This project has been created as part of the 42 curriculum by aalemami.

42 C++ Modules (CPP 00–09)

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Description

This repository contains my solutions to the C++ Modules (CPP00 to CPP09) from the 42 School curriculum.

The modules guide the transition from procedural C programming to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++98, emphasizing memory management, the Orthodox Canonical Class Form, subtype polymorphism, template metaprogramming, and the Standard Template Library (STL).

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Curriculum Breakdown

Core OOP (CPP 00 – CPP 04)

• CPP00: Namespaces, classes, member functions, stdio streams, initialization lists, static, const.
• CPP01: Dynamic allocation (new/delete), references, pointers to members, file streams.
• CPP02: Ad-hoc polymorphism, operator overloading, fixed-point arithmetic, and the Orthodox Canonical Class Form.
• CPP03: Single and multiple inheritance, constructor chaining, diamond problem resolution.
• CPP04: Subtype polymorphism, abstract base classes, pure virtual functions, and interface definitions.

Advanced Concepts (CPP 05 – CPP 09)

• CPP05: Exception handling mechanisms and nested exception classes.
• CPP06: C++ type casting (static_cast, dynamic_cast, reinterpret_cast, const_cast) and type serialization.
• CPP07: Function templates, class templates, and template specialization.
• CPP08: Templated STL containers, iterators, and generic algorithm functions.
• CPP09: Practical algorithmic applications of STL containers (Reverse Polish Notation, Ford-Johnson merge-insert sort with Jacobsthal sequences, Bitcoin exchange lookup).

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Rules and Standards

• Standard: C++98
• Compiler / Flags: c++ -Wall -Wextra -Werror -std=c++98
• Orthodox Canonical Class Form: Strictly implemented for all classes from Module 02 onward:
  1. Default constructor
  2. Copy constructor
  3. Copy assignment operator
  4. Destructor (virtual in base classes)

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Compilation and Execution

Each exercise directory contains an independent Makefile. To build and execute any module:

cd c00/ex01
make
./phonebook

Clean build artifacts:

make clean   # Remove object files
make fclean  # Remove object files and binary
make re      # Full rebuild

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Resources

• cppreference.com — C++ language and standard library reference.
• C++ Primer (5th Edition) — Foundational reference for object-oriented C++.

AI Usage

AI tools were used as a development reference for:

• Clarifying subtleties of C++98 template syntax and container iterator traits.
• Reviewing Jacobsthal grouping intervals for the Ford-Johnson sorting algorithm in Module 09.
• Verifying Orthodox Canonical Form completeness across class hierarchies.