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fix: distrust compromised eMudhra roots and verify Chromium download checksum - #2468
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…checksum eMudhra issued 8 intermediates whose private keys are recoverable from the public certificates. Browsers and OS trust stores have blocked them, but Node ships its own roots and still trusts both chains (Node 14, used by the standalone executable, trusts both; Node 20+ still trusts the emSign one). - @percy/client: drop "emSign ECC Root CA - G3" and "AAA Certificate Services" (the Sectigo cross-sign path) from the default CA certificates for every TLS connection in the process. Uses tls.setDefaultCACertificates where available, otherwise defaults secure contexts to the remaining bundled roots plus NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS. Skipped when Node uses the OS trust store. - @percy/core: pin a SHA-256 for each platform's default Chromium revision and refuse to extract a downloaded archive that does not match. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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The title clearly describes the changes, but it does not contain a Jira ticket ID matching [A-Z][A-Z0-9]+-\d+. | Add a valid Jira ticket ID, such as PER-1234, while retaining the plain-English description. For example: "PER-1234: distrust compromised eMudhra roots and verify Chromium download checksum". |
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Review comments at @packages/client/src/trust.js:
- Around line 16-17: Update the certificate filtering flow in
trustedCertificates so parsing failures from isTrustedCertificate are caught per
certificate and unparseable entries are discarded instead of aborting
initialization; preserve valid root and extra certificates. Add a test covering
a malformed block in the extra CA file.
- Around line 38-39: Update the flags guard in the trust initialization logic to
return only when --use-openssl-ca is present; remove the --use-system-ca
condition so execution reaches the bundled-root filtering through
tls.getCACertificates('default'). Do not add a separate NODE_USE_SYSTEM_CA
check.
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packages/client/src/trust.jspackages/client/src/utils.jspackages/client/test/unit/trust.test.jspackages/core/src/install.jspackages/core/test/unit/install.test.js
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packages/client/test/unit/trust.test.js
[warning] 60-60: Filesystem path is not a string literal; a request-/variable-derived path can enable path traversal. Validate and normalize the path before use.
Context: fs.writeFileSync(bundle, ${ssl.cert}\n${distrusted.join('\n')}\n)
Note: [CWE-22] Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal').
(detect-non-literal-fs-filename)
packages/client/src/trust.js
[warning] 27-27: Filesystem path is not a string literal; a request-/variable-derived path can enable path traversal. Validate and normalize the path before use.
Context: fs.readFileSync(process.env.NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS, 'utf-8')
Note: [CWE-22] Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal').
(detect-non-literal-fs-filename)
🔇 Additional comments: 2
packages/client/src/utils.js: 1
8-11: LGTM!packages/client/test/unit/trust.test.js: 1
1-150: LGTM!
…ode version Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…stem-ca
- isTrustedCertificate treats certificates that cannot be parsed as untrusted
(as Node does), so a corrupt block in NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS no longer throws
while importing @percy/client/utils.
- --use-system-ca adds the OS store to Node's bundled roots rather than
replacing them, so only --use-openssl-ca skips dropping the roots.
- trustedCertificates starts from tls.getCACertificates('default') when
available, which keeps system and extra CAs on Node versions that support
--use-system-ca but not setDefaultCACertificates.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @packages/client/src/trust.js:
- Line 49: Update the option check near the existing --use-openssl-ca guard in
the trust handling logic to recognize both hyphenated and underscore spellings,
normalizing option names before evaluation. Preserve the early return for either
spelling and add coverage verifying both forms prevent bundled roots from being
supplied.
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🧰 Additional context used
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packages/client/test/unit/trust.test.js
[warning] 86-87: Filesystem path is not a string literal; a request-/variable-derived path can enable path traversal. Validate and normalize the path before use.
Context: fs.writeFileSync(bundle, ${ssl.cert}\n-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\nnot a certificate\n +
'-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n')
Note: [CWE-22] Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal').
(detect-non-literal-fs-filename)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude Code PR ReviewPR: #2468 • Head: f5c210c • Reviewers: code-review (built-in fallback; no in-scope reviewers in repo) SummaryDrops the compromised eMudhra roots (emSign ECC Root CA - G3, AAA Certificate Services) from Node's default CA set via Review Table
Findings
Verdict: FAIL |
…builds - cli-doctor's prober sends PERCY_TOKEN through its own https/tls client before anything else may import @percy/client/utils, so drop the roots there explicitly. - Skip when Node verifies against the OpenSSL store: distro builds (Debian, Ubuntu) default to it without a runtime flag, and replacing it with the bundled roots would drop OS-installed corporate CAs. --use-openssl-ca and --use-bundled-ca follow Node's precedence (last wins, command line over NODE_OPTIONS). - Read the default CA certificates once, and debug-log skipped certificates. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude Code PR ReviewPR: #2468 • Head: f89979c • Reviewers: code-review (built-in fallback; no in-scope reviewers in repo) SummaryDrops the compromised eMudhra roots (emSign ECC Root CA - G3, AAA Certificate Services) from Node's default CA set, including in Review Table
FindingsNon-blocking (no Fail rows):
Verdict: PASS |
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @packages/client/test/unit/trust.test.js:
- Line 127: Update the usesOpenSSLStore() expectation in the trust test to
derive from process.config.variables.node_use_openssl_ca, while preserving the
explicit {} assertion for the bundled-default case.
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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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only still-valid issues, skip the rest with a brief reason, keep changes
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @packages/client/test/unit/trust.test.js:
- Around line 198-203: Update both bundled-mode suites around “with
setDefaultCACertificates” and “on Node versions without
setDefaultCACertificates” to remove --use-openssl-ca and --use_openssl_ca from
process.execArgv during each test, while preserving the original execArgv in
afterEach alongside the existing TLS and NODE_OPTIONS restoration.
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Claude Code PR ReviewPR: #2468 • Head: d97da5f • Reviewers: code-review (built-in fallback; no in-scope reviewers in repo) SummaryDrops the compromised eMudhra roots from Node's default CA set, including in Review Table
FindingsNon-blocking (no Fail rows):
Verdict: PASS |
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude Code PR ReviewPR: #2468 • Head: 791345d • Reviewers: code-review (built-in fallback; no in-scope reviewers in repo) SummaryDrops the compromised eMudhra roots from Node's default CA set (including in Review Table
FindingsNon-blocking (no Fail rows):
Verdict: PASS |
Resolves conflicts with the eMudhra fix (#2468), release checksums (#2471) and the 1.32.12 release: - .semgrepignore: keep both new ignore blocks. - client/src/utils.js: keep master's explicit proxy agent and this branch's IPv4-first dns lookup. - cli-command/src/lockfileDiff.js: snyk-nodejs-lockfile-parser 2.10.4 (#2442) needs Node ^20.19 || ^22.13 || >=24, so a >=20 floor does not always satisfy it; keep the deferred require and say so. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2 participants
Why
eMudhra issued 8 intermediate CAs whose private keys can be recovered from the public certificates (incident). Anyone on the network path can mint a certificate for
percy.io, BrowserStack APIs orstorage.googleapis.com. Browsers and OS trust stores blocked them on Oct 17–20, but Node uses its own bundled roots and has no fix yet:That exposes
PERCY_TOKEN/BrowserStack credentials and API responses, and lets an attacker swap the Chromium zip that the CLI downloads, unzips and runs.What
1. Drop the compromised roots (
@percy/client,src/trust.js)The two roots above are removed from the default CA certificates for every TLS connection in the process (https, proxy agents,
fetch).@percy/client/utilsdoes this on import.percy doctor's own prober, which sendsPERCY_TOKENbefore anything else may load the client, calls it explicitly.tls.setDefaultCACertificates(getCACertificates('default') − distrusted).cadefault to the bundled roots plusNODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS, minus the distrusted roots. Corporate CAs keep working, and an explicitcais respected.--use-openssl-ca, following Node's precedence with--use-bundled-ca.--use-system-caonly adds the OS store to the bundled roots, so the roots are still dropped there, and on Node ≥ 22.15 the list starts fromtls.getCACertificates('default')so system CAs are kept.NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTSthat cannot be parsed are skipped, as Node does, instead of throwing at import.2. Verify the Chromium download (
@percy/core,install.js)chromium.checksumspins a SHA-256 per platform for the default revisions. The archive is hashed while it streams and is never extracted on a mismatch; the archive is deleted. This also applies toPERCY_CHROMIUM_BASE_URLmirrors. Checksums were computed from fresh downloads, each matching GCS's own MD5 and size metadata.Verification
https.get, Percyrequest()andfetch:dv-g3b-emudhra.dv-g3b-emudhraanddv-g3c-aaa-emudhrawithUNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT_LOCALLY.percy.io,api.browserstack.comandstorage.googleapis.comare unaffected.clientandcore/installspecs pass on Node 14; the trust specs also pass on Node 24.dropDistrustedRoots()call fails the import spec.Follow-ups (not in this PR)
executable.yml)..local-chromium/<rev>(e.g. a verified-hash marker); today only fresh downloads are checked.tls.connect) instead ofcreateSecureContext, so embedding processes' TLS servers are untouched.chromium.revisionsnow requires updatingchromium.checksums; a spec enforces that both lists cover the same platforms.🤖 Generated with Claude Code
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Security
Bug Fixes