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Interview questions 1_Aug_2026
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DevOps/SRE interview questions document
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DevOps & SRE interview questions
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Kubernetes & DevOps interview questions
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Senior Cloud Engineer Interview Questions
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AI SRE & DevOps interview questions
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14 changes: 9 additions & 5 deletions 1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/69.31_JULY_2026.md
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# AWS & DevOps Interview Questions

## Introduction & Motivation

### Can you talk to us a little bit about why you're interested in joining Southwest Airlines?

### Can you talk to us about something that you've learned recently?

## AWS

### What are the three biggest AWS services that you use on a regular basis most often?

### What is one of the most important lessons you've learned from either IAM or EKS?
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## Kubernetes & Containers

### What are the three biggest AWS services that you use on a regular basis most often?

### What is one of the most important lessons you've learned from either IAM or EKS?

### What would go into the decision of choosing between Lambda, ECS, and EKS?

### Have you written Dockerfiles?
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### What guardrails do you put around AI-generated infrastructure or code?

### Can you tell me what kind of Python scripting you've done and how you've used it in your day-to-day work?
### Can you tell me what kind of Python scripting you've done and how you've used it in your day-to-day work?

## Final Questions

### What questions do you have for us?
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# GCP DevOps Interview Questions

## GCP IAM & Security

1. Do you know how IAM roles and IAM deny policies work?

2. Can you give scenarios for IAM roles and IAM deny policies?

3. How do IAM role bindings and IAM deny policies work?

4. How are IAM permissions inherited from the organization to folders, projects, and resources?

5. How would you give access to different teams such as Developers, Data Engineers, and HR in a GCP organization?

6. How would you separate access to resources for different departments?

7. If access is granted at the organization level but removed at the project level, will the user still be able to perform that action?

8. How do you work with Organization Policies?

9. What is the difference between IAM and Organization Policy?

10. How can Organization Policies be used as preventive controls?

## GCP VPC & Networking

1. How would you create two VPC networks in different regions that cannot communicate with each other?

2. How would you create a centralized network that can be used by multiple projects?

3. What is a Shared VPC?

4. If you create two subnets in different regions within the same VPC, can they communicate with each other?

5. How would you guarantee complete network isolation between two regions?

6. What is VPC Service Controls?

7. What does VPC Service Controls prevent?

8. What type of calls are prevented by VPC Service Controls?

9. If you create a GCS bucket, what happens when someone tries to read it from outside the VPC Service Controls perimeter?

10. When creating VPC Service Controls ingress and egress rules, what would be your target?

## GCP Serverless

1. Have you worked with serverless services on Google Cloud?

2. What is your experience with Cloud Run?

3. What is your experience with Cloud Functions?

4. When would you use Cloud Run?

5. When would you use Cloud Functions?

## GCP VM Access

1. How would you connect to a GCP VM without creating private and public SSH keys?

2. What is OS Login?

3. Why would you use IAP for VM access?

4. What does Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP) do?

5. What is the difference between OS Login and IAP?

6. If port 22 is already open, why would you use IAP?

7. How does OS Login control SSH access to a VM?

8. How does the VM know who you are when using OS Login?

9. How is the SSH key controlled by OS Login?

10. When using OS Login, do you need access to the service account attached to the VM?

11. What IAM permissions are required to SSH into a VM using OS Login?

## Terraform

1. How do you use Terraform in your GCP environment?

2. How do you manage Terraform infrastructure across different environments?

3. How do you secure Terraform deployments in a banking environment?
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# DevOps / SRE Interview Questions

## Introduction & Experience

1. Can you introduce yourself?

2. Why are you planning to move from your current organization?

3. Can you explain what you are currently doing in your organization?

4. Which cloud platform do you have experience with?

## Behavioral & Situational

1. Suppose you are on an incident call and two teams come to you with two different solutions. As a DevOps engineer, you need to choose only one. How would you manage the situation?

2. Suppose you are conducting a project meeting and two team members strongly disagree with your proposed solution. How would you communicate with them and explain your problem statement and solution?

## Kubernetes

1. Suppose microservices in an EKS cluster are repeatedly restarting and causing intermittent user impact. How would you investigate the issue?

2. How would you design infrastructure on Kubernetes for five micro frontends and 18 APIs with high availability, low latency, and optimized resource utilization?

3. How would you use separate node groups for frontend and backend workloads?

4. How would you expose multiple microservices using an Ingress Controller and an Application Load Balancer?

5. How would you configure custom subdomains to route to the correct internal Kubernetes services?

6. How would you configure TLS for an application exposed through Kubernetes Ingress?

7. What is a Kubernetes ServiceAccount?

8. How would you connect external tools to Kubernetes APIs using a ServiceAccount?

9. How do you create a token for a Kubernetes ServiceAccount?

10. What is the recommended way to generate ServiceAccount tokens in current Kubernetes versions?

## Observability & Monitoring

1. Have you worked with Splunk?

2. What are Splunk APM and Splunk RUM?

3. How would you implement full-stack observability using APM and RUM?

4. Suppose user login is intermittently failing. How would you diagnose the issue?

5. What metrics, logs, traces, and application components would you check while troubleshooting intermittent login failures?

## API Gateway & Request Flow

1. What is an API Gateway?

2. How does a request travel from an external user to an internal Kubernetes cluster?

3. How does DNS, the Application Load Balancer, Ingress, Kubernetes Service, and Pod work together in the request flow?

## Multi-Region AWS & Disaster Recovery

1. Suppose the same application is deployed in two EKS clusters across two regions, such as US East and US West. How would routing and failover work?

2. How would you configure Route 53 for multi-region traffic routing?

3. How would you implement health checks and automatic failover between two EKS regions?

4. What would happen if one region becomes unhealthy?

## CI/CD

1. Can you walk me through your CI/CD pipeline process?

2. What happens from the time a developer commits code until the application is deployed to EKS?

3. How do you integrate Git, Jenkins, Maven, SonarQube, Docker, ECR, Kubernetes, and Argo CD into a CI/CD pipeline?

4. What happens when the SonarQube quality gate fails?

5. How do you perform container vulnerability scanning in the CI/CD pipeline?

6. How does Argo CD deploy an updated application version to EKS?

7. How do you monitor a deployment after it is released?

8. What would you do if an issue is detected immediately after deployment?

## Terraform

1. Can you explain your Terraform project and what you worked on?

2. How did you use Terraform to manage AWS infrastructure?

3. How did you design reusable Terraform modules?

4. How did you manage Terraform infrastructure across development, QA, staging, and production environments?

5. Which AWS resources did you provision using Terraform?

6. Where did you store the Terraform state?

7. Why did you use an S3 bucket and DynamoDB for Terraform state management and locking?

8. How did you organize your Terraform code into modules?

9. What Terraform commands do you run before applying infrastructure changes?

## AWS Infrastructure & DevOps Design

1. Suppose you need to deploy a microservice in AWS. How would you design the infrastructure and DevOps workflow starting from a code commit?

2. How would you design the AWS infrastructure using Terraform for a production microservice?

3. How would you design the VPC, subnets, Internet Gateway, NAT Gateway, security groups, IAM roles, EKS, ECR, Application Load Balancer, Route 53, and CloudWatch for the application?

4. What would the complete workflow look like from a Git commit to deployment in EKS?

5. How would you integrate security and quality checks into the deployment workflow?

6. How would you handle application rollback if a deployment causes issues?
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