feature: add hotel management system

starter_code/hotel_management.py

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+"""
+hotel_management.py
+===================
+Project:    Sunrise Grand Hotel Management System
+Type:       CLI (Command Line Interface)
+Difficulty: Medium
+Skills:     Python, Dictionaries, Functions, Error Handling, Input Validation
+Time:       Medium (a weekend)
+
+What you will build:
+    A robust hotel management application to manage a 40-room inventory 
+    across four categories. The system allows for dynamic room 
+    initialization, guest booking with automatic price calculation 
+    based on stay duration, booking cancellations, and targeted 
+    searches by room category.
+
+How to run:
+    python hotel_management.py    
+
+Learning goals:
+    - Managing state using nested dictionaries and lists.
+    - Implementing robust input validation for user data.
+    - Structuring a menu-driven CLI application.
+    - Handling basic business logic (billing, availability).
+
+Roadmap:
+    Step 1: Initialize the 40-room inventory with tiered pricing.
+    Step 2: Implement availability display and category filtering.
+    Step 3: Build the booking engine with contact validation.
+    Step 4: Create the cancellation and guest detail lookup logic.
+    Step 5: Wrap all logic in a persistent main menu loop.
+"""
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Core Logic & Initialization
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def initialize_rooms():
+    """
+    Initializes a 40-room inventory across four distinct luxury categories.
+    Deluxe: 101-110 (Rs. 2500)| Super Deluxe: 201-210 (Rs. 3500)| Suite: 301-310 (Rs. 5000)| Presidential: 401-410 (Rs. 8000)
+    """
+    rooms = {}
+
+    # Configuration Mapping: {Floor/Base: (Category Name, Nightly Rate)}
+    config = {
+        100: ("Deluxe", 2500),
+        200: ("Super Deluxe", 3500),
+        300: ("Suite", 5000),
+        400: ("Presidential Suite", 8000)
+    }
+
+    # Nested loop to generate 10 rooms per floor based on configuration
+    for base_no, (room_type, price) in config.items():
+        for i in range(1, 11):
+            room_no = base_no + i
+            # Structure: [Type, Price, Status, Guest_Data_Dict]
+            rooms[room_no] = [room_type, price, "Available", None]
+
+    return rooms
+
+# Instantiate the global room database
+rooms = initialize_rooms()
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Room Management Functions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def show_available_rooms():
+    """Filters and displays only the rooms currently marked as 'Available'."""
+    print("\n--- 1. Available Rooms ---")
+    found = False
+    for room_no, details in rooms.items():
+        if details[2] == "Available":
+            print(f"Room No: {room_no} | Type: {details[0]} | Price/Day: Rs. {details[1]}")
+            found = True
+    if not found:
+        print(">> No rooms currently available.")
+
+def book_room():
+    """
+    Handles the end-to-end booking process. 
+    Includes input validation for contact numbers and stay duration limits.
+    """
+    show_available_rooms()
+
+    try:
+        room_no = int(input("\nEnter room number to book: "))
+    except ValueError:
+        print(">> Invalid input. Please enter a numerical room number.")
+        return
+
+    # Check if room exists in the initialized database
+    if room_no not in rooms:
+        print(">> Error: Invalid room number.")
+        return
+
+    # Prevent double-booking of occupied rooms
+    if rooms[room_no][2] == "Booked":
+        print(">> Room is already occupied. Please select another.")
+        return
+
+    print(f"\nBooking Room {room_no} ({rooms[room_no][0]} @ Rs. {rooms[room_no][1]}/day)")
+    name = input("Enter Guest Name: ").strip()
+    contact = input("Enter Contact Number: ").strip()
+
+    # Validation loop for a standard 10-digit mobile number
+    while len(contact) != 10 or not contact.isdigit():
+        print(">> Error: Contact number must be exactly 10 digits.")
+        contact = input("Enter Contact Number: ").strip()
+
+    try:
+        days = int(input("Enter Number of Days of Stay: "))
+        if days <= 0:
+            print(">> Error: Duration must be at least 1 day.")
+            return
+        # Enforcing a 30-day policy to prevent long-term squatting without review
+        elif days > 30:
+            while days > 30:
+                print(">> Error: Policy Limit! Maximum initial stay is 30 days.")
+                days = int(input("Enter Number of Days of Stay: "))
+    except ValueError:
+        print(">> Invalid input. Please enter numbers only for the duration.")
+        return
+
+    # Automatic calculation of total billing
+    price_per_day = rooms[room_no][1]
+    total_price = price_per_day * days
+
+    # Commit booking data to the dictionary
+    rooms[room_no][2] = "Booked"
+    rooms[room_no][3] = {
+        "Guest Name": name,
+        "Contact": contact,
+        "Days": days,
+        "Total Price": total_price
+    }
+
+    print("\n✅ Room booked successfully!")
+    print(f"Total Amount to Pay: Rs. {total_price}") 
+
+def cancel_booking():
+    """Resets a booked room back to 'Available' status and clears guest data."""
+    try:
+        room_no = int(input("Enter room number to cancel: "))
+    except ValueError:
+        print(">> Invalid input.")
+        return
+
+    if room_no in rooms and rooms[room_no][2] == "Booked":
+        rooms[room_no][2] = "Available"
+        rooms[room_no][3] = None
+        print(f"✅ Booking for Room {room_no} cancelled. Room is now vacant.")
+    else:
+        print(f">> Room {room_no} is not currently booked.")
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Search & Reporting Functions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------        
+
+def search_by_type():
+    """Allows filtering of the entire inventory by specific room categories."""
+    print("\nCategories: Deluxe, Super Deluxe, Suite, Presidential Suite")
+    room_type_search = input("Enter Room Type to filter: ").strip().lower()
+
+    found = False
+    for room_no, details in rooms.items():
+        if details[0].lower() == room_type_search:
+            status = details[2]
+            # Ternary-style logic for guest display
+            guest = f"({details[3]['Guest Name']})" if status == "Booked" else ""
+            print(f"Room No: {room_no} | Status: {status} {guest} | Price/Day: Rs. {details[1]}")
+            found = True
+
+    if not found:
+        print(f">> No rooms found for category: {room_type_search.title()}")
+
+def view_guest_details():
+    """Provides a detailed billing and contact breakdown for a specific room."""
+    try:
+        room_no = int(input("Enter room number: "))
+    except ValueError:
+        return
+
+    if room_no in rooms and rooms[room_no][2] == "Booked":
+        guest = rooms[room_no][3]
+        print(f"\n--- Guest Details for Room {room_no} ---")
+        print(f"Name: {guest['Guest Name']}")
+        print(f"Contact: {guest['Contact']}")
+        print(f"Stay Duration: {guest['Days']} days")
+        print(f"Total Billing: Rs. {guest['Total Price']} (Rs .{rooms[room_no][1]} x {guest['Days']})")
+    else:
+        print(">> No active booking found for this room.")
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Main Entry Point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def main_menu():
+    """The central control hub for the Management System."""
+    while True:
+        print("\n" + "="*45)
+        print("   SUNRISE GRAND HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM")
+        print("="*45)
+        print("1. Show Available Rooms\n2. Book a Room\n3. Cancel Booking")
+        print("4. Search Rooms by Type\n5. View Guest Details\n6. Exit")
+
+        choice = input("\nSelect an option (1-6): ").strip()
+
+        if choice == '1': show_available_rooms()
+        elif choice == '2': book_room()
+        elif choice == '3': cancel_booking()
+        elif choice == '4': search_by_type()
+        elif choice == '5': view_guest_details()
+        elif choice == '6':
+            print("\n👋 System Shutdown. Have a professional day!")
+            break
+        else:
+            print("❌ Invalid selection.")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main_menu()