Autonomous Line Following Robot (Arduino-Based)

🥇 1st Place Winner - College Robotics Competition

Overview

This project presents the design and implementation of an autonomous line-following robot using Arduino.

The robot detects a black line using IR sensors and adjusts motor speed to maintain stable tracking along the path.

System Architecture

• Arduino uno
• IR line sensors
• Motor driver module
• DC motors

Control Logic

The robot reads sensor input and adjusts motor output accordingly. Control logic was implemented to ensure stable tracking and smooth turning behavior.

The PID Algorithm

Proportional ($K_P$): The "immediate response"

This is the main driving force, if the robot is to far to the left ($K_P$) creates a strong turn to the right.

Integral ($K_I$): The "error accumulator"

This is the precision, by correcting small, steady-state error that accumulate over time.

Derivative ($K_D$): The "predictor"

This is the stability, it predicts the robot's motion and acts as brakes to slow down the turn.

My Contribution

• Implemented control logic
• Integrated sensors and motor driver
• Performed testing and calibration
• Validated system behavior

Tools & Technologies

• Arduino (C/C++)
• Embedded systems
• Hardware

Results

The robot successfully followed predefined tracks with stable motion and minimal deviation.

🏆 Achievement: This project won 1st Place in the College's Autonomous Robotics Competition, demonstrating superior tracking speed and stability compared to other entries.

🎥 Demonstration Videos

Stable Line Tracking:

c21ad4ca-edc2-455f-abe3-c440a70b5c43.mov

Test Competition:

Robot.test.mp4

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Competition - Institution: Ruppin Academic Center