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Stop abandoned admin requests from holding database connections - #583

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hardbyte merged 5 commits into
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ccr-37ca53f6-xza211-admin-statement-timeout
Nov 2, 2026
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hardbyte merged 5 commits into
mainfrom
ccr-37ca53f6-xza211-admin-statement-timeout

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@hardbyte

@hardbyte hardbyte commented Nov 2, 2026 •

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Problem

When a client gives up on an admin request (a closed tab, a proxy timeout, a poll that outlives its interval), awa serve drops the handler, but nothing cancels its query on Postgres. sqlx returns the connection to the pool only after a release ping, and that ping waits for the abandoned query to finish. So a slow admin read polled from an open dashboard stacks one running query and one held connection per poll. The 22 s queue_overviews read fixed in #580 did exactly that in production.

Working on this turned up something worse. If the abandoned query ends in an error, for example a statement timeout or #572's read-budget cancel, the release ping reports that error. sqlx 0.9 then treats the connection as broken and calls close_hard, and close_hard on a TLS connection hangs: rustls's shutdown waits on the connection indefinitely. The pool never gets the slot back. Measured locally with a one-connection pool:

Setup Next request after a dropped one
no statement timeout, query finishes waits for the query (2.7 s for a 3 s sleep)
2 s statement timeout, TLS never: acquire timed out at 90 s
same, sslmode=disable close_hard returns in 0.1 ms

So a statement timeout on its own would have made things worse: every abandoned request whose query timed out would permanently leak a pool slot.

Change

awa serve builds its pool with two new helpers in awa_ui::pool, which also suit applications that embed awa_ui::router:

  • admin_connect_options(options, statement_timeout) adds statement_timeout as a connection startup option, so a RESET statement_timeout returns to the bound rather than to none. The new --statement-timeout flag (AWA_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT) sets it: 60 s by default, 0 to leave the server's setting.
  • admin_pool_options(PgPoolOptions) adds:
    • after_connect: client_connection_check_interval = '5s' on Postgres 14+, so a query stops within 5 s once its connection closes, for example when awa serve restarts.
    • after_release: recover_admin_connection. Its first ping waits for the abandoned query and reads its result. A database error there belongs to that query, not the connection, and a second ping confirms the connection works, so the pool reuses it. The hook never returns Err, because sqlx answers that with the hanging close_hard.

Validation

  • New awa-ui/tests/pool_limits_test.rs:
    • The statement timeout is the session default, and RESET returns to it.
    • client_connection_check_interval is 5 s on Postgres 14+.
    • A request is dropped mid-query on a one-connection pool. The next request gets the same backend within the timeout.
      • Without the release hook it fails with PoolTimedOut over TLS locally.
      • On CI's non-TLS Postgres it fails with a new backend PID, since sqlx closes the connection rather than hanging.
  • All awa-ui suites and help_cli_test pass. clippy -D warnings, cargo fmt --check and the strict mkdocs build are clean.
  • A real awa serve --statement-timeout 7 starts and serves /api/stats with the new pool.
  • Docs: a new "Abandoned requests" section in docs/configuration.md, with the flag added to the serve table. docs/ui-design.md shows embedders how to build the pool.

Notes

  • The close_hard hang is a sqlx 0.9 bug worth reporting upstream; this PR works around it rather than depending on a fix.
  • Pools outside awa serve aren't changed. That includes workers' pools and any pool an application passes to awa-model admin calls directly. An application that drops admin reads mid-query on a TLS pool can use recover_admin_connection as its own after_release hook.
  • I'll backport this to the 0.6.10 release PR (chore: prepare 0.6.10 release #582).

Generated by Claude Code

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • awa serve now limits individual database statements to 60 seconds by default. Configure the limit with --statement-timeout or AWA_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT; set it to 0 to leave the database setting unchanged.
    • Abandoned requests no longer leave their database queries running indefinitely, and affected connections can be reused.
    • Applications embedding the UI can configure database connections and pools with options matching awa serve.
  • Documentation

    • Added guidance on statement timeouts and database-pool configuration for embedded UIs.

When a client gives up on an admin request, the server drops it but
Postgres keeps running its query, and sqlx holds the connection until the
query ends. If the query then ended in an error, such as a statement
timeout, sqlx 0.9's release check reported that error as a broken
connection and closed it with a hard close, which hangs on a TLS
connection: the pool lost that slot for good. A slow read polled from an
open dashboard could exhaust the pool.

awa serve now builds its pool with awa_ui::admin_pool_options and
admin_connect_options:

- a statement timeout as a startup option (60 s, --statement-timeout /
  AWA_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT, 0 to leave the server's setting), so an
  abandoned query ends and RESET returns to the bound;
- a release hook that reads an abandoned query's result, treats its
  database error as that query's, and confirms the connection with a
  second ping, so the pool reuses it instead of closing it;
- client_connection_check_interval = 5s on Postgres 14+, so a query
  stops when its connection closes, for example when awa serve restarts.

pool_limits_test drops a request mid-query against a one-connection
pool and checks that the next request gets the same backend within the
timeout; without the release hook it times out acquiring.
@hardbyte hardbyte added the full-ci Run the full CI matrix (Python build+test, E2E) on this PR label Nov 2, 2026 — with Claude
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Findings

Minor Do not convert a nonzero timeout to 0ms.

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Inline comments:
Review comments at @awa-ui/src/pool.rs:
- Line 34: Update the statement_timeout formatting in the options.options call
so every nonzero timeout is represented by at least 1ms, rounding
sub-millisecond durations up or rejecting them; preserve the existing behavior
for a zero timeout.

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Walkthrough

awa-ui adds public admin pool helpers for statement timeouts and connection recovery. awa serve uses the helpers with a configurable statement timeout. Tests and documentation cover the connection settings, recovery behavior, and embedded UI pool setup.

Changes: Admin pool helpers and recovery

Layer / File(s) Summary
Admin pool helpers and recovery
awa-ui/src/lib.rs, awa-ui/src/pool.rs, awa-ui/tests/pool_limits_test.rs, docs/ui-design.md
awa-ui exposes helpers that set a nonzero statement timeout and configure a 5-second connection check on PostgreSQL 14+. The pool configures connections after connect and pings them after release, retrying once after a database error. Tests check session settings and reuse after a dropped query. The UI documentation shows how to configure an embedded pool.

awa serve timeout configuration

Layer / File(s) Summary
awa serve timeout configuration
awa-cli/src/main.rs, docs/configuration.md, CHANGELOG.md
awa serve adds --statement-timeout and AWA_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT, with a 60-second default; 0 leaves the server setting unchanged. The Serve pool uses the admin connection and pool options. The configuration guide and changelog describe these changes.

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Change: Bug fix

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant Client
  participant AwaServe as awa serve
  participant AdminPool as awa-ui admin pool
  participant PostgreSQL
  AwaServe->>AdminPool: Configure connection options and pool hooks
  AdminPool->>PostgreSQL: Connect with statement_timeout
  PostgreSQL-->>AdminPool: Return connection
  Client->>AdminPool: Submit request using pooled connection
  Client--xAdminPool: Drop request
  AdminPool->>PostgreSQL: Ping connection after release
  PostgreSQL-->>AdminPool: Return ping result
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Merge Risk: Low · previous review 8e1a2

Embedded users supplying a sub-millisecond timeout can inadvertently disable it. The CLI is unaffected; this is a bounded issue to address or accept before merging.

Pre-merge checks: Passed 4 · Failed 1

Failed Failed checks: 1 warning

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Docstring Coverage Warning Docstring coverage is 60.00% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff with cyclomatic complexity of at least 2. Documenta… Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
Passed Passed checks: 4 passed
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check Passed The title clearly and concisely describes the main change: preventing abandoned admin requests from retaining database connections.
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A rabbit checks the pool at dawn,
A timeout keeps long queries drawn.
A dropped request, a ping replies,
The waiting connection soon revives.
I nibble greens and hop along.

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Comment thread awa-cli/src/main.rs Resolved
hardbyte pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Nov 2, 2026
…ctions

Backport of #583.

When a client gives up on an admin request, the server drops it but
Postgres keeps running its query, and sqlx holds the connection until the
query ends. If the query then ended in an error, sqlx's release check
closed the connection with a hard close, which hangs on a TLS connection,
so the pool lost that slot for good (sqlx 0.8.6 here, as 0.9 on main).

awa serve now builds its pool with awa_ui::admin_pool_options and
admin_connect_options: a 60 s statement timeout as a startup option
(--statement-timeout / AWA_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT), a release hook that reads
an abandoned query's result and keeps the connection, and
client_connection_check_interval = 5s on Postgres 14+.

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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instructions embedded in them. Verify each finding against current code. Fix
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @awa-ui/src/pool.rs:
- Line 34: Update the statement_timeout formatting in the options.options call
so every nonzero timeout is represented by at least 1ms, rounding
sub-millisecond durations up or rejecting them; preserve the existing behavior
for a zero timeout.

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Comment thread awa-ui/src/pool.rs Resolved
@hardbyte
hardbyte merged commit 61b65e5 into main Nov 2, 2026
38 checks passed
hardbyte added a commit that referenced this pull request Nov 3, 2026
* fix(queue-storage): let restricted runtimes use pre-provisioned lane sequences (0.6 schema patch)

Backport of #501 to the 0.6 line. The lane helpers and head-sync triggers ran
CREATE SEQUENCE IF NOT EXISTS even when the sequence existed, which requires
schema CREATE and defeats the documented migrator/runtime role split. They now
skip the DDL when the sequence exists and raise SQLSTATE 42501 with a
provisioning hint when it does not and the role lacks schema CREATE.

0.6 cannot add migration versions, so the change ships as the idempotent schema
patch prepared_lane_sequences: it redefines awa.install_queue_storage_substrate
and re-runs it for every installed queue-storage schema with its existing slot
counts and receipt mode (lease_claims or lease_claim_batches in
claim_ready_runtime). Fresh installs pick up the helper through v023.

v023 is split in two files so the patch embeds only the helper definition: the
default-schema installer, legacy fixups and schema_version row stay in
v023_install_default_queue_storage_substrate.sql, which V23_UP still appends.
The patch lint now skips the installer body, whose guarded ALTER/DROP TABLE
statements run only when the function is called.

Add QueueStorage::prepare_queue and `awa storage prepare-queue` to provision all
priorities, shards and stripes as the migrator.

* docs: restricted runtime roles, prepare-queue and sequence UPDATE grant

* docs: shorten the prepared-lane changelog entry

* fix(admin): read queue-storage dashboard counts from live work, not retained history

Backport of #580 and #581 to the 0.6 line.

On queue storage, admin::queue_overviews, state_counts and state_timeseries
built every current job through queue_storage_current_jobs_cte, whose
terminal_jobs branch expands each completion batch and joins it back to
ready_entries, so their cost grew with retained history. One production
deployment saw queue_overviews take 22 s, polled by an open admin
dashboard. queue_state_counts is not maintained once queue storage is
active, so it can't stand in.

- queue_overviews reads the live-work tables the worker gauges read, counts
  available rows exactly per lane from its claim cursor, and takes
  completed_last_hour from completion-batch sizes (less tombstoned members)
  and completed done_entries rows.
- state_counts counts completions from batch sizes less tombstones, and
  available rows per lane.
- state_timeseries bounds every source by the window before any join;
  terminal rows come only from done rows and batches finalised within it.
- JIT is off for all three; compiling cost more than running.

Running keeps 0.6's leases-only definition.

* chore: prepare 0.6.10 release

* docs: grant sequence UPDATE in the pgroles example too

Lane cursors need UPDATE on their sequences for setval; the SQL grant
block already said so, the pgroles manifest did not.

* chore: bump async-trait to 0.1.92 for clippy's double_must_use

Rust 1.99's clippy flags the must_use that async-trait 0.1.89 puts on
the boxed future of Worker::perform. main already locks 0.1.92, whose
expansion passes; the 0.6 lockfiles follow it.

* ci: run the Playwright E2E job on ubuntu-24.04

ubuntu-latest now resolves to 26.04, where the pinned Playwright refuses
to install Chromium. main pins the job the same way.

* fix(serve): stop abandoned admin requests from holding database connections

Backport of #583.

When a client gives up on an admin request, the server drops it but
Postgres keeps running its query, and sqlx holds the connection until the
query ends. If the query then ended in an error, sqlx's release check
closed the connection with a hard close, which hangs on a TLS connection,
so the pool lost that slot for good (sqlx 0.8.6 here, as 0.9 on main).

awa serve now builds its pool with awa_ui::admin_pool_options and
admin_connect_options: a 60 s statement timeout as a startup option
(--statement-timeout / AWA_STATEMENT_TIMEOUT), a release hook that reads
an abandoned query's result and keeps the connection, and
client_connection_check_interval = 5s on Postgres 14+.

* Round sub-millisecond admin statement timeouts up to 1ms

* Round admin statement timeouts up from nanoseconds

* fix(queue-storage): replace only the lane helpers in the prepared-lane patch

The 0.6.10 prepared_lane_sequences patch re-ran
awa.install_queue_storage_substrate for every installed queue-storage schema.
The installer takes exclusive locks on hot tables such as leases and
deferred_jobs, rebuilds the head-sync triggers and scans retained ready
entries for backfills, all inside the migration transaction. Under live load
on a v0.6.9 database it stalled every worker and producer for 23 s and
deadlocked one enqueue.

The three lane helpers (ensure_lane_sequences and the two head-sync trigger
functions) now live in awa.refresh_lane_sequence_helpers(schema), as on main.
The installer calls it, so new schemas get the fixed helpers. On existing
databases the patch calls only the refresh, under the per-schema install
advisory lock. It takes no table locks and reads no queue rows: the same live
rehearsal applied it in 22 ms with no completion gap and no errors.

The applied probe now checks all three helpers and the refresh function. A
new test asserts the patch holds no relation lock on queue-storage objects,
and that the installer does.

* fix(admin): keep queue-storage dashboard reads off retained history (backport of #584)

A review of the #580/#581 backport found the last-hour completed count
scanning completion batches once per recent tombstone (5.4 s on a
production-sized fixture), and queue lag reading each lane's first row,
which hides an older job a queue move or priority aging appends behind
newer ones.

- Available counts walk each lane's segments from its claim cursor and
  probe the ready key per segment; a range without the key's leading ring
  slot scanned every retained ready row. They also yield the oldest
  available run_at, which is the queue lag again, as in 0.6.9.
- The tombstone check expands each recent batch in a tombstoned lane once
  and matches its members by hash.
- The timeseries reads its window's terminal rows with ready-key probes
  instead of through terminal_jobs, which joined them to every ready row.
- DLQ retry, purge and move invalidate the dashboard caches, as job
  mutations already do (from #579).

admin_read_cost_test serves every polled endpoint against ten times more
retained history and fails if a read does more work; on the previous head
it fails for /api/queues and the timeseries.

* fix(admin): find unique-key cancel candidates without scanning retained ready rows (backport of #586)

On queue storage, cancel_by_unique_key and cancel_by_unique_key_tx built
every available ready row before filtering by key, reading every retained
ready row, and missed jobs running on receipt claims not yet materialised
into leases, so those couldn't be cancelled by key (#585).

The key is now filtered where each source is read: available rows are
walked lane by lane from the claim cursor through ready_segments (only the
given queue's lanes when a queue is passed), scheduled and retryable rows
use the deferred unique-key index, and running jobs come from leases and
open receipt claims. open_receipt_running_claims_sql is ported from main,
with the closed-claim-batch skip.

The queue-storage tests from #586 cover each live state, oldest-first
among jobs sharing a key, the tx variant's rollback and commit-time
notice, and rows read staying flat as history and other queues' backlogs
grow. Against the previous lookup they fail: the running job isn't found,
and a scoped missing-key lookup reads 720 rows, then 5,206.

* Cover a waiting_external job in the cancel-by-key test

Port of the #586 follow-up: enter the callback wait so the test
cancels a job in waiting_external, and note that the open-receipt-claim
leg costs claim-ring retention.

* fix(migrate): count the lane patch applied only when every substrate has it

The prepared_lane_sequences probe checked the three helpers in awa only.
A custom queue-storage schema restored or prepared with the 0.6.9 helpers
passed once awa did, and a database whose only active substrate was a
custom schema could never pass. The probe now checks the refresh
function, the installer and the helpers of every installed substrate,
from the catalogs so a schema the migrating role cannot use is reported.

migrations::schema_patch_status names what each missing patch still has
to repair, and migrations::run_with_report returns the schema versions,
the migrations and patches applied, what each patch repaired or still
lacks, and storage routing before and after.

* fix(cli): make awa migrate safe to run for the 0.6.10 patch

- Refuse --from, --to and --version when applying; they only select a
  range to render, and the apply path always migrates fully.
- Wrap --sql output in one transaction that takes the migration
  advisory lock, with ON_ERROR_STOP guidance in the header;
  --no-transaction prints it bare for runners that own the transaction.
- Report the result: schema version, each patch and what it updated,
  and storage routing before and after. Exit 1 when a patch is still
  missing on some schema, naming it.

Tests cover the refused flags, a patch interrupted mid-run (nothing
applied, retry completes it) and exported SQL that fails under psql
with ON_ERROR_STOP and then applies cleanly.

* fix(queue-storage): provision lanes a 0.6.9 runtime created

A runtime role with schema CREATE owns the lane sequences it creates.
Provisioning such a lane as the owner (awa storage prepare-queue, the
first step of revoking runtime CREATE) failed with permission denied
for sequence: the head tables' BEFORE INSERT triggers run even for a
row ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING then skips, and they read and set the lane's
sequence. Lane inserts now skip rows that exist, under the same
per-lane advisory lock.

* test: rehearse the 0.6.9 -> 0.6.10 -> 0.6.9 upgrade as a release gate

Released 0.6.9 artifacts (the awa-cli and awa-pg wheels) install the
schema as an owner role and run a separate runtime role in a custom
queue-storage schema with the grants a working 0.6.9 deployment needs.
Over a banked backlog with retries, scheduled jobs and slow jobs in
flight, the candidate awa migrate patches under traffic, with no lock
above RowExclusive on any awa or queue-storage relation (one owner
transaction audit plus sampling during the real run), idle lanes at
their exact positions, live lanes only advancing, and routing
unchanged. Candidate and released workers then run together through
killed and restarted workers; the fleet rolls back to 0.6.9 (including
its awa migrate, which must leave the patch in place); privileges are
tightened as the owner and the released workers restart. Every job must
complete, retried jobs on a later attempt, with per-queue counts
matching what was enqueued.

CI runs it on PostgreSQL 17 and 18 alongside the other full-CI jobs;
release.yml already requires this workflow to pass on the tagged SHA.
Evidence is uploaded as JSON.

* docs: 0.6.9 -> 0.6.10 upgrade guide

One path: install the 0.6.10 CLI, run awa migrate once as the owner
under traffic, roll processes. States what does not need doing, what
the report means, how external runners apply the patch, how to roll
back (leave the patch installed), and the optional procedure for
revoking runtime CREATE, with a per-sequence grant because GRANT ON ALL
SEQUENCES fails on sequences a 0.6.9 runtime created.

* test: resolve a relative candidate CLI path against the workspace

cargo runs the rehearsal from awa/, so AWA_CANDIDATE_CLI=target/debug/awa
pointed at awa/target. Resolve it, and a relative CARGO_TARGET_DIR, from
the workspace root as the released-artifact paths already are.

* fix(admin): start a queue-scoped unique-key lookup from the key

The 0.6.10 lookup read every open receipt claim before filtering by
key. A long-running job keeps the claim ring from pruning, so on a
database with 120,000 retained row-local claims each lookup took about
9.7 s, worse than 0.6.9's 2.8 s on the same data.

Given a queue, the lookup now reads that queue's ready rows holding the
key through the lane index and checks only those jobs: available past
the claim cursor and not tombstoned, in leases, or on an open receipt
claim found by job_id. With no such row only the deferred_jobs key
index can hold the key, so that query alone answers, which also skips
planning the full lookup across partitioned tables (about 10 ms).

Measured on 180,200 retained ready rows and 120,300 claims in other
queues, through cancel_by_unique_key_tx rolled back: 1.7 ms for a
missing key, 11 ms and 20 ms to cancel a scheduled and an available
job (p50 of 100); 0.6.9's lookup took 2.8 s.

The cost test now also retains row-local claims; against the previous
lookup it reads 434 rows, then 32,912.

* fix(admin): find a moved running job by key, in one snapshot

Review follow-ups on the queue-scoped unique-key lookup:

- Match leases by job_id, as open receipt claims already are. A job
  moved to another queue while available is leased on its new lane, so
  matching by its original ready row's lane missed it once it ran or
  waited there; 0.6.9 found it.
- Read the ready-row check and the deferred_jobs lookup in one
  statement, so a job promoted from deferred_jobs between two reads is
  not missed by both.
- Say what the compact-batch leg of the job-restricted open-claims
  query reads: every retained batch header, unnesting only batches that
  hold one of the jobs.

New test: two jobs moved to another queue, one running on a receipt
claim and one waiting on a callback, are both found by a lookup naming
their original queue.

* Hide the storage transition card once the transition is finalized

The runtime page showed the card on every cluster running queue storage,
long after the cutover finished. It now appears only while an engine is
prepared or a mixed transition is in flight.

* test: keep completed rows past ring rotation in telemetry tests

test_failure_path_metrics_reach_prometheus timed out waiting for its three
completed jobs: with the default one-second ring rotation, maintenance can
prune completed rows before the test counts them. The failure-path and
dashboard tests, which both count completed jobs, now build their clients
with a one-hour queue and lease rotation, as #588 did for the job output
tests on main.

* test(rehearsal): accept a fail_once job whose first attempt died with its worker

The rehearsal failed on PostgreSQL 17 with "fail_once job 331 never
retried". A worker killed after claiming a fail_once job but before its
handler returns leaves no Retry event; heartbeat rescue then runs attempt 2,
which completes as designed. The accounting now requires a Retry event only
when attempt 1 started on a worker that survived, and still requires every
fail_once job to complete on attempt 2 or later.

* fix(admin): find striped lanes and tolerate a finished job in unique-key cancel

The admin store is rebuilt from the active schema name with the default
config, so a queue-scoped unique-key lookup bound only the logical queue
name and missed available, running and waiting jobs in a striped queue's
queue#N lanes. The physical queues now come from the schema's queue_lanes.

A job that finishes between the lookup and the cancel made the
queue-storage branch return JobNotFound; it now returns None, as the
canonical engine does and the docs say.

Both predate 0.6.10. Port of the same fixes on main (#586); the new
striped-lanes test fails on the previous lookup.

* docs(0.6.10): external-runner patch check, absolute upgrade-guide link, release date

A runner that tracks only schema versions sees nothing new in 0.6.10, and
the exported patch skips queue-storage schemas the running role cannot use
without failing. The upgrade guide now says to add the R__ script, run it as
the owner and confirm with awa migrate --sql --pending. The CHANGELOG links
the guide absolutely so the link works in the GitHub release body.
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