diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_shared_internal/__init__.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_shared_internal/__init__.py
index 567bf41c347..9453a6c0688 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_shared_internal/__init__.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_shared_internal/__init__.py
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ def _at_fork_reinit(self):
         )
         self._worker_thread.start()
         self._pid = os.getpid()
+        self._bsp_reset_once = Once()
 
     def worker(self):
         while not self._shutdown:
@@ -199,8 +200,9 @@ def emit(self, data: Telemetry) -> None:
             _logger.info("Shutdown called, ignoring %s.", self._exporting)
             self._metrics.drop_items(1, "already_shutdown")
             return
+        reset_once = self._bsp_reset_once
         if self._pid != os.getpid():
-            self._bsp_reset_once.do_once(self._at_fork_reinit)
+            reset_once.do_once(self._at_fork_reinit)
         if len(self._queue) == self._max_queue_size:
             _logger.warning("Queue full, dropping %s.", self._exporting)
             self._metrics.drop_items(1)
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/shared_internal/test_batch_processor.py b/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/shared_internal/test_batch_processor.py
index 4592f3146b9..0772f0993e9 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/shared_internal/test_batch_processor.py
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/tests/shared_internal/test_batch_processor.py
@@ -332,6 +332,77 @@ def test_shutdown_allows_1_export_to_finish(self, batch_processor_class, telemet
         assert exporter.sleep_interrupted is True
         assert 2 == exporter.num_export_calls
 
+    def test_repeated_fork_fallback_reinitializes(self, batch_processor_class, telemetry):
+        exporter = Mock()
+        with unittest.mock.patch(
+            "opentelemetry.sdk._shared_internal.threading.Thread"
+        ) as mock_thread:
+            processor = batch_processor_class(
+                exporter,
+                max_queue_size=200,
+                max_export_batch_size=10,
+                schedule_delay_millis=30000,
+                export_timeout_millis=500,
+            )
+            bp = processor._batch_processor
+            initial_pid = bp._pid
+
+            try:
+                with unittest.mock.patch("os.getpid") as mock_getpid:
+                    # First fork fallback
+                    mock_getpid.return_value = initial_pid + 1
+                    bp.emit(telemetry)
+                    assert bp._pid == initial_pid + 1
+
+                    # Second fork fallback
+                    mock_getpid.return_value = initial_pid + 2
+                    bp.emit(telemetry)
+                    assert bp._pid == initial_pid + 2
+
+                assert mock_thread.call_count == 3
+            finally:
+                processor.shutdown()
+
+    def test_fork_fallback_concurrent_emit_race_does_not_duplicate_reinit(
+        self, batch_processor_class, telemetry
+    ):
+        exporter = Mock()
+        with unittest.mock.patch(
+            "opentelemetry.sdk._shared_internal.threading.Thread"
+        ) as mock_thread:
+            processor = batch_processor_class(
+                exporter,
+                max_queue_size=200,
+                max_export_batch_size=10,
+                schedule_delay_millis=30000,
+                export_timeout_millis=500,
+            )
+            bp = processor._batch_processor
+            initial_pid = bp._pid
+            new_pid = initial_pid + 1
+
+            try:
+                # Capture the guard before the PID check to simulate a thread
+                # that checked the PID right before a concurrent emit completed recovery.
+                guard_before_fork = bp._bsp_reset_once
+
+                with unittest.mock.patch("os.getpid", return_value=new_pid):
+                    # Concurrent thread runs emit(), triggering _at_fork_reinit and enqueuing telemetry
+                    bp.emit(telemetry)
+                    assert len(bp._queue) == 1
+                    assert bp._pid == new_pid
+                    assert bp._bsp_reset_once is not guard_before_fork
+                    assert mock_thread.call_count == 2
+
+                    # Resumed thread uses its captured guard instance:
+                    guard_before_fork.do_once(bp._at_fork_reinit)
+
+                    # Ensure recovery is not re-executed: telemetry is preserved and no extra worker is spawned
+                    assert len(bp._queue) == 1
+                    assert mock_thread.call_count == 2
+            finally:
+                processor.shutdown()
+
 
 class TestCommonFuncs(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_duplicate_logs_filter_works(self):