diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 4232a6f..2bef8e6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ jobs:
         node-version: [12.x, 14.x, 16.x, 18.x, 19,x]
         # See supported Node.js release schedule at https://nodejs.org/en/about/releases/    
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Use Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }}
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
-          cache: 'npm'  
+          cache: 'npm'
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: npm install
       - name: Run tests
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ jobs:
     needs: test
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - run: sudo apt-get install -y oathtool
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: 16
           registry-url: https://registry.npmjs.org/
diff --git a/.github/workflows/node.js.yml b/.github/workflows/node.js.yml
index 3f165c1..a653bd1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/node.js.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/node.js.yml
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ jobs:
         # See supported Node.js release schedule at https://nodejs.org/en/about/releases/
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - name: Use Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }}
-      uses: actions/setup-node@v2
+      uses: actions/setup-node@v4
       with:
         node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
         cache: 'npm'
diff --git a/lib/utils/razorpay-utils.js b/lib/utils/razorpay-utils.js
index 6ba6468..1dbfc93 100644
--- a/lib/utils/razorpay-utils.js
+++ b/lib/utils/razorpay-utils.js
@@ -151,26 +151,23 @@ function generateOnboardingSignature(params={}, secret){
 
 function encrypt(dataToEncrypt, secret) {
   try {
-    // Use first 16 bytes of secret as key
     const keyBytes = Buffer.from(secret.slice(0, 16), 'utf8');
-    
-    // Use first 12 bytes of key as IV
-    const iv = Buffer.alloc(12);
-    keyBytes.copy(iv, 0, 0, 12);
 
-    // Create cipher with AES-GCM
+    // Generate a fresh random 12-byte nonce per call (fixes AES-GCM nonce reuse).
+    // A static IV derived from the key allows keystream recovery and tag forgery
+    // (NIST SP 800-38D §8.3 Forbidden Attack) using only two captured ciphertexts.
+    const iv = crypto.randomBytes(12);
+
     const cipher = crypto.createCipheriv('aes-128-gcm', keyBytes, iv);
-    
-    // Encrypt the data
+
     let encryptedData = cipher.update(dataToEncrypt, 'utf8');
     encryptedData = Buffer.concat([encryptedData, cipher.final()]);
-    
-    // Get authentication tag and append to encrypted data
+
     const authTag = cipher.getAuthTag();
-    const finalData = Buffer.concat([encryptedData, authTag]);
-    
-    // Convert to hex string
-    return finalData.toString('hex');
+
+    // Output format: iv (12 bytes) || ciphertext || tag (16 bytes), hex-encoded.
+    // Receiver must read the first 24 hex chars as the IV before decrypting.
+    return Buffer.concat([iv, encryptedData, authTag]).toString('hex');
   } catch (err) {
     throw new Error(`Encryption failed: ${err.message}`);
   }