diff --git a/lib/utils.py b/lib/utils.py
index da97476..6b108f5 100644
--- a/lib/utils.py
+++ b/lib/utils.py
@@ -336,6 +336,42 @@ def is_lzma_bytes(file_bytes: bytes | BinaryIO) -> bool:
   return _peek_bytes(file_bytes, 6).startswith(b"\xfd\x37\x7a\x58\x5a\x00")
 
 
+def is_lzma_alone_bytes(file_bytes: bytes | BinaryIO) -> bool:
+  """Checks if the bytes/stream represent a legacy LZMA (.lzma) alone stream.
+
+  The XZ container carries the b"\\xfd7zXZ\\x00" magic, but the older
+  FORMAT_ALONE (.lzma) container has no magic bytes. lzma.open() decodes both
+  formats, so an alone-format stream has to be recognised from the structure of
+  its 13-byte header or it slips past archive routing.
+
+  Args:
+    file_bytes: The bytes or stream to check.
+
+  Returns:
+    True if the header matches a legacy LZMA alone stream, False otherwise.
+  """
+  peeked = _peek_bytes(file_bytes, 13)
+  if len(peeked) < 13:
+    return False
+  # Properties byte encodes (pb * 5 + lp) * 9 + lc; its maximum valid value is
+  # (4 * 5 + 4) * 9 + 8 == 224.
+  if peeked[0] > 224:
+    return False
+  dict_size = int.from_bytes(peeked[1:5], "little")
+  # Real encoders always pick a power-of-two dictionary size within the LZMA
+  # range of 4 KiB to 2 GiB.
+  if (
+      dict_size < (1 << 12)
+      or dict_size > (1 << 31)
+      or (dict_size & (dict_size - 1)) != 0
+  ):
+    return False
+  uncompressed_size = int.from_bytes(peeked[5:13], "little")
+  # The size field is either the streaming "unknown" sentinel or the real
+  # length, which comfortably fits in six bytes.
+  return uncompressed_size == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF or uncompressed_size < (1 << 48)
+
+
 def extract_lzma_contents(file_bytes: bytes | BinaryIO) -> IO[bytes]:
   """Extracts contents from lzma bytes/stream as a stream."""
   stream = (
diff --git a/saferpickle.py b/saferpickle.py
index 974f181..7278a7d 100644
--- a/saferpickle.py
+++ b/saferpickle.py
@@ -977,9 +977,13 @@ def security_scan(
       current_pos = pickle_bytes.tell()
       header = pickle_bytes.read(262)
       pickle_bytes.seek(current_pos)
-      if header.startswith(
-          (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
-      ) or (len(header) >= 262 and header[257:262] == b"ustar"):
+      if (
+          header.startswith(
+              (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
+          )
+          or (len(header) >= 262 and header[257:262] == b"ustar")
+          or utils.is_lzma_alone_bytes(header)
+      ):
         is_archive = True
 
     if is_archive:
@@ -993,6 +997,8 @@ def security_scan(
         archive_type = "lzma"
       elif archive_bytes.startswith(b"\x1f\x8b"):
         archive_type = "gzip"
+      elif utils.is_lzma_alone_bytes(archive_bytes):
+        archive_type = "lzma"
       else:
         archive_type = "tar"
       return _extract_and_scan_archive(
@@ -1024,7 +1030,9 @@ def security_scan(
             fail_fast=fail_fast,
             check_magic_bytes=check_magic_bytes,
         )
-      elif pickle_bytes.startswith(b"\xfd7zXZ\x00"):
+      elif pickle_bytes.startswith(b"\xfd7zXZ\x00") or utils.is_lzma_alone_bytes(
+          pickle_bytes
+      ):
         return _extract_and_scan_archive(
             pickle_bytes,
             "lzma",
@@ -1249,9 +1257,13 @@ def _security_scan_internal(
     stream.seek(0)
     header_bytes = stream.read(1024)
     stream.seek(current_pos)
-    is_archive = header_bytes.startswith(
-        (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
-    ) or (len(header_bytes) >= 262 and header_bytes[257:262] == b"ustar")
+    is_archive = (
+        header_bytes.startswith(
+            (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
+        )
+        or (len(header_bytes) >= 262 and header_bytes[257:262] == b"ustar")
+        or utils.is_lzma_alone_bytes(header_bytes)
+    )
     if not is_archive:
       start_offset = utils.find_pickle_start_offset(stream)
     else:
@@ -1413,9 +1425,13 @@ def _scan_and_load(
       current_pos = pickle_file.tell()
       pickle_file.seek(0)
       header_bytes = pickle_file.read(1024)
-      is_archive = header_bytes.startswith(
-          (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
-      ) or (len(header_bytes) >= 262 and header_bytes[257:262] == b"ustar")
+      is_archive = (
+          header_bytes.startswith(
+              (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
+          )
+          or (len(header_bytes) >= 262 and header_bytes[257:262] == b"ustar")
+          or utils.is_lzma_alone_bytes(header_bytes)
+      )
       if not is_archive:
         start_offset = utils.find_pickle_start_offset(header_bytes)
       else:
@@ -1433,9 +1449,13 @@ def _scan_and_load(
     if not isinstance(pickle_file_or_bytes, bytes):
       raise TypeError("pickle_file_or_bytes must be bytes when is_load=False")
     data_bytes = pickle_file_or_bytes
-    is_archive = data_bytes.startswith(
-        (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
-    ) or (len(data_bytes) >= 262 and data_bytes[257:262] == b"ustar")
+    is_archive = (
+        data_bytes.startswith(
+            (b"PK\x03\x04", b"BZh", b"\xfd7zXZ\x00", b"\x1f\x8b")
+        )
+        or (len(data_bytes) >= 262 and data_bytes[257:262] == b"ustar")
+        or utils.is_lzma_alone_bytes(data_bytes)
+    )
     if not is_archive:
       start_offset = utils.find_pickle_start_offset(data_bytes)
     else: