Python: upgrade or widen Anthropic SDK dependency

[moonbox3]

Summary

The Python Anthropic provider currently pins the Anthropic SDK to a single patch release:

anthropic>=0.80.0,<0.80.1

PyPI currently has newer releases available. As of July 8, 2026, the latest anthropic package version is 0.116.0.

This means agent-framework-anthropic cannot pick up current SDK fixes or API shape updates without changing the dependency constraint.

Why this matters

This came up while reviewing structured-output behavior in the Anthropic provider. PR #5884 targets the current pinned SDK version and moves structured outputs from deprecated output_format usage to output_config.format, but the package constraint still prevents testing or using newer Anthropic SDK releases.

The tight <0.80.1 cap looks unusual for a provider package unless there is a known incompatibility with newer SDK versions.

Requested work

• Evaluate whether agent-framework-anthropic can upgrade to the latest Anthropic SDK or widen the supported version range.
• Run the Anthropic provider test suite against the widened/upgraded version.
• Check whether structured output, tools, streaming, Foundry, Bedrock, and Vertex paths still work with the newer SDK.
• If newer SDK versions are intentionally blocked, document the reason in the dependency constraint or package guidance.

Current evidence

• Current dependency: python/packages/anthropic/pyproject.toml pins anthropic>=0.80.0,<0.80.1.
• Current PyPI latest checked on July 8, 2026: anthropic==0.116.0.
• Related context: PR Python (anthropic): Migrate structured outputs to GA output_config.format #5884 updates structured-output request assembly for the current pinned SDK surface.