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Make folding exact for GPTQ'd GGML weights, so the vLLM fake-quant export evaluates them - #2710

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@cjluo-nv cjluo-nv commented Oct 8, 2026 •

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What does this PR do?

Type of change: bug fix, documentation

Goal: evaluate GGML-quantized models (IQ formats, Q8_0) in vLLM, which has no GGML kernels. --vllm_fakequant_export already does this. It folds each weight quantizer into the weight and writes a plain BF16 Hugging Face checkpoint with no quantization config, which a stock vLLM image serves as an ordinary model. Its extra vllm_fq_modelopt_state.pth is read only by the fake-quant launcher.

The bug: folding was wrong for GGML weights that GPTQ calibrated, which covers every built-in IQ recipe.

  • Both fold paths, mtq.fold_weight and the vLLM fake-quant export, quantize a float32 copy of the weight.
  • A BF16 weight holds the pinned payload's decoding rounded to BF16, so that float32 copy never matched the payload GPTQ pinned.
  • The fold therefore re-encoded the weight and folded in different codes: GPTQ's output quantized a second time, rounding to nearest.
  • On Qwen3-0.6B with the iq2_xxs recipe, this raised vLLM perplexity from 42.2 to 72.0.

Changes:

  • Exact folding: the GGML pinned-payload lookup also matches a float32 weight against the decoding rounded through BF16 or FP16. Folding a GPTQ'd weight now decodes GPTQ's codes; it doesn't re-encode, and is faster as a result.
  • Packed export fix: GPTQ's pinned payload was also written into the packed export's state dict as a stray *.weight_quantizer._ggml_pinned_<format> tensor per layer, which loaders reject. It's now filtered out.
  • Docs: --vllm_fakequant_export is documented as the way to evaluate GGML checkpoints in vLLM.

An earlier revision of this PR added a separate upcast_ggml export option. As review pointed out, folding is the more general mechanism, so that option is gone. The same evaluation now goes through the existing fake-quant export, and the fix above makes folding exact for every caller.

Usage

python examples/hf_ptq/hf_ptq.py --pyt_ckpt_path <model> --recipe general/ptq/iq2_xxs \
    --export_path <dir> --vllm_fakequant_export
vllm serve <dir>   # stock vLLM image, no quantization argument

Testing

  • New unit test, test_folding_a_bf16_weight_decodes_the_pinned_payload: real GPTQ on a BF16 IQ1_S layer, after which both fold paths reproduce GPTQ's payload exactly. It fails without the fix.
  • New unit test, test_export_drops_the_payload_gptq_pinned: runs for all six GGML formats and fails without the skip-key fix.
  • Folding check: folding now matches the decoded packed payload exactly for IQ2_XXS and Q8_0, with and without a pinned payload. Before the fix, 97.9% of pinned IQ2_XXS weights differed.
  • End to end (Qwen3-0.6B, iq2_xxs recipe, RTX PRO 6000): hf_ptq.py --vllm_fakequant_export, then a stock vllm/vllm-openai:v0.30.0 container with no modelopt installed.
    • Checkpoint: config.json (Qwen3ForCausalLM, no quantization_config), BF16 safetensors with an index, and the tokenizer files.
    • Serving: vllm serve serves it and answers completions.
    • Accuracy: with the same calibration on the same GPU, vLLM perplexity is 42.19 with the fix and 72.0 without. 42.19 is identical to decoding GPTQ's packed payload.
  • Memory: peak extra GPU memory of the pinned-payload lookup for a 17408×5120 weight is 256 MiB for a BF16 weight and 510 MiB for the float32 copy folding passes. Before this PR it was 510 MiB and 1700 MiB, and the float32 copy didn't match at all. Matching row slices (Megatron's gate/up split) now hashes rows a column chunk at a time, with bit-identical keys. For the gate half of a fused 34816×5120 weight, that path drops from 3060 to 597 MiB (BF16) and from 3400 to 1107 MiB (float32 export dtype).
  • Unit suites: tests/unit/torch/export plus the GGML quantization tests give 514 passed, 3 failed. The 3 failures are test_export_diffusers.py tests that fail the same way on main in this environment.
  • Pre-commit: passes.

Before your PR is "Ready for review"

  • Is this change backward compatible?: ✅
  • If you copied code from any other sources or added a new PIP dependency, did you follow guidance in CONTRIBUTING.md: N/A
  • Did you write any new necessary tests?: ✅
  • Did you update Changelog?: N/A (GPTQ for the GGML formats, where both bugs live, is unreleased)
  • Did you get Claude approval on this PR?: ❌ (pending)

Additional Information

Follows #2665 (GPTQ for GGML formats). Related: #2731 fixes an FSDP2 export deadlock found while testing an earlier revision of this PR.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • GGML-quantized models can be exported as plain BF16 checkpoints for serving with a stock vLLM image, including weight-only formats such as IQ and Q8_0.
    • Fake-quant exports preserve decoded GGML weight values across BF16 and FP16 precision conversions, including GPTQ-selected values.
  • Documentation

    • Updated export and deployment guidance to clarify which vLLM serving paths support these exports.

@cjluo-nv
cjluo-nv requested review from a team as code owners October 8, 2026 16:54
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cjluo-nv requested a review from Edwardf0t1 October 8, 2026 16:54
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Walkthrough

The change updates GGML pinned-payload matching for weights rounded through narrower dtypes. It also filters pinned-payload keys during export and updates export guidance and tests.

Changes

GGML pinned-weight export

Layer / File(s) Summary
Match pinned payloads after dtype rounding
modelopt/torch/quantization/ggml/common.py, tests/unit/torch/quantization/test_ggml_gptq.py
_pinned_rows checks candidate decodings against weights, including float32 weights rounded through BF16 and FP16. The GPTQ folding test checks that folding preserves the BF16-decoded value.
Filter pinned keys during export
modelopt/torch/export/quant_utils.py, tests/unit/torch/export/test_export_weight.py, docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst, examples/hf_ptq/README.md
Export postprocessing skips keys containing _ggml_pinned_. The export test checks that only weight remains. The documentation describes the GGML export and serving paths.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 2 (Simple) | ~10 minutes

Change: Bug fix

Suggested reviewers: meenchen


Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 3ff90

The change fixes GGML pinned-payload folding for BF16 and FP16 weights and filters pinned keys from exports. No actionable merge-blocking risk remains.

Pre-merge checks | Passed 5 | Failed 1

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Security Anti-Patterns Passed PASS. The pull request changes only two Python files under the reviewed scopes: modelopt/torch/export/quant_utils.py and modelopt/torch/quantization/ggml/common.py. The added code contains no `tor…
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Title check Passed The title clearly describes the main change: making GPTQ-calibrated GGML weight folding exact for vLLM fake-quant export evaluation.

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Inline comments:
Review comments at @docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst:
- Around line 95-96: Qualify the plain-checkpoint claims to account for non-GGML
quantizers: in docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst lines 95-96, state that
only GGML layers become plain weights and mixed-format checkpoints may remain
quantized; in CHANGELOG.rst line 17, replace the unconditional no-configuration
claim with one limited to GGML layers; and in examples/hf_ptq/README.md line
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Review comments at @examples/hf_ptq/hf_ptq.py:
- Line 719: Validate `args.upcast_ggml` before calibration and reject `bf16`
when `sparsity_fmt` selects the TensorRT-LLM exporter or the
speculative-decoding early export branch cannot apply the upcast; alternatively,
pass the option through each route so every accepted combination produces a
BF16-upcast checkpoint.

Review comments at @examples/hf_ptq/README.md:
- Line 650: Update the vLLM example near the GGML upcast note so readers can
load a fully upcast checkpoint without forced quantization: show a separate LLM
invocation using the exported model path with no quantization argument, or make
clear that the existing quantization="modelopt" setting must be omitted for this
workflow.

Review comments at @modelopt/torch/export/unified_export_hf.py:
- Around line 1891-1894: Update the GGML weight decode and copy flow before
quantizer.disable() so BF16-decoded values are stored in BF16 without first
being converted through FP16; alternatively, reject incompatible weight storage
dtypes before modifying the model.

Review comments at @tests/unit/torch/export/test_unified_export_hf.py:
- Line 1127: Move the export_hf_checkpoint import from inside the test to the
file-level imports in test_unified_export_hf.py, so import errors surface during
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Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 78.26%. Comparing base (1e56773) to head (72303f4).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2710      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   69.46%   78.26%   +8.79%     
==========================================
  Files         647      647              
  Lines       71679    71692      +13     
==========================================
+ Hits        49794    56111    +6317     
+ Misses      21885    15581    -6304     
Flag Coverage Δ
examples-diffusers 20.29% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-gpt-oss 13.54% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-hf_ptq 23.39% <45.45%> (-0.03%) ⬇️
examples-llm_distill 13.63% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-llm_eval 17.34% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-llm_qat 17.64% <4.54%> (-0.01%) ⬇️
examples-llm_sparsity 15.87% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-megatron_bridge 26.71% <4.54%> (-0.14%) ⬇️
examples-specdec_bench 13.32% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-speculative_decoding 17.62% <4.54%> (-0.06%) ⬇️
examples-torch_onnx 21.67% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-torch_trt 15.31% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
examples-vllm_serve 13.99% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
gpu 59.16% <50.00%> (+37.43%) ⬆️
regression 15.17% <4.54%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️
unit 59.89% <100.00%> (+<0.01%) ⬆️

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Bot review (gpt-6.1-sol) — DM the bot to share feedback.

Changes requested: the upcast path can silently discard activation quantization and does not guarantee BF16 weight storage.

Needs action:

  • Preserve GGML export validation before disabling weight quantizers in unified_export_hf.py; reject unsupported activation quantizers and pre-quant scales, with regression tests.
  • Make upcast_ggml="bf16" produce BF16 tensors, or explicitly reject incompatible source/export dtypes; test FP16 and FP32 inputs.
  • Add automated offload-writeback and FSDP2 export coverage, including pinned GPTQ payloads; record a real stock-vLLM load before claiming runtime compatibility.

No action needed:

  • The design reuses the existing GGML registry and weight-access utilities; stock-vLLM evaluation distinguishes it from the plugin-dependent fake-quant exporter.
  • Existing test assertions remain intact; the skip-key regression test covers the packed-export fix.

weight.data.copy_(
ggml_format.dequantize(packed_weight, torch.tensor(weight.shape), dtype=dtype)
)
quantizer.disable()

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Validate the existing GGML export restrictions before disabling this quantizer. get_quantization_format currently rejects GGML layers with enabled input quantizers or AWQ-style pre_quant_scale. This pass bypasses that validation; after disable(), format detection returns NONE, the handler skips packing/scales, and the checkpoint silently loses activation quantization (or retains unsupported scale metadata). Reject these combinations before mutation, or implement their folding/metadata explicitly, and add regression tests.

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Fixed in f348372. The packed export's GGML checks (backend, enabled input quantizer, AWQ pre_quant_scale) moved into validate_ggml_layer, which get_quantization_format and the upcast both call. The upcast runs it on every GGML weight before disabling any quantizer, so a refusal leaves the model unchanged. test_upcast_ggml_refuses_a_layer_before_changing_any covers both cases and fails on the previous commit.

continue
ggml_format = GGML_FORMAT_REGISTRY[quantizer.num_bits]
packed_weight = ggml_format.pack(weight, quantizer)
weight.data.copy_(

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copy_ converts the BF16 decode back to the destination parameter's original dtype; it does not change its storage dtype. An FP16 or FP32 model therefore exports these weights as FP16/FP32 despite requesting upcast_ggml="bf16". FP16 can additionally overflow BF16-decoded values. Define the source/export dtype policy and ensure the emitted tensor is BF16 (including offload/FSDP writeback), or reject unsupported dtype combinations. The current tests only use BF16 parameters and cannot detect this.

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Fixed in f348372. upcast_ggml="bf16" now requires the GGML weights to be stored in BF16 and rejects FP16 and FP32 before changing anything. In-place conversion is not possible for fused-expert slices or the offload/FSDP2 write-backs. The docs say the weights must be BF16, and the new test covers FP16 and FP32.

if ".mlp." in name and not name.endswith(".mlp.gate.weight"):
expected = q8_0.dequantize(*q8_0.quantize(expected), dtype=expected.dtype)
assert torch.equal(param, expected), name

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The feature promises resident, accelerate-offloaded and FSDP2 behavior, but checked-in coverage only exercises resident CPU models; the PR also reports no actual vLLM load. Add real offloaded export/writeback and multi-rank FSDP2 tests in the appropriate test directories, comparing emitted weights against the decoded pinned GPTQ payload. A stock-vLLM smoke load would validate the runtime-facing claim beyond Transformers reload.

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Partly addressed in f348372. test_upcast_ggml_writes_back_an_offloaded_weight covers the offload write-back with and without a GPTQ-pinned payload; the pinned case makes the encoder raise to prove the pinned codes are used. Stock vLLM (v0.30.0, no quantization argument) loads both upcast checkpoints with quantization=None, and its perplexity matches transformers' on the same files: Qwen3-0.6B iq2_xxs+GPTQ 45.50 vs 45.57, Qwen3.8-27B q8_0 3.266 vs 3.262 (BF16 baseline 3.267). Full results are in the PR description. Postponed: multi-rank FSDP2 coverage, left as a TODO in the test file, and a checked-in vLLM load test.

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Inline comments:
Review comments at @modelopt/torch/export/unified_export_hf.py:
- Line 1906: Update the `upcast_ggml` flow around `weight_dtype` to handle
grouped-expert `GroupedQuantizer` layouts before accessing `getattr(module,
weight_name).dtype`. Use the actual `weight0..N` attributes when available, or
reject the unsupported layout with a clear error before mutating the module.

Review comments at @tests/unit/torch/export/test_export_weight.py:
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Bot review (gpt-6.1-sol) — DM the bot to share feedback.

Changes requested: the grouped-expert dtype access remains broken, and the previously requested multi-rank FSDP2 coverage is still missing.

Needs action:

  • Fix grouped-expert validation in unified_export_hf.py to inspect actual weight0..N parameters, or reject the layout explicitly before mutation; add a regression test.
  • 💬 Author added offload/pinned-payload tests and reported stock-vLLM loads — still add multi-rank upcast export coverage in tests/gpu/torch/export/test_fsdp2_export.py, including pinned GPTQ payloads.
  • Document the optional-dependency reason for local Accelerate imports in test_export_weight.py.

No action needed:

  • ✔️ Resolved validation bypass, FP16/FP32 storage handling, unsupported CLI routes, mixed-format documentation, vLLM invocation guidance, and file-scope export imports. Offload writeback is now tested and stock-vLLM smoke results are reported.
  • The design reuses the GGML registry and weight-access utilities; the body distinguishes stock-vLLM evaluation from packed export and plugin-dependent fake-quant export.
  • Existing test assertions remain intact.

validate_ggml_layer(weight_quantizer, input_quantizer)
# Fused-expert slices and the offload and FSDP2 writebacks keep the stored dtype, so
# the decoded values can only be written to a weight already stored in ``dtype``.
weight_dtype = getattr(module, weight_name).dtype

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Bot comment.

The previous grouped-expert concern is still present. weight_attr_names() deliberately yields the sentinel "weight" for a GroupedQuantizer, while _QuantTEGroupedLinear stores only weight0..N. Consequently this getattr raises AttributeError for a GGML grouped layer. Validate the actual expert parameters and corresponding quantizers, or explicitly reject this layout with NotImplementedError before any mutation. Add a regression test covering the missing weight attribute.

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Fixed in 0146890. The upcast now refuses a GGML weight that is not stored under the name weight_attr_names reports, raising NotImplementedError before any weight changes. That covers a grouped layout such as TEGroupedLinear's weight0..N. test_upcast_ggml_refuses_a_grouped_layout uses a TEGroupedLinear stand-in; without the guard it reproduces the AttributeError. (TE grouped layers only appear in Megatron models, which export through the Megatron exporter rather than export_hf_checkpoint, so this is defensive.)

carried = read_unplaced_weights(model)
assert key in carried, "recorded keys must still carry when the structural pass is unavailable"


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Bot comment.

The offload writeback test and reported stock-vLLM loads address those parts of the prior critical coverage request, but a TODO does not resolve multi-rank FSDP2 coverage. Add a test in tests/gpu/torch/export/test_fsdp2_export.py that calls the public upcast exporter on at least two ranks and compares emitted BF16 weights against decoded payloads, including a GPTQ-pinned case. Verify configuration omission and writeback after reshard/unshard, not just in-window values.

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Added in 0146890: test_fsdp2_upcast_ggml_matches_reference in tests/gpu/torch/export/test_fsdp2_export.py. On 2 ranks it checks that the sharded upcast, gathered again after the reshard, equals the decode of a single-process packed export, both with real encoding and with GPTQ-pinned payloads (with the encoder disabled). It also checks that the GGML layers drop out of get_quant_config. It passes in CI's image (pytorch:26.05) on 2x RTX PRO 6000, and fails if the upcast's writeback is disabled.

It calls the upcast directly rather than export_hf_checkpoint because the FSDP2 export path deadlocked at world > 1 on main. The existing test_fsdp2_streaming_export_matches_reference[nvfp4|fp8] time out in the nightly 2-GPU job for the same reason. #2731 fixes that deadlock; once it lands, this test can go through the public exporter and also check the written checkpoint.

"""The decoded values reach the offloaded copy; a payload GPTQ pinned is decoded, not redone."""
pytest.importorskip("accelerate")
from accelerate.hooks import AlignDevicesHook, add_hook_to_module
from accelerate.utils import set_module_tensor_to_device

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Bot comment.

Accelerate is optional, so these local imports are reasonable. The previous minor comment remains unaddressed: add a brief comment explaining that the imports stay local so pytest.importorskip("accelerate") can skip when the optional dependency is absent.

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Fixed in 0146890: a comment now notes the imports stay local so pytest.importorskip can skip the test when the optional accelerate is missing.

Comment thread examples/hf_ptq/hf_ptq.py Outdated
Comment on lines +1369 to +1378
parser.add_argument(
"--upcast_ggml",
default=None,
choices=["bf16"],
help=(
"Export GGML-quantized weights (IQ formats, Q8_0) as the values their packed blocks "
"decode to in this dtype, rather than as the blocks, so runtimes without GGML kernels "
"such as vLLM can evaluate the checkpoint."
),
)

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How does this differ from weight folding? and is there a way to generalize this to other formats?

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Good call. Folding is the better mechanism, so f2d9b80 drops upcast_ggml in favor of it. --vllm_fakequant_export already writes a plain BF16 Hugging Face checkpoint with no quantization config, which a stock vLLM image (v0.30.0, no modelopt) serves directly.

One bug kept folding from being enough for GGML. Both fold paths (mtq.fold_weight and the vLLM fake-quant export) quantize a float32 copy of the weight. For a BF16 weight that GPTQ calibrated, that copy never matched the payload GPTQ pinned, so it was re-encoded with different codes. On Qwen3-0.6B with iq2_xxs, that cost vLLM perplexity 72.0 versus 42.2.

The pinned-payload lookup now also matches the decoding rounded through BF16 or FP16. With that, the fake-quant export gives the same 42.19 as the removed upcast. Other formats already fold exactly, so this covers any weight-only format.

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Bot review.

Re-reviewed f348372. The shared GGML preflight validation and rejection of non-BF16 source weights address the previous validation and dtype findings. The new pinned-payload and CPU-offload tests are useful additions.

Posting two additional reproduced P2 findings inline: mutation of unquantized consumers of tied weights, and unbounded host-memory retention during disk-offloaded upcasting.

Validation: 311 tests passed and 1 skipped across the focused export/GGML suites on CPU with Transformers 5.13, plus targeted tied-weight export/reload and Accelerate disk-offload probes. I did not locally rerun multi-rank FSDP2 or vLLM; the author's reported vLLM results are separate from this validation.

continue
ggml_format = GGML_FORMAT_REGISTRY[quantizer.num_bits]
packed_weight = ggml_format.pack(weight, quantizer)
weight.data.copy_(

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Bot comment.

[P2] Preserve unquantized consumers of a shared weight

This in-place write also changes any other module sharing the Parameter. For a BF16 Llama with tie_word_embeddings=True and Q8_0 enabled only on lm_head, the embedding should continue using the original weights while the head uses their GGML decode. Upcasting the head here overwrites the embedding too. Export/reload succeeds because both tied names now contain the same changed values, so the later tied-weight mismatch check cannot catch it.

I reproduced this on the current head with a resident tiny Llama: embedding weights changed by up to 0.000244140625 and logits by 0.00244140625 versus the pre-export fake-quant model. Please reject incompatible shared-weight consumers before mutation, or separate the exported weights and update the tie metadata accordingly. Add a tied embedding/lm_head regression test; this does not require FSDP2.

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The upcast pass this refers to was removed in f2d9b80. Evaluating GGML checkpoints in vLLM now goes through the existing --vllm_fakequant_export (see the reply on hf_ptq.py and the PR description), so this in-place write no longer exists.

)

for module in ggml_modules:
with enable_weight_access_and_writeback(module, model, names):

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Bot comment.

[P2] Keep disk-offloaded upcasting bounded in host memory

This writeback is not disk-backed: the Accelerate writeback helper puts each modified disk-offloaded weight into OffloadedWeightsLoader.state_dict as a CPU tensor. Since this loop finishes for the whole model before export dispatches to the streaming writer, every upcast GGML weight remains resident in host RAM, even after the module's Parameter returns to meta.

With three disk-offloaded 512x512 BF16 linears, the CPU backing dictionary grows from 0 to 1,572,864 bytes—the full size of all three weights—after this pass. A model offloaded to disk because it exceeds host memory can therefore OOM before streaming starts. Please decode/write each layer within the streaming export without retaining its CPU copy, implement bounded disk-backed writeback, or explicitly reject this route. The new CPU-offload writeback test does not cover this disk-memory behavior.

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The upcast pass this refers to was removed in f2d9b80, so it no longer writes weights back before export. Evaluating GGML checkpoints in vLLM now goes through the existing --vllm_fakequant_export.

@cjluo-nv
cjluo-nv requested a review from a team as a code owner October 11, 2026 16:49
@cjluo-nv cjluo-nv changed the title Add upcast_ggml="bf16" export for evaluating GGML checkpoints in vLLM Make folding exact for GPTQ'd GGML weights, so the vLLM fake-quant export evaluates them Oct 11, 2026

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst:
- Around line 94-95: Qualify the plain-checkpoint guidance so it applies only
when the export has no quantization configuration and no remaining quantized
weight formats. In the deployment documentation at
docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst, state when the checkpoint has no
quantization configuration; in examples/hf_ptq/README.md, limit the plain-BF16
and stock-vLLM claim to models with no remaining quantized formats.

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📒 Files selected for processing (6)
  • docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst
  • examples/hf_ptq/README.md
  • modelopt/torch/export/quant_utils.py
  • modelopt/torch/quantization/ggml/common.py
  • tests/unit/torch/export/test_export_weight.py
  • tests/unit/torch/quantization/test_ggml_gptq.py

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Comment thread docs/source/deployment/3_unified_hf.rst
return None
return pinned[index].reshape(*weight.shape[:-1], width, self.block_bytes)
storage_dtypes = [weight.dtype]
if weight.dtype == torch.float32:

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what's the memory impact of this. will this create two tables for each dtype?

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Good catch. f2d9b80 built at most one table per candidate dtype (up to three for a float32 weight, one otherwise), but each beside a float32 decode it kept for the whole lookup. When folding, the float32 candidate also always fell through to row matching, whose int64 keys are several times the weight's size. 3ff905a decodes straight into each candidate dtype, holding one table at a time, and runs every whole-weight comparison before any row matching.

Peak extra GPU memory for a 17408×5120 weight:

  • BF16 weight (fake quant / export): 510 MiB before this PR, 596 in f2d9b80, 256 now.
  • float32 copy (folding): 1700 MiB before this PR (and no match), 1700 in f2d9b80, 510 now.

assert torch.equal(linear.weight, expected)


def test_export_drops_the_payload_gptq_pinned():

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can we add an IQ test as well?

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Done in 3ff905a: the test now runs for all six GGML formats (IQ1_S, IQ1_M, IQ2_XXS, IQ2_XS, IQ2_S, Q8_0).

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Bot review (gpt-6.1-sol) — DM the bot to share feedback.

Nudge: the current folding fix looks sound and prior upcast blockers are resolved, but embedded agent directives in earlier comments require human review.

Needs action:

  • Confirm human sign-off on the current diff; earlier bot comments contain agent-directed prompts, which were treated as untrusted data and ignored.

No action needed:

  • ✔️ Resolved prior upcast concerns by removing that path, including tied-weight mutation, disk-memory retention, grouped-layout validation, dtype policy, and its FSDP2 coverage request.
  • The existing fake-quant exporter is reused; the CLI explicitly rejects FSDP2 with this export mode.
  • BF16 GPTQ folding has a regression test, and pinned-buffer filtering covers all six GGML formats. Existing test assertions remain intact.
  • The deployment documentation explains the activation/KV-cache limitation, and the README scopes stock-vLLM equivalence to weight-only quantization.

cjluo-nv and others added 6 commits October 12, 2026 18:01
export_hf_checkpoint(upcast_ggml="bf16") (--upcast_ggml bf16 in hf_ptq.py)
writes each GGML-quantized weight as the BF16 values its packed blocks
decode to, disables its quantizer, and so leaves the layer out of the
quantization config. Runtimes without GGML kernels, such as vLLM, then
load the checkpoint as a plain BF16 model.

Also drop the payload GPTQ pins to a GGML weight quantizer from the
exported state dict: it was written as a stray
"*.weight_quantizer._ggml_pinned_<format>" tensor, which loaders reject.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
Address review feedback on upcast_ggml:

- Run the packed export's GGML layer checks (backend, enabled input
  quantizer, AWQ pre_quant_scale) before disabling any weight quantizer,
  so activation quantization is refused rather than silently dropped.
  The checks move into validate_ggml_layer, shared with
  get_quantization_format.
- Reject GGML weights not stored in the target dtype: fused-expert slices
  and the offload/FSDP2 writebacks keep the stored dtype, so FP16/FP32
  weights would not export as BF16. Every check runs before any weight
  changes.
- hf_ptq: reject --upcast_ggml with --sparsity_fmt at parse time, and on
  the TensorRT-LLM and speculative-decoding export routes, which would
  otherwise ignore it.
- Docs: only the GGML layers leave the quantization config; load a fully
  upcast checkpoint in vLLM without quantization="modelopt".
- Tests: refusal cases, offloaded writeback with and without a pinned
  GPTQ payload, the no-GGML warning and the layerwise rejection. FSDP2
  coverage is left as a TODO.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
Address review feedback on upcast_ggml:

- Refuse a GGML weight not stored under the name weight_attr_names
  reports (TEGroupedLinear keeps weight0..N) with NotImplementedError
  before changing anything, instead of an AttributeError.
- Add a two-rank FSDP2 test: the sharded model's upcast, gathered again
  after the reshard, equals what a single-process packed export decodes
  to, with and without GPTQ-pinned payloads, and the GGML layers leave
  the quantization config. It calls the upcast directly because the
  FSDP2 streaming writer deadlocks at world > 1 on main (the existing
  test_fsdp2_streaming_export_matches_reference times out too).
- Note why the accelerate imports stay local in the offload test.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
Review asked why GGML needed its own upcast rather than weight folding.
Folding is the general mechanism, and --vllm_fakequant_export already
writes a plain BF16 Hugging Face checkpoint (no quantization config)
that a stock vLLM image serves. It was only wrong for GGML weights that
GPTQ calibrated: both fold paths quantize a float32 copy of the weight,
which never matched the payload GPTQ pinned against the BF16 weight, so
they re-encoded it and folded in different codes. On Qwen3-0.6B with the
iq2_xxs recipe this raised vLLM perplexity from 42.2 to 72.0.

- The pinned-payload lookup also matches a float32 weight against the
  decoding rounded through BF16 or FP16, so folding a GPTQ'd weight
  decodes GPTQ's codes instead of re-encoding.
- Remove upcast_ggml and --upcast_ggml with their docs and tests, and
  document --vllm_fakequant_export for evaluating GGML checkpoints in
  vLLM.
- Keep dropping the pinned payload from the packed export's state dict.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
- Decode the pinned payload straight into each candidate storage dtype,
  holding one table at a time instead of a float32 decode beside each
  rounding, and run every whole-weight comparison before falling back
  to row matching, whose int64 keys are several times the weight's size
  and which only row slices need. For a 17408x5120 weight the lookup's
  peak extra GPU memory drops from 596 to 256 MiB for a BF16 weight
  and from 1700 to 510 MiB for the float32 copy folding passes (510 and
  1700 MiB before this PR).
- Check that the packed export drops the pinned payload for every GGML
  format, not only Q8_0.
- Scope the README's stock-vLLM note to models whose quantizers are all
  weight quantizers.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
Matching row slices of a pinned weight, as Megatron's gate/up split
does, built int64 copies of the whole decoded table and of its products
at once: about 9x the weight. Sum the keys 256 columns at a time
instead. Integer sums wrap and are associative, so the keys are
bit-identical. For the gate half of a fused 34816x5120 weight, peak
extra GPU memory drops from 3060 to 597 MiB (BF16) and from 3400 to
1107 MiB (float32 export dtype), at the same speed.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
@cjluo-nv
cjluo-nv force-pushed the chenjiel/ggml-upcast-bf16 branch from 61bc3de to 72303f4 Compare October 12, 2026 18:09

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Bot review (gpt-6.1-sol) — DM the bot to share feedback.

No new code issues found in the latest diff; human sign-off remains required because earlier review comments contain embedded agent directives.

Needs action:

  • Confirm human sign-off on the latest diff; embedded agent-directed prompts in earlier comments were ignored as untrusted data.

No action needed:

  • ✔️ Prior upcast blockers remain resolved by removing that path, including tied-weight mutation, disk-memory retention, grouped-layout handling, and its FSDP2 coverage request.
  • Chunked row hashing preserves the existing integer-sum keys while bounding temporary memory; existing row-slicing tests exercise multi-chunk widths.
  • BF16 GPTQ folding and pinned-buffer filtering retain regression coverage; filtering covers all six GGML formats. Existing test assertions are unchanged.
  • Tests were inspected, not executed.

@cjluo-nv
cjluo-nv merged commit 89632ac into main Oct 12, 2026
57 checks passed
@cjluo-nv
cjluo-nv deleted the chenjiel/ggml-upcast-bf16 branch October 12, 2026 21:24
cjluo-nv added a commit that referenced this pull request Oct 12, 2026
### What does this PR do?

Type of change: documentation (agent instructions)

Adds a **Pre-push review pass** to `AGENTS.md`, which `CLAUDE.md` links
to. Before asking to push, an agent reviews the whole diff against its
base as a skeptical reviewer would and reports what it found. If the
pass turns up an opportunity, the agent tells the user and offers to
address it before pushing, instead of pushing as-is.

The pass checks:
- **Performance and memory, especially on GPU,** measured rather than
reasoned about: full-size temporaries, repeated expensive work, host
syncs on hot paths.
- **Distributed and offloaded paths:** every rank issues the same
collectives in the same order, and gathered or onloaded weights don't
outlive their layer.
- **Simplicity:** the smallest diff, reusing an existing mechanism
rather than adding a parallel one, no dead code or unrelated refactors,
and minimal, backward-compatible API changes.
- **Correctness:** validate before mutating, fail loudly rather than
silently ignore an option, and cover the layouts the change can meet
(dtypes, tied weights, offloaded, FSDP2 and meta tensors, fused or
grouped modules).
- **Evidence:** each fix has a test that fails without it, hang tests
fail fast, paths CI skips get run when touched, and the PR says what was
and wasn't run.

**Why:** a late review pass on #2710 found several issues that a first
implementation passed over:
- **Memory:** the GGML pinned-payload lookup peaked at about 3 GB for
one weight slice, and chunking its row hashing brought that to 0.6 GB.
- **A parallel mechanism:** a separate `upcast_ggml` export option
duplicated weight folding. Reusing folding was simpler, once folding was
made exact for GPTQ'd weights.
- **A hang:** an FSDP2 export deadlock came from a rank-dependent
collective (#2731).

Writing the pass into the workflow makes it a step every PR gets, not an
afterthought.

### Usage

N/A (agent workflow).

### Testing

`pre-commit run --files AGENTS.md` passes (markdownlint included). Docs
only.

### Before your PR is "*Ready for review*"

- Is this change backward compatible?: N/A
- If you copied code from any other sources or added a new PIP
dependency, did you follow guidance in `CONTRIBUTING.md`: N/A
- Did you write any new necessary tests?: N/A
- Did you update
[Changelog](https://github.com/NVIDIA/Model-Optimizer/blob/main/CHANGELOG.rst)?:
N/A (contributor workflow, not user-facing)
- Did you get Claude approval on this PR?: N/A

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)


<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->

## Summary by CodeRabbit

* **Documentation**
* Added guidance for reviewing changes before requesting a push,
including checks for performance, correctness, and simplicity.
* The guidance also covers validating changes before they take effect,
setting test expectations, and reporting checks that were skipped.

<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->

Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
cjluo-nv added a commit that referenced this pull request Oct 12, 2026
### What does this PR do?

Type of change: bug fix

**HF export with FSDP2 deadlocks at 2 or more ranks.** It hangs with
rank 0 in `collect_export_tensors` and every other rank at the barrier
after it. This hits both the streaming export (`owner="share"`) and the
gather-to-rank-0 export (`owner="rank0"`). In practice that's `hf_ptq
--use_fsdp2` with more than one rank, and the nightly 2-GPU `gpu` job,
which has hit its 60-minute limit every night for at least a week:
`test_fsdp2_streaming_export_matches_reference[nvfp4]` and `[fp8]` each
time out at 120s. PR CI runs GPU tests on a 1-GPU runner, where these
tests skip, so it never saw this.

**Root cause:**
1. A forward pass leaves the root FSDP module's parameters unsharded,
because FSDP2 skips the root's post-forward reshard. Calibration and the
export's own dummy forward both do this.
2. FSDP2 registers a `state_dict()` pre-hook on every module that holds
FSDP parameters, and the hook reshards that module's whole parameter
group.
3. In `collect_export_tensors`, only a unit's owner calls
`state_dict()`. So the owner of the non-layer unit (`embed_tokens`,
`norm`, `lm_head`) reshards the root on its rank alone.
4. At the next module, the gather window all-gathers a parameter on that
rank which the other ranks still hold as a plain tensor. The others
never join the collective.

A per-rank trace of every collective shows the two ranks agreeing up to
that one extra all-gather.

**Fix:** before the loop, every rank reshards every FSDP module. That's
a local operation, so the owner's pre-hook becomes a no-op.

### Usage

No API change.

### Testing

- **New unit test:** `test_streaming_export_two_cpu_ranks` in
`tests/unit/torch/export/test_fsdp2_parallel_export.py`. It shards a
tiny Llama over two CPU ranks with Gloo, calibrates it (which leaves the
root unsharded), runs the streaming export, and compares the merged
checkpoint with a single-process export.
- It runs in PR CI, which so far had no multi-rank FSDP2 export
coverage.
- Without the fix it deadlocks. The worker dumps its stack and exits
after 45s, so the test fails in about 50s instead of hanging the job.
- With the fix it passes in about 10s on torch 2.12 and torch 2.8 (the
oldest in the CI matrix).
- **GPU tests:** all 38 of `tests/gpu/torch/export/test_fsdp2_export.py`
pass in CI's image (`nvcr.io/nvidia/pytorch:26.05-py3`) on 2× RTX PRO
6000, the nightly runner's GPU. That includes
`test_fsdp2_streaming_export_matches_reference[nvfp4]` (4.5s) and
`[fp8]` (3.0s), which time out without the fix.
- **Rest of the unit file:** the other 5 tests in
`test_fsdp2_parallel_export.py` (world=1) pass.
- **Pre-commit:** passes.

### Before your PR is "*Ready for review*"

- Is this change backward compatible?: ✅
- If you copied code from any other sources or added a new PIP
dependency, did you follow guidance in `CONTRIBUTING.md`: N/A
- Did you write any new necessary tests?: ✅
- Did you update
[Changelog](https://github.com/NVIDIA/Model-Optimizer/blob/main/CHANGELOG.rst)?:
N/A (the round-robin FSDP2 export and this deadlock both arrived in the
unreleased 0.48 cycle)
- Did you get Claude approval on this PR?: ❌ (pending)

### Additional Information

Found while adding FSDP2 coverage to an earlier revision of #2710.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)


<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit

* **Bug Fixes**
* Improved reliability of distributed model exports with FSDP2 by
resharding modules across all ranks before collecting export tensors.
* Multi-rank exports are checked against an unsharded reference to help
ensure the exported tensors are consistent.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->

---------

Signed-off-by: Chenjie Luo <chenjiel@nvidia.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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