[CI] Publish updated cpp-jni images with Python 3.11

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Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

Apache Arrow raised Archery’s minimum Python version from 3.10 to 3.11 in #50411. However, the published cpp-jni images used by Arrow Java were built before that change and still contain:

CPYTHON_VERSION=cp310

Arrow Java uses these images as its Linux JNI build base and now fails while installing Archery with:

Python < 3.11 is not supported

Can a rebuild and publish of cpp-jni images from current main be triggered?

Examples of failing nightlies:
https://github.com/apache/arrow-java/actions/runs/36503888112/job/109200846963
https://github.com/apache/arrow-java/actions/runs/36363001854/job/108743814144

Component(s)

Continuous Integration

[kou]

Can we update the apache/arrow-java side instead?

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I've addressed this in apache/arrow-java in apache/arrow-java#1314. This seems to work but since the dependency was from images built on apache/arrow, I tried to ask here first.
If the fix in arrow-java is ok, we can close this issue

[kou]

Ah, sorry... You're right. I misunderstood this... apache/arrow should be fixed. I'll open a PR for this.

[kou]

#51666

[kou]

Issue resolved by pull request 51666
#51666