chore(deps): update dependency nanoid to v3.3.12 [security] by renovate[bot] · Pull Request #53 · graphql-nexus/tutorial

renovate · 2023-07-14T06:38:01Z

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Confidence
nanoid	`3.1.10` → `3.3.12`

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor in nanoid

CVE-2021-23566 / GHSA-qrpm-p2h7-hrv2

More information

Details

The package nanoid from 3.0.0, before 3.1.31, are vulnerable to Information Exposure via the valueOf() function which allows to reproduce the last id generated.

Severity

CVSS Score: 5.5 / 10 (Medium)
Vector String: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

References

This data is provided by the GitHub Advisory Database (CC-BY 4.0).

nanoid: Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVE-2026-73086 / GHSA-xwg4-73v4-xw9w

More information

Details

Summary

An integer overflow in nanoid(size) permanently corrupts the process-wide CSPRNG pool, causing all subsequent ID generation to return the deterministic string "uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu". Any application that passes user-influenced values to the size parameter loses all randomness guarantees for session tokens, CSRF tokens, and unique identifiers until process restart.

Details

nanoid() at index.js:101 coerces the size parameter with size |= 0, which converts it to a signed 32-bit integer. When size >= 2^31 (e.g., 2147483648), this wraps to -2147483648.

The negative value is passed to fillPool() (index.js:15):

function fillPool(bytes) {
  if (!pool || pool.length < bytes) {       // false: pool exists, -2B < pool.length
    pool = Buffer.allocUnsafe(bytes * POOL_SIZE_MULTIPLIER)
    crypto.getRandomValues(pool)
    poolOffset = 0
  } else if (poolOffset + bytes > pool.length) {  // false: poolOffset + (-2B) < pool.length
    crypto.getRandomValues(pool)
    poolOffset = 0
  }
  poolOffset += bytes  // poolOffset += -2147483648 → deeply negative
}

Neither branch triggers, so the pool is never refreshed. poolOffset becomes ~-2.1 billion.

Subsequent nanoid() calls execute:

for (let i = poolOffset - size; i < poolOffset; i++) {
  id += scopedUrlAlphabet[pool[i] & 63]
}

pool[negative_index] returns undefined. undefined & 63 evaluates to 0. urlAlphabet[0] is 'u'. Every ID becomes "uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu".

The corruption is persistent — it affects all subsequent calls in the process until ~100 million calls eventually wrap poolOffset back to positive, or the process restarts.

PoC

import { nanoid } from 'nanoid'

// Step 1: Normal operation
console.log(nanoid())  // e.g., "V1StGXR8_Z5jdHi6B-myT"

// Step 2: Trigger overflow (e.g., from an API parameter)
try { nanoid(2147483648) } catch(e) {}

// Step 3: All subsequent IDs are deterministic
console.log(nanoid())  // "uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu"
console.log(nanoid())  // "uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu"
console.log(nanoid())  // "uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu"
// ... forever, process-wide

Run with: node --experimental-vm-modules poc.mjs

Attack scenario: Any API endpoint that accepts a user-controlled length/size parameter (URL shortener slug length, configurable token size, etc.) and passes it to nanoid(userInput).

Impact

Complete loss of ID unpredictability and uniqueness, process-wide, from a single request.

All session IDs, CSRF tokens, API keys, and database identifiers generated after the attack are identical and predictable
An attacker can predict all tokens issued to other users, enabling session hijacking and authentication bypass
The corruption is persistent (survives across requests) and affects all consumers of nanoid in the same process
No special privileges or preconditions required — a single unauthenticated request is sufficient
Affects any application that passes external input to the size parameter without validation

Severity

CVSS Score: 7.4 / 10 (High)
Vector String: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

References

This data is provided by the GitHub Advisory Database (CC-BY 4.0).

Release Notes

ai/nanoid (nanoid)

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Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor in nanoid

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nanoid: Integer Overflow or Wraparound

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renovate Bot commented Jul 14, 2023 •

edited

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