Apply filters to arecord recordings

[alexbelgium]

Summary

• pipe PulseAudio recordings from arecord through ffmpeg to apply configured high- and low-pass filters
• retain card selection and segmented output while honoring channel settings

Testing

• not run (not requested)

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Codex Task

[gemini-code-assist]

Summary of Changes

Hello @alexbelgium, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request enhances the audio recording system by integrating real-time high-pass and low-pass filtering capabilities. By routing arecord output through ffmpeg, users can now apply custom frequency filters to their recordings, which can be configured via a web-based interface. This change aims to provide more control over audio input quality, potentially improving the accuracy of subsequent audio analysis, while ensuring a seamless experience with existing recording features.

Highlights

• Audio Filtering for Recordings: Introduced the capability to apply high-pass and low-pass audio filters to recordings captured via arecord.
• FFmpeg Integration: Recordings are now piped through ffmpeg to apply the configured filters, ensuring existing card selection and segmented output functionalities are maintained.
• Configurable Filters: Added new configuration options and a web interface in scripts/advanced.php to enable/disable and set cutoff frequencies for both high-pass and low-pass filters.
• Configuration Management: New filter settings are managed within the birdnet.conf file, with default values and update logic added to installation and update scripts.

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[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request adds a useful audio filtering feature for recordings. The changes correctly implement the arecord to ffmpeg pipeline to apply these filters. My review includes suggestions to improve maintainability by reducing code duplication in both the PHP and shell scripts. I've also identified and provided a fix for a potential Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability and an accessibility issue in the new UI elements.