Include Georgia funding for reduced-price school meals

changelog.d/ga-school-meal-copays.fixed.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Model Georgia's funding of both reduced-price school meal copays from school year 2023-24 through school year 2026-27.

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/usda/school_meals/state_covers_reduced_price_copay.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 description: States provide breakfast and lunch at no cost to students eligible for reduced-price meals under the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program if this is true.
 # Every jurisdiction with a true entry below is verified against the cited law.
-# Georgia and Virginia are intentionally false (see their entries). North Dakota students in the
+# Virginia stays false as a modeling choice (see its entry). North Dakota students in the
 # reduced-price band are covered through state_free_income_limit from July 1,
 # 2023 to June 30, 2027, and Oregon students in that band are also covered
 # through it from July 1, 2021. Coverage of only one meal is in
@@ -208,13 +208,50 @@ DE:
 FL:
   0000-01-01: false
 GA:
-  # Georgia stays false for now, by reviewer decision. It has no statute and
-  # funds reduced-price breakfast and lunch at no charge only through annual
-  # budget items: FY2025 (HB 916, Act 709, program 24.13, line 1871,
-  # https://opb.georgia.gov/document/appropriations-bills/hb-916-fy-2025-appropriations-bill/download#page=66),
-  # FY2026 (HB 68, item 155.4) and FY2027 (HB 974, program 24.13). Encoding
-  # them would cover 2024-07-01 to 2027-06-30.
   0000-01-01: false
+  # GaDOE used federal ESSER funds for both copays in SY2023-24, then
+  # state appropriations from FY2025 through FY2027. Date the first year
+  # from July 1 under 7 CFR 210.2; the annual formula first applies it in
+  # 2024. The last enacted allocation ends June 30, 2027.
+  2023-07-01:
+    value: true
+    metadata:
+      reference:
+        - title: Georgia Department of Audits and Accounts, FY2024 Audit Updates, May 2, 2024, School Nutrition Supplement, slide 86
+          href: https://gagains.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/GAINS-2024-Final-DOAA.pdf#page=86
+        - title: Houston County School District, Elementary School Handbook 2023-2024, Lunch and Breakfast Program
+          href: https://content.myconnectsuite.com/api/documents/5c99a830aac74fd7aaac6bfedd1b0ca0#page=27
+        - title: 7 CFR 210.2, school year definition
+          href: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-7/section-210.2
+  2024-07-01:
+    value: true
+    metadata:
+      reference:
+        - title: Georgia HB 916, FY2025 Appropriations Act, program 24.13, line 1871
+          href: https://opb.georgia.gov/document/appropriations-bills/hb-916-fy-2025-appropriations-bill/download#page=66
+  2025-07-01:
+    value: true
+    metadata:
+      reference:
+        - title: Georgia HB 68, FY2026 Appropriations Act, item 155.4
+          href: https://opb.georgia.gov/document/appropriations-bills-prior-years/hb-68-fy-2026-appropriations-bill/download#page=106
+        - title: Georgia State Auditor fiscal note for LC 49 2461, January 9, 2026
+          href: https://opb.georgia.gov/document/fiscal-notes-2026/lc-49-2461/download#page=1
+  2026-07-01:
+    value: true
+    metadata:
+      reference:
+        - title: Georgia HB 974, FY2027 Appropriations Act, program 24.13
+          href: https://opb.georgia.gov/document/appropriations-bills-current-year/hb-974-fy-2027-appropriations-bill/download#page=75
+        - title: Atlanta Public Schools, school year 2026-2027 meal prices
+          href: https://www.atlantapublicschools.us/about/departments/operations/nutrition
+  # The FY2027 appropriation ends June 30, 2027.
+  2027-07-01:
+    value: false
+    metadata:
+      reference:
+        - title: Georgia HB 974, FY2027 Appropriations Act, program 24.13
+          href: https://opb.georgia.gov/document/appropriations-bills-current-year/hb-974-fy-2027-appropriations-bill/download#page=75
 GU:
   0000-01-01: false
 HI:

policyengine_us/programs.yaml

@@ -133,6 +133,12 @@ programs:
         effective: 2024-07-01
         notes: Both-meal copay coverage at public district and charter schools from SY2024-25; free breakfast for all students at public schools in the School Breakfast Program from SY2025-26, excluding CEP and Provision 1-3 schools.
         reference: 84 Del. Laws c. 317 (14 Del. C. § 4137A); 85 Del. Laws c. 110 (14 Del. C. § 4137C); 85 Del. Laws c. 65, § 33
+      - state: GA
+        status: complete
+        name: Georgia reduced-price meal copay coverage
+        effective: 2023-07-01
+        notes: GaDOE funds both copays with federal ESSER funds in SY2023-24 and state appropriations from FY2025 through FY2027, ending June 30, 2027. The annual formula applies coverage in calendar years 2024 through 2027.
+        reference: Georgia Department of Audits and Accounts, FY2024 Audit Updates, slide 86; HB 916 (FY2025), program 24.13, line 1871; HB 68 (FY2026), item 155.4; HB 974 (FY2027), program 24.13
       - state: HI
         status: complete
         name: Hawaii reduced-price meal copay coverage and expanded free meals

policyengine_us/tests/core/test_ga_school_meal_copay_invariants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""Check Georgia's funded copays and the households outside their scope.
+
+GaDOE pays both copays with federal ESSER funds in SY2023-24, then state
+appropriations under HB 916 (FY2025), program 24.13, line 1871; HB 68
+(FY2026), item 155.4; and HB 974 (FY2027), program 24.13. Date the school
+year from July 1 under 7 CFR 210.2. The annual formulas read January 1,
+so coverage changes 2024 through 2027.
+
+Each draw puts Georgia households beside identical Alabama, Florida and
+North Carolina households in one simulation per year. Generated incomes
+include the federal boundaries and preserve categorical eligibility.
+One system serves every example. Parameter checks cover each fiscal start
+and the enacted end directly, including July dates that annual formulas
+cannot distinguish.
+"""
+
+from itertools import product
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+from hypothesis import HealthCheck, given, settings
+from hypothesis import strategies as st
+from policyengine_core.parameters.operations.get_parameter import get_parameter
+
+from policyengine_us import Simulation
+
+YEARS = (2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028)
+STATES = ("GA", "AL", "FL", "NC")
+TIERS = (
+    "school_meal_tier",
+    "school_meal_breakfast_tier",
+    "school_meal_lunch_tier",
+)
+BOUNDARY_INCOMES = (12_999, 13_000, 13_001, 18_499, 18_500, 18_501)
+FPG = 10_000
+FREE_LIMIT = 13_000
+REDUCED_LIMIT = 18_500
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
+def school_meal_system():
+    return Simulation.default_tax_benefit_system_instance
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "date, expected",
+    (
+        ("2023-06-30", False),
+        ("2023-07-01", True),
+        ("2024-06-30", True),
+        ("2024-07-01", True),
+        ("2025-06-30", True),
+        ("2025-07-01", True),
+        ("2026-06-30", True),
+        ("2026-07-01", True),
+        ("2027-06-30", True),
+        ("2027-07-01", False),
+    ),
+)
+def test_fiscal_funding_boundaries(school_meal_system, date, expected):
+    parameter = get_parameter(
+        school_meal_system.parameters,
+        "gov.usda.school_meals.state_covers_reduced_price_copay.GA",
+    )
+    assert bool(parameter(date)) == expected
+
+
+def _situation(incomes, children, year):
+    people, spm_units, households = {}, {}, {}
+    records = []
+    for index, (income, categorical, state) in enumerate(
+        product(incomes, (False, True), STATES)
+    ):
+        parent = f"parent_{index}"
+        people[parent] = {"age": {year: 35}, "is_in_k12_school": {year: False}}
+        members = [parent]
+        for child_index in range(children):
+            name = f"child_{index}_{child_index}"
+            people[name] = {
+                "age": {year: 10},
+                "is_in_k12_school": {year: True},
+            }
+            members.append(name)
+        spm_units[f"unit_{index}"] = {
+            "members": members,
+            "spm_unit_fpg": {year: FPG},
+            "school_meal_countable_income": {year: income},
+            "meets_school_meal_categorical_eligibility": {year: categorical},
+        }
+        households[f"household_{index}"] = {
+            "members": members,
+            "state_code": {year: state},
+        }
+        records.append((income, categorical, state))
+    return {"people": people, "spm_units": spm_units, "households": households}, records
+
+
+def _expected_tier(income, categorical, copays):
+    if categorical or income <= FREE_LIMIT:
+        return "FREE"
+    if income > REDUCED_LIMIT:
+        return "PAID"
+    return "FREE" if copays else "REDUCED"
+
+
+def _check(incomes, children, system):
+    incomes = sorted(set((*BOUNDARY_INCOMES, *incomes)))
+    for year in YEARS:
+        situation, records = _situation(incomes, children, year)
+        simulation = Simulation(situation=situation, tax_benefit_system=system)
+        results = {
+            name: simulation.calculate(name, year).decode_to_str() for name in TIERS
+        }
+        net = np.asarray(simulation.calculate("school_meal_net_subsidy", year))
+        meal_parameters = system.parameters(f"{year}-01-01").gov.usda.school_meals
+        rates = meal_parameters.amount
+        paid = rates.sbp.CONTIGUOUS_US.PAID + rates.nslp.CONTIGUOUS_US.PAID
+        control_results = {}
+        for index, (income, categorical, state) in enumerate(records):
+            ga_coverage = state == "GA" and 2024 <= year <= 2027
+            # North Carolina already covers both copays throughout these years.
+            old_tier = _expected_tier(income, categorical, state == "NC")
+            tier = _expected_tier(income, categorical, ga_coverage or state == "NC")
+            for name in TIERS:
+                assert results[name][index] == tier, (year, state, income, name)
+            intended_change = (
+                ga_coverage and not categorical and FREE_LIMIT < income <= REDUCED_LIMIT
+            )
+            assert (tier != old_tier) == intended_change
+            daily = (
+                rates.sbp.CONTIGUOUS_US[tier] + rates.nslp.CONTIGUOUS_US[tier] - paid
+            )
+            np.testing.assert_allclose(
+                net[index],
+                children * meal_parameters.school_days * daily,
+                atol=0.01,
+                rtol=0,
+            )
+            control_results[income, categorical, state] = (tier, net[index])
+
+        for income, categorical in product(incomes, (False, True)):
+            ga_tier, ga_net = control_results[income, categorical, "GA"]
+            fl_tier, fl_net = control_results[income, categorical, "FL"]
+            if 2024 <= year <= 2027:
+                assert ga_net >= fl_net - 0.01
+                if categorical or income <= FREE_LIMIT or income > REDUCED_LIMIT:
+                    assert ga_tier == fl_tier
+                    np.testing.assert_allclose(ga_net, fl_net, atol=0.01, rtol=0)
+            else:
+                assert ga_tier == fl_tier
+                np.testing.assert_allclose(ga_net, fl_net, atol=0.01, rtol=0)
+
+        generosity = {"FREE": 2, "REDUCED": 1, "PAID": 0}
+        for categorical, state in product((False, True), STATES):
+            scores = [
+                generosity[control_results[income, categorical, state][0]]
+                for income in incomes
+            ]
+            assert all(left >= right for left, right in zip(scores, scores[1:]))
+
+
+@given(
+    incomes=st.lists(st.integers(0, 40_000), min_size=1, max_size=4),
+    children=st.integers(1, 3),
+)
+@settings(
+    max_examples=6,
+    deadline=None,
+    derandomize=True,
+    suppress_health_check=[HealthCheck.too_slow],
+)
+def test_copay_scope_and_income_monotonicity(school_meal_system, incomes, children):
+    _check(incomes, children, school_meal_system)