diff --git a/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.test.ts b/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.test.ts
index 9cd6101..686531f 100644
--- a/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.test.ts
+++ b/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.test.ts
@@ -269,3 +269,52 @@ test.describe('deriveElementList', () => {
     expect(roleName(result[2].locator)).toBe('Deep');
   });
 });
+
+// ---- Duplicate test IDs ----
+
+const SHARED_TEST_ID = 'PXGGridLayout-Info';
+
+function primaryKinds(roots: ViewNode[]): (string | undefined)[] {
+  return deriveElementList(roots).map(entry => entry.locator?.kind);
+}
+
+test.describe('deriveElementList — duplicate test IDs', () => {
+  test('shows role instead of testId when every duplicate has a unique role', () => {
+    const save = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Save' });
+    const cancel = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Cancel' });
+
+    const result = deriveElementList([save, cancel]);
+
+    expect(result.map(entry => roleName(entry.locator))).toEqual(['Save', 'Cancel']);
+    expect(result[0].locators.map(l => l.kind)).toEqual(['role', 'testId', 'label']);
+  });
+
+  test('keeps testId when two duplicates share the same role and name', () => {
+    const first = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Save' });
+    const second = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Save' });
+    const third = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Cancel' });
+
+    expect(primaryKinds([first, second, third])).toEqual(['testId', 'testId', 'testId']);
+  });
+
+  test('keeps testId when one duplicate has no role', () => {
+    const withRole = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Save' });
+    const withoutRole = node({ type: 'unknownwidget', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID });
+
+    expect(primaryKinds([withRole, withoutRole])).toEqual(['testId', 'testId']);
+  });
+
+  test('keeps testId when a role also matches an element outside the duplicate group', () => {
+    const save = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Save' });
+    const cancel = node({ type: 'button', identifier: SHARED_TEST_ID, label: 'Cancel' });
+    const otherSave = node({ type: 'button', identifier: 'other', label: 'Save' });
+
+    expect(primaryKinds([save, cancel, otherSave])).toEqual(['testId', 'testId', 'testId']);
+  });
+
+  test('leaves a unique testId alone', () => {
+    const only = node({ type: 'button', identifier: 'only-one', label: 'Save' });
+
+    expect(primaryKinds([only])).toEqual(['testId']);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.ts b/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.ts
index 60e913d..65357d6 100644
--- a/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.ts
+++ b/packages/inspector/src/lib/locator-derivation.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ export type Locator =
   | { kind: 'label';  value: string }
   | { kind: 'text';   value: string };
 
+interface ElementEntry {
+  node: ViewNode;
+  locator: Locator | null;
+  locators: Locator[];
+}
+
 /** Map node.type to a mobilewright role string. Returns null for unmapped types. */
 function deriveRole(node: ViewNode): string | null {
   // Same normalization core applies before matching: strips the Android package
@@ -75,14 +81,62 @@ export function deriveLocator(node: ViewNode): Locator | null {
   return deriveLocators(node)[0] ?? null;
 }
 
+type RoleLocator = Extract<Locator, { kind: 'role' }>;
+
+function roleKey(role: RoleLocator): string {
+  return `${role.value}:${role.name ?? ''}`;
+}
+
+function roleLocatorOf(locators: Locator[]): RoleLocator | undefined {
+  return locators.find((l): l is RoleLocator => l.kind === 'role');
+}
+
+/**
+ * When several elements share a test ID, getByTestId cannot tell them apart.
+ * If every element of such a group has a role locator that matches nothing else
+ * in the tree, promote role to the primary locator for the whole group.
+ */
+function preferUniqueRolesOverDuplicateTestIds(entries: ElementEntry[]): ElementEntry[] {
+  const testIdCounts = new Map<string, number>();
+  const roleCounts = new Map<string, number>();
+  const groupCanUseRoles = new Map<string, boolean>();
+
+  for (const { locator, locators } of entries) {
+    if (locator?.kind === 'testId') {
+      testIdCounts.set(locator.value, (testIdCounts.get(locator.value) ?? 0) + 1);
+    }
+    const role = roleLocatorOf(locators);
+    if (role) {
+      roleCounts.set(roleKey(role), (roleCounts.get(roleKey(role)) ?? 0) + 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (const { locator, locators } of entries) {
+    if (locator?.kind !== 'testId') {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const role = roleLocatorOf(locators);
+    const hasUniqueRole = role !== undefined && roleCounts.get(roleKey(role)) === 1;
+    groupCanUseRoles.set(locator.value, (groupCanUseRoles.get(locator.value) ?? true) && hasUniqueRole);
+  }
+
+  return entries.map(entry => {
+    const { locator, locators } = entry;
+    const role = roleLocatorOf(locators);
+    const isDuplicateTestId = locator?.kind === 'testId' && (testIdCounts.get(locator.value) ?? 0) > 1;
+    if (!isDuplicateTestId || !role || !groupCanUseRoles.get(locator.value)) {
+      return entry;
+    }
+    return { ...entry, locator: role, locators: [role, ...locators.filter(l => l !== role)] };
+  });
+}
+
 /**
  * Flatten a ViewNode tree depth-first and annotate each node with its locators.
  * Nodes with no locatable field are included with locators: [].
  */
-export function deriveElementList(
-  roots: ViewNode[],
-): Array<{ node: ViewNode; locator: Locator | null; locators: Locator[] }> {
-  const result: Array<{ node: ViewNode; locator: Locator | null; locators: Locator[] }> = [];
+export function deriveElementList(roots: ViewNode[]): ElementEntry[] {
+  const result: ElementEntry[] = [];
 
   function walk(nodes: ViewNode[]): void {
     for (const node of nodes) {
@@ -93,5 +147,5 @@ export function deriveElementList(
   }
 
   walk(roots);
-  return result;
+  return preferUniqueRolesOverDuplicateTestIds(result);
 }