diff --git a/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/README_Sensors.md b/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/README_Sensors.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..800ebc01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/README_Sensors.md
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+# Sensors (Dynamic, DT-free)
+
+This test validates Qualcomm SSC/ADSP sensor streaming **without relying on Device Tree**. It dynamically discovers available sensor **TYPEs** using `ssc_sensor_info` and validates selected sensors using:
+
+- `see_workhorse` (streaming sanity / event flow)
+- `ssc_drva_test` (driver validation test; optional on minimal builds)
+
+> **Important (Overlay-only):**
+> The required user-space apps (`ssc_sensor_info`, `see_workhorse`, `ssc_drva_test`) are **not** part of the base image in many builds.
+> They are typically provided via a **proprietary / vendor overlay** (or equivalent overlay package).  
+> This testcase is **meant to be executed only when those overlay apps are present**.
+
+---
+
+## Location
+
+- `Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/run.sh`
+- Helper library: `Runner/utils/lib_sensors.sh` (sourced via `$TOOLS/lib_sensors.sh`)
+
+---
+
+## What it does
+
+1. **Gates on ADSP remoteproc**
+   - Confirms ADSP remoteproc is present and **running**
+   - If not running, checks whether firmware (default `adsp.mbn`) exists
+   - Uses helper functions already in `functestlib.sh`:
+     - `get_remoteproc_path_by_firmware()`
+     - `get_remoteproc_state()`
+
+2. **Discovers sensors dynamically**
+   - Runs `ssc_sensor_info` once and saves full output to:
+     - `./logs_Sensors/ssc_sensor_info.txt` (or custom `--out`)
+   - Parses **TYPE** entries where `AVAILABLE=true` (and prefers physical sensors where possible)
+
+3. **Auto-selects sensor set**
+   - Default: `--profile auto`
+   - If `mag` or `pressure` is present → **Vision-like** profile: `accel,gyro,mag,pressure`
+   - Else → **Core-like** profile: `accel,gyro`
+
+4. **Runs functional validation**
+   - For each selected sensor TYPE:
+     - runs `see_workhorse -sensor=<type> ...`
+     - runs `ssc_drva_test -sensor=<type> ...` (if tool exists; otherwise SKIP that part)
+   - Redirects huge tool output to per-sensor log files.
+   - Prints **small progress heartbeats** to stdout for CI visibility.
+
+5. **Writes a LAVA-friendly result file**
+   - Always exits `0` (LAVA-friendly)
+   - Writes `Sensors.res` with `PASS` / `FAIL` / `SKIP`
+
+---
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+### Required commands (overlay apps)
+- `ssc_sensor_info`
+- `see_workhorse`
+
+### Optional command
+- `ssc_drva_test`  
+  If missing, test still runs using `see_workhorse` and treats `ssc_drva_test` as **SKIP**.
+
+### Common shell utilities
+- `awk`, `sed`, `grep`, `sort`, `wc`, `tr`
+
+### Files / directories
+- `/etc/sensors/config` **must exist**  
+  If missing, the script will **SKIP** (typically indicates a non-prop / non-overlay build).
+
+---
+
+## Usage
+
+### Show help
+```sh
+./run.sh --help
+```
+
+### List discovered sensor TYPEs and exit
+```sh
+./run.sh --list
+```
+
+### Run with auto-detection (default)
+```sh
+./run.sh
+```
+
+### Run a profile preset
+```sh
+./run.sh --profile basic
+./run.sh --profile vision
+./run.sh --profile core
+./run.sh --profile all --strict 0    # debug / long run
+```
+
+Profiles:
+- `basic` / `core`: `accel,gyro`
+- `vision`: `accel,gyro,mag,pressure`
+- `all`: all discovered types (debug)
+- `auto` (default): picks core/vision based on presence of `mag`/`pressure`
+
+### Run an explicit list of sensors
+```sh
+./run.sh --sensors accel,gyro,tilt --strict 0
+```
+
+### Control durations / progress heartbeat
+```sh
+./run.sh --see-duration 5 --drva-duration 10 --hb 5
+```
+
+### Output directory
+```sh
+./run.sh --out ./logs_Sensors
+```
+
+---
+
+## Parameters
+
+### CLI options (most common)
+- `--list`  
+  List discovered sensor TYPEs and exit 0
+- `--profile <auto|basic|core|vision|all>`  
+  Select preset sensors list
+- `--sensors <csv>`  
+  Comma-separated list of sensor TYPEs to test
+- `--see-duration <sec>`  
+  Duration for `see_workhorse` (default: `5`)
+- `--drva-duration <sec>`  
+  Duration for `ssc_drva_test` (default: `10`)
+- `--hb <sec>`  
+  Heartbeat interval printed to stdout (default: `5`)
+- `--strict <0|1>`  
+  Require `accel` and `gyro` to exist (default: `1`)
+
+### Environment overrides
+- `OUT_DIR` (same as `--out`)
+- `SEE_DURATION`
+- `DRVA_DURATION`
+- `HB_SECS`
+- `STRICT_REQUIRED`
+- `SENSORS_TIMEOUT_PAD_SECS`  
+  Extra timeout pad added beyond duration (default is handled in lib; keep small for CI)
+- `SENSORS_DISPLAY_EVENTS`  
+  Passed to `see_workhorse -display_events=` (default: `1`)
+- `SENSORS_DRVA_NUM_SAMPLES`  
+  Extra knob for accel in `ssc_drva_test` (default set in run.sh to `325`)
+
+---
+
+## Output / logs
+
+All heavy tool output is redirected to files under `--out` (default `./logs_Sensors`):
+
+- `ssc_sensor_info.txt`
+- `see_workhorse_<sensor>.log` (e.g. `see_workhorse_gyro.log`)
+- `ssc_drva_test_<sensor>.log` (e.g. `ssc_drva_test_accel.log`)
+
+The console shows:
+- high-level progress
+- periodic heartbeat lines like:
+  - `see_workhorse(accel) running... 5/5s (log: ...)`
+- final summary:
+  - `Summary: pass=X fail=Y skip=Z (logs in ...)`
+
+Result file:
+- `Sensors.res` in the testcase directory
+  - `Sensors PASS`
+  - `Sensors FAIL`
+  - `Sensors SKIP`
+
+---
+
+## Result parsing behavior
+
+### `see_workhorse`
+The script determines PASS/FAIL primarily from log markers:
+- `PASS see_workhorse ...`
+- `FAIL see_workhorse ...`
+
+The log may contain duplicate PASS lines; verdict is based on the **last PASS/FAIL marker**.
+
+### `ssc_drva_test`
+- If `ssc_drva_test` binary is missing → treated as **SKIP** for that sensor.
+- If the log begins with `FAIL` → treated as **FAIL** (defensive).
+- Otherwise, return code `0` → PASS.
+
+---
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### `1970-01-01` timestamps
+If system time is not set (no RTC sync), logs may show epoch timestamps. This does not affect functional PASS/FAIL.
+
+### `diag: failed to connect to diag socket`
+Some builds print diagnostic socket warnings in `see_workhorse` output.  
+This is captured in the log file. The test still passes as long as the final PASS marker is present.
+
+### `ssc_sensor_info` outputs nothing / parsing fails
+This is treated as **SKIP** (no usable inventory → no further tests).
+
+Check:
+- overlay apps installed and runnable
+- `/etc/sensors/config` exists
+- ADSP remoteproc is running (`/sys/class/remoteproc/.../state`)
+
+---
diff --git a/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/run.sh b/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/run.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..330084a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/run.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+# Dynamic Sensors validation (DT-free): discover via ssc_sensor_info and validate selected sensor types.
+
+TESTNAME="Sensors"
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(
+  cd "$(dirname "$0")" || exit 1
+  pwd
+)"
+
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+RES_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/${TESTNAME}.res"
+
+usage() {
+  cat <<EOF
+Usage: $0 [options]
+
+Discovery:
+  --list List discovered sensor TYPEs (from ssc_sensor_info) and exit 0
+  --sensors <csv> Comma-separated list of sensor TYPEs to test
+                           Example: --sensors accel,gyro,mag
+  --profile <name> Choose a preset list:
+                             basic : accel,gyro
+                             core : accel,gyro
+                             vision: accel,gyro,mag,pressure
+                             all : all discovered types (debug)
+                           Default: auto (core/vision inferred by presence of mag/pressure)
+
+Durations / progress:
+  --out <dir> Output directory (default: ./logs_Sensors)
+  --see-duration <sec> see_workhorse duration (default: 5)
+  --drva-duration <sec> ssc_drva_test duration (default: 10)
+  --hb <sec> Heartbeat seconds (default: 5)
+  --strict <0|1> Require accel+gyro to exist (default: 1)
+
+Other:
+  --help Show this help
+
+Examples:
+  $0 --list
+  $0 --profile basic
+  $0 --profile vision
+  $0 --sensors accel,gyro,tilt --strict 0
+  $0 --profile all --strict 0
+
+Environment overrides:
+  OUT_DIR, SEE_DURATION, DRVA_DURATION, HB_SECS, STRICT_REQUIRED,
+  SENSORS_TIMEOUT_PAD_SECS, SENSORS_DISPLAY_EVENTS, SENSORS_DRVA_NUM_SAMPLES
+EOF
+}
+
+SENSORS_CSV=""
+PROFILE="auto"
+LIST_ONLY=0
+
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+  case "$1" in
+    --out) OUT_DIR="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --see-duration) SEE_DURATION="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --drva-duration) DRVA_DURATION="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --hb) HB_SECS="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --strict) STRICT_REQUIRED="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --sensors) SENSORS_CSV="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --profile) PROFILE="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --list) LIST_ONLY=1; shift 1 ;;
+    --help|-h) usage; exit 0 ;;
+    *) echo "[WARN] Unknown arg: $1" >&2; shift 1 ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+INIT_ENV=""
+SEARCH="$SCRIPT_DIR"
+while [ "$SEARCH" != "/" ]; do
+  if [ -f "$SEARCH/init_env" ]; then
+    INIT_ENV="$SEARCH/init_env"
+    break
+  fi
+  SEARCH=$(dirname "$SEARCH")
+done
+
+if [ -z "$INIT_ENV" ]; then
+  echo "[ERROR] Could not find init_env (starting at $SCRIPT_DIR)" >&2
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${__INIT_ENV_LOADED:-}" ]; then
+  # shellcheck disable=SC1090
+  . "$INIT_ENV"
+  __INIT_ENV_LOADED=1
+fi
+
+# shellcheck disable=SC1090,SC1091
+. "$TOOLS/functestlib.sh"
+# shellcheck disable=SC1090,SC1091
+. "$TOOLS/lib_sensors.sh"
+
+# Resolve test path and cd (single SKIP/exit path)
+SKIP_REASON=""
+test_path=$(find_test_case_by_name "$TESTNAME")
+if [ -z "$test_path" ] || [ ! -d "$test_path" ]; then
+  SKIP_REASON="$TESTNAME SKIP - test path not found"
+elif ! cd "$test_path"; then
+  SKIP_REASON="$TESTNAME SKIP - cannot cd into $test_path"
+else
+  RES_FILE="$test_path/${TESTNAME}.res"
+fi
+
+if [ -n "$SKIP_REASON" ]; then
+  log_skip "$SKIP_REASON"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+OUT_DIR="${OUT_DIR:-./logs_Sensors}"
+SEE_DURATION="${SEE_DURATION:-5}"
+DRVA_DURATION="${DRVA_DURATION:-10}"
+HB_SECS="${HB_SECS:-5}"
+STRICT_REQUIRED="${STRICT_REQUIRED:-1}"
+: "${SENSORS_DRVA_NUM_SAMPLES:=325}"
+
+mkdir -p "$OUT_DIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+# ---- clock sanity (fix 1970 timestamps) ----
+# If system time is too old, many logs become confusing. We don't FAIL for this.
+now_epoch="$(date +%s 2>/dev/null || echo 0)"
+# Jan 1, 2022 = 1640995200 (safe threshold)
+if [ "$now_epoch" -lt 1640995200 ] 2>/dev/null; then
+  log_warn "System clock looks unset (epoch=$now_epoch). Logs may show 1970, consider enabling NTP or setting RTC."
+fi
+
+log_info "------------------- Starting $TESTNAME testcase -------------------"
+log_info "OUT_DIR=$OUT_DIR SEE_DURATION=$SEE_DURATION DRVA_DURATION=$DRVA_DURATION HB_SECS=$HB_SECS STRICT_REQUIRED=$STRICT_REQUIRED PROFILE=$PROFILE"
+[ -n "$SENSORS_CSV" ] && log_info "Requested sensors (override): $SENSORS_CSV"
+
+deps="ssc_sensor_info see_workhorse awk sed grep sort wc tr"
+if ! check_dependencies "$deps"; then
+  log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - missing dependencies: $deps"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+if [ ! -d /etc/sensors/config ]; then
+  log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - /etc/sensors/config not present (likely non-prop build)"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+# ADSP remoteproc gating
+sensors_check_adsp_remoteproc "adsp.mbn"
+adsp_rc=$?
+
+log_info "ADSP remoteproc:"
+log_info " path=${SENSORS_ADSP_RPROC_PATH:-unknown} state=${SENSORS_ADSP_STATE:-unknown} firmware=${SENSORS_ADSP_FW:-unknown}"
+
+if [ "$adsp_rc" -eq 3 ]; then
+  log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - ADSP remoteproc not found"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+elif [ "$adsp_rc" -eq 2 ]; then
+  log_fail "$TESTNAME FAIL - ADSP not running and firmware missing: ${SENSORS_ADSP_FW:-adsp.mbn}"
+  echo "$TESTNAME FAIL" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+elif [ "$adsp_rc" -eq 1 ]; then
+  log_fail "$TESTNAME FAIL - ADSP remoteproc state is not running: ${SENSORS_ADSP_STATE:-unknown}"
+  echo "$TESTNAME FAIL" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+# Discover sensors
+SSC_LOG="$OUT_DIR/ssc_sensor_info.txt"
+log_info "Collecting sensor inventory -> $SSC_LOG"
+
+if ! sensors_dump_ssc_sensor_info "$SSC_LOG"; then
+  log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - ssc_sensor_info failed to run (see $SSC_LOG)"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+if [ ! -s "$SSC_LOG" ] || ! grep -q '^TYPE[[:space:]]*=' "$SSC_LOG" 2>/dev/null; then
+  log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - ssc_sensor_info produced no TYPE entries (see $SSC_LOG)"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+types_nl="$(sensors_types_from_ssc_file "$SSC_LOG" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+if [ -z "$types_nl" ]; then
+  log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - no parsable sensor inventory from ssc_sensor_info (see $SSC_LOG)"
+  echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+log_info "Sensor TYPEs discovered:"
+printf '%s\n' "$types_nl" | while IFS= read -r t; do
+  [ -n "$t" ] && log_info " - $t"
+done
+
+# ---- list-only mode should be a clean PASS for LAVA ----
+if [ "$LIST_ONLY" -eq 1 ]; then
+  log_pass "$TESTNAME PASS - --list requested"
+  echo "$TESTNAME PASS" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+# strict accel+gyro requirement
+req_missing=0
+for r in accel gyro; do
+  if ! sensors_type_present "$types_nl" "$r"; then
+    log_warn "Missing required sensor type: $r"
+    req_missing=1
+  fi
+done
+if [ "$STRICT_REQUIRED" = "1" ] && [ "$req_missing" -eq 1 ]; then
+  log_fail "$TESTNAME FAIL - required sensor types missing (need accel+gyro)"
+  echo "$TESTNAME FAIL" >"$RES_FILE"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+# infer kit for auto profile
+is_vision=0
+if sensors_type_present "$types_nl" "mag" || sensors_type_present "$types_nl" "pressure"; then
+  is_vision=1
+  log_info "Kit guess (DT-free): Vision-like (mag/pressure present)"
+else
+  log_info "Kit guess (DT-free): Core-like (mag/pressure not present)"
+fi
+
+TARGET_NL=""
+
+# 1) explicit sensor list overrides everything
+if [ -n "$SENSORS_CSV" ]; then
+  OLDIFS=$IFS
+  IFS=,
+  set -- "$SENSORS_CSV"
+  IFS=$OLDIFS
+  for s in "$@"; do
+    s="$(printf '%s' "$s" | tr -d '[:space:]')"
+    [ -z "$s" ] && continue
+    TARGET_NL="$(sensors_append_unique_line "$TARGET_NL" "$s")"
+  done
+else
+  # 2) profile selection
+  case "$PROFILE" in
+    auto)
+      if [ "$is_vision" -eq 1 ]; then
+        PROFILE="vision"
+      else
+        PROFILE="core"
+      fi
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  case "$PROFILE" in
+    basic|core)
+      TARGET_NL="accel
+gyro"
+      ;;
+    vision)
+      TARGET_NL="accel
+gyro
+mag
+pressure"
+      ;;
+    all)
+      TARGET_NL="$types_nl"
+      ;;
+    *)
+      log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - unknown profile: $PROFILE"
+      echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+      exit 0
+      ;;
+  esac
+fi
+
+log_info "Sensors selected to test:"
+printf '%s\n' "$TARGET_NL" | while IFS= read -r s; do
+  [ -n "$s" ] && log_info " - $s"
+done
+
+TARGET_FILE="$OUT_DIR/targets.txt"
+printf '%s\n' "$TARGET_NL" >"$TARGET_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+pass_count=0
+fail_count=0
+skip_count=0
+
+while IFS= read -r s; do
+  [ -z "$s" ] && continue
+
+  log_info "---- Sensor test: $s ----"
+
+  if ! sensors_type_present "$types_nl" "$s"; then
+    log_info "Sensor $s: not present -> SKIP"
+    skip_count=$((skip_count + 1))
+    continue
+  fi
+
+  if sensors_run_see_workhorse "$s" "$SEE_DURATION" "$OUT_DIR" "$HB_SECS"; then
+    log_info "see_workhorse: PASS ($s) [log: $OUT_DIR/see_workhorse_${s}.log]"
+  else
+    log_error "see_workhorse: FAIL ($s) [log: $OUT_DIR/see_workhorse_${s}.log]"
+    fail_count=$((fail_count + 1))
+    continue
+  fi
+
+  sensors_run_ssc_drva_test "$s" "$DRVA_DURATION" "$OUT_DIR" "$HB_SECS"
+  rc=$?
+  if [ "$rc" -eq 0 ]; then
+    log_info "ssc_drva_test: PASS ($s) [log: $OUT_DIR/ssc_drva_test_${s}.log]"
+    pass_count=$((pass_count + 1))
+    continue
+  fi
+  if [ "$rc" -eq 2 ]; then
+    log_info "ssc_drva_test: SKIP ($s) (tool not present)"
+    pass_count=$((pass_count + 1))
+    continue
+  fi
+
+  log_error "ssc_drva_test: FAIL ($s) [log: $OUT_DIR/ssc_drva_test_${s}.log]"
+  fail_count=$((fail_count + 1))
+done <"$TARGET_FILE"
+
+log_info "Summary: pass=$pass_count fail=$fail_count skip=$skip_count (logs in $OUT_DIR)"
+
+if [ "$fail_count" -gt 0 ]; then
+  log_fail "$TESTNAME FAIL - failures=$fail_count passes=$pass_count skips=$skip_count (logs in $OUT_DIR)"
+  echo "$TESTNAME FAIL" >"$RES_FILE"
+else
+  if [ "$pass_count" -eq 0 ]; then
+    log_skip "$TESTNAME SKIP - no selected sensors were validated (all missing/unsupported)"
+    echo "$TESTNAME SKIP" >"$RES_FILE"
+  else
+    log_pass "$TESTNAME PASS - passes=$pass_count skips=$skip_count"
+    echo "$TESTNAME PASS" >"$RES_FILE"
+  fi
+fi
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/sensors.yaml b/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/sensors.yaml
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2808c40a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors/sensors.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+metadata:
+  name: Sensors
+  format: "Lava-Test Test Definition 1.0"
+  description: "Dynamic Sensors validation (DT-free): auto-detect sensors via ssc_sensor_info and validate using see_workhorse/ssc_drva_test."
+  os:
+    - linux
+  scope:
+    - functional
+    - multimedia
+
+run:
+  steps:
+    - REPO_PATH=$PWD
+    - cd Runner/suites/Multimedia/Sensors
+    - ./run.sh || true
+    - $REPO_PATH/Runner/utils/send-to-lava.sh Sensors.res || true
diff --git a/Runner/utils/lib_sensors.sh b/Runner/utils/lib_sensors.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..a76ee0cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Runner/utils/lib_sensors.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright (c) Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause-Clear
+# Sensor helpers (DT-free): discovery via ssc_sensor_info, run see_workhorse/ssc_drva_test, parse PASS/FAIL.
+
+# Global outputs set by sensors_check_adsp_remoteproc()
+SENSORS_ADSP_FW=""
+SENSORS_ADSP_RPROC_PATH=""
+SENSORS_ADSP_STATE=""
+
+sensors__trim_ws() {
+  # usage: sensors__trim_ws " abc " -> prints "abc"
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2001
+  echo "$1" | sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]*$//'
+}
+
+# Append a line to a newline-separated list if it doesn't already exist.
+# usage: new_list="$(sensors_append_unique_line "$list" "accel")"
+sensors_append_unique_line() {
+  list="$1"
+  line="$2"
+
+  [ -z "$line" ] && { printf '%s\n' "$list"; return 0; }
+
+  if [ -z "$list" ]; then
+    printf '%s\n' "$line"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  printf '%s\n' "$list" | grep -Fxq "$line" 2>/dev/null && {
+    printf '%s\n' "$list"
+    return 0
+  }
+
+  printf '%s\n%s\n' "$list" "$line"
+}
+
+sensors__firmware_exists_quick() {
+  fw="$1"
+  [ -z "$fw" ] && return 1
+  # quick/cheap checks only (avoid heavy find):
+  [ -f "/lib/firmware/$fw" ] && return 0
+  [ -f "/lib/firmware/qcom/$fw" ] && return 0
+  [ -f "/lib/firmware/qcom/qcs6490/$fw" ] && return 0
+  [ -f "/vendor/firmware/$fw" ] && return 0
+  [ -f "/vendor/firmware_mnt/image/$fw" ] && return 0
+  return 1
+}
+
+# Return codes:
+# 0 = running
+# 1 = remoteproc found but not running
+# 2 = remoteproc not running and firmware missing
+# 3 = remoteproc not found (by firmware mapping)
+sensors_check_adsp_remoteproc() {
+  fw="${1:-adsp.mbn}"
+
+  # NOTE: these are intentionally "output variables" for the caller (run.sh)
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2034
+  SENSORS_ADSP_FW="$fw"
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2034
+  SENSORS_ADSP_RPROC_PATH=""
+  SENSORS_ADSP_STATE=""
+
+  if ! command -v get_remoteproc_path_by_firmware >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    return 3
+  fi
+
+  rpath="$(get_remoteproc_path_by_firmware "$fw" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+  if [ -z "$rpath" ] || [ ! -d "$rpath" ]; then
+    return 3
+  fi
+
+  # shellcheck disable=SC2034
+  SENSORS_ADSP_RPROC_PATH="$rpath"
+
+  if command -v get_remoteproc_state >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    SENSORS_ADSP_STATE="$(get_remoteproc_state "$rpath" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+    SENSORS_ADSP_STATE="$(sensors__trim_ws "$SENSORS_ADSP_STATE")"
+  else
+    if [ -r "$rpath/state" ]; then
+      SENSORS_ADSP_STATE="$(cat "$rpath/state" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+      SENSORS_ADSP_STATE="$(sensors__trim_ws "$SENSORS_ADSP_STATE")"
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  [ "$SENSORS_ADSP_STATE" = "running" ] && return 0
+
+  if sensors__firmware_exists_quick "$fw"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+  return 2
+}
+
+sensors_dump_ssc_sensor_info() {
+  out_file="$1"
+  : >"$out_file" 2>/dev/null || true
+  ssc_sensor_info >"$out_file" 2>&1
+  return $?
+}
+
+sensors_types_from_ssc_file() {
+  f="$1"
+  [ -r "$f" ] || return 1
+
+  awk '
+    function trim(s) { sub(/^[ \t\r\n]+/, "", s); sub(/[ \t\r\n]+$/, "", s); return s }
+    /^TYPE[[:space:]]*=/ {
+      type = $0
+      sub(/^TYPE[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*/, "", type)
+      type = trim(type)
+    }
+    /^AVAILABLE[[:space:]]*=/ {
+      avail = $0
+      sub(/^AVAILABLE[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*/, "", avail)
+      avail = trim(avail)
+    }
+    /^PHYSICAL_SENSOR[[:space:]]*=/ {
+      phys = $0
+      sub(/^PHYSICAL_SENSOR[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*/, "", phys)
+      phys = trim(phys)
+    }
+    /^$/ {
+      if (type != "" && avail == "true") {
+        if (phys == "" || phys == "true") print type
+      }
+      type=""; avail=""; phys=""
+    }
+    END {
+      if (type != "" && avail == "true") {
+        if (phys == "" || phys == "true") print type
+      }
+    }
+  ' "$f" 2>/dev/null | sort -u
+}
+
+sensors_type_present() {
+  types_nl="$1"
+  needle="$2"
+  printf '%s\n' "$types_nl" | grep -Fxq "$needle" 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+# Run a command in background, redirect all output to logfile, and print a heartbeat.
+# sensors_run_cmd_with_progress <logfile> <label> <duration_sec> <heartbeat_sec> -- <cmd...>
+sensors_run_cmd_with_progress() {
+  logf="$1"
+  label="$2"
+  dur="$3"
+  hb="$4"
+  shift 4
+
+  [ "${1:-}" = "--" ] || return 2
+  shift
+
+  : >"$logf" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+  "$@" >"$logf" 2>&1 &
+  pid=$!
+
+  elapsed=0
+  pad="${SENSORS_TIMEOUT_PAD_SECS:-15}"
+  case "$dur" in ""|*[!0-9]*) dur=10 ;; esac
+  case "$hb" in ""|*[!0-9]*) hb=5 ;; esac
+  timeout=$((dur + pad))
+
+  log_info "$label started (log: $logf)"
+
+  while kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; do
+    if [ "$elapsed" -ge "$timeout" ]; then
+      log_error "$label TIMEOUT after ${elapsed}s (killing pid $pid). Log: $logf"
+      kill "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+      sleep 1
+      kill -9 "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
+      break
+    fi
+
+    # Sleep in small steps so we don't oversleep after the cmd already finished
+    step=1
+    while [ "$step" -le "$hb" ]; do
+      sleep 1 2>/dev/null || true
+      kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null || break
+      step=$((step + 1))
+    done
+
+    kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null || break
+    elapsed=$((elapsed + hb))
+    log_info "$label running... ${elapsed}/${dur}s (log: $logf)"
+  done
+
+  wait "$pid" 2>/dev/null
+  return $?
+}
+
+sensors_see_workhorse_passed() {
+  logf="$1"
+  [ -r "$logf" ] || return 1
+ 
+  # Decide verdict by the *last* PASS/FAIL marker in the log.
+  # This handles duplicate PASS lines and any earlier noise.
+  last="$(grep -E '^(PASS|FAIL)[[:space:]]+see_workhorse' "$logf" 2>/dev/null | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $1}')"
+ 
+  if [ "$last" = "PASS" ]; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+  if [ "$last" = "FAIL" ]; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+ 
+  # Fallback if no explicit markers found:
+  # consider non-empty log as "likely ran", but you can make this stricter if needed.
+  [ -s "$logf" ] && return 0
+  return 1
+}
+
+sensors_run_see_workhorse() {
+  sensor="$1"
+  duration="$2"
+  outdir="$3"
+  hb="${4:-5}"
+  disp="${SENSORS_DISPLAY_EVENTS:-1}"
+
+  logf="$outdir/see_workhorse_${sensor}.log"
+  label="see_workhorse(${sensor})"
+
+  sensors_run_cmd_with_progress "$logf" "$label" "$duration" "$hb" -- \
+    see_workhorse -sensor="$sensor" -sample_rate=max -duration="$duration" -display_events="$disp"
+
+  sensors_see_workhorse_passed "$logf"
+  return $?
+}
+
+sensors_run_ssc_drva_test() {
+  sensor="$1"
+  duration="$2"
+  outdir="$3"
+  hb="${4:-5}"
+
+  command -v ssc_drva_test >/dev/null 2>&1 || return 2
+
+  logf="$outdir/ssc_drva_test_${sensor}.log"
+  label="ssc_drva_test(${sensor})"
+
+  set -- ssc_drva_test -sensor="$sensor" -duration="$duration" -sample_rate=-1
+  if [ "$sensor" = "accel" ] && [ -n "${SENSORS_DRVA_NUM_SAMPLES:-}" ]; then
+    set -- "$@" -num_samples="${SENSORS_DRVA_NUM_SAMPLES}"
+  fi
+
+  sensors_run_cmd_with_progress "$logf" "$label" "$duration" "$hb" -- "$@"
+  rc=$?
+
+  grep -q '^FAIL' "$logf" 2>/dev/null && return 1
+  [ "$rc" -eq 0 ] && return 0
+  return 1
+}