diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/69.31_JULY_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/69.31_JULY_2026.md index a723695..ff95150 100644 --- a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/69.31_JULY_2026.md +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/69.31_JULY_2026.md @@ -1,7 +1,13 @@ +# AWS & DevOps Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Motivation + ### Can you talk to us a little bit about why you're interested in joining Southwest Airlines? ### Can you talk to us about something that you've learned recently? +## AWS + ### What are the three biggest AWS services that you use on a regular basis most often? ### What is one of the most important lessons you've learned from either IAM or EKS? @@ -22,10 +28,6 @@ ## Kubernetes & Containers -### What are the three biggest AWS services that you use on a regular basis most often? - -### What is one of the most important lessons you've learned from either IAM or EKS? - ### What would go into the decision of choosing between Lambda, ECS, and EKS? ### Have you written Dockerfiles? @@ -52,6 +54,8 @@ ### What guardrails do you put around AI-generated infrastructure or code? -### Can you tell me what kind of Python scripting you've done and how you've used it in your day-to-day work? +### Can you tell me what kind of Python scripting you've done and how you've used it in your day-to-day work? + +## Final Questions ### What questions do you have for us? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/70.1_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/70.1_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e4ec01 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/70.1_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +# GCP DevOps Interview Questions + +## GCP IAM & Security + +1. Do you know how IAM roles and IAM deny policies work? + +2. Can you give scenarios for IAM roles and IAM deny policies? + +3. How do IAM role bindings and IAM deny policies work? + +4. How are IAM permissions inherited from the organization to folders, projects, and resources? + +5. How would you give access to different teams such as Developers, Data Engineers, and HR in a GCP organization? + +6. How would you separate access to resources for different departments? + +7. If access is granted at the organization level but removed at the project level, will the user still be able to perform that action? + +8. How do you work with Organization Policies? + +9. What is the difference between IAM and Organization Policy? + +10. How can Organization Policies be used as preventive controls? + +## GCP VPC & Networking + +1. How would you create two VPC networks in different regions that cannot communicate with each other? + +2. How would you create a centralized network that can be used by multiple projects? + +3. What is a Shared VPC? + +4. If you create two subnets in different regions within the same VPC, can they communicate with each other? + +5. How would you guarantee complete network isolation between two regions? + +6. What is VPC Service Controls? + +7. What does VPC Service Controls prevent? + +8. What type of calls are prevented by VPC Service Controls? + +9. If you create a GCS bucket, what happens when someone tries to read it from outside the VPC Service Controls perimeter? + +10. When creating VPC Service Controls ingress and egress rules, what would be your target? + +## GCP Serverless + +1. Have you worked with serverless services on Google Cloud? + +2. What is your experience with Cloud Run? + +3. What is your experience with Cloud Functions? + +4. When would you use Cloud Run? + +5. When would you use Cloud Functions? + +## GCP VM Access + +1. How would you connect to a GCP VM without creating private and public SSH keys? + +2. What is OS Login? + +3. Why would you use IAP for VM access? + +4. What does Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP) do? + +5. What is the difference between OS Login and IAP? + +6. If port 22 is already open, why would you use IAP? + +7. How does OS Login control SSH access to a VM? + +8. How does the VM know who you are when using OS Login? + +9. How is the SSH key controlled by OS Login? + +10. When using OS Login, do you need access to the service account attached to the VM? + +11. What IAM permissions are required to SSH into a VM using OS Login? + +## Terraform + +1. How do you use Terraform in your GCP environment? + +2. How do you manage Terraform infrastructure across different environments? + +3. How do you secure Terraform deployments in a banking environment? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/71_SRE_1_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/71_SRE_1_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7243cd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/71_SRE_1_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +# DevOps / SRE Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Experience + +1. Can you introduce yourself? + +2. Why are you planning to move from your current organization? + +3. Can you explain what you are currently doing in your organization? + +4. Which cloud platform do you have experience with? + +## Behavioral & Situational + +1. Suppose you are on an incident call and two teams come to you with two different solutions. As a DevOps engineer, you need to choose only one. How would you manage the situation? + +2. Suppose you are conducting a project meeting and two team members strongly disagree with your proposed solution. How would you communicate with them and explain your problem statement and solution? + +## Kubernetes + +1. Suppose microservices in an EKS cluster are repeatedly restarting and causing intermittent user impact. How would you investigate the issue? + +2. How would you design infrastructure on Kubernetes for five micro frontends and 18 APIs with high availability, low latency, and optimized resource utilization? + +3. How would you use separate node groups for frontend and backend workloads? + +4. How would you expose multiple microservices using an Ingress Controller and an Application Load Balancer? + +5. How would you configure custom subdomains to route to the correct internal Kubernetes services? + +6. How would you configure TLS for an application exposed through Kubernetes Ingress? + +7. What is a Kubernetes ServiceAccount? + +8. How would you connect external tools to Kubernetes APIs using a ServiceAccount? + +9. How do you create a token for a Kubernetes ServiceAccount? + +10. What is the recommended way to generate ServiceAccount tokens in current Kubernetes versions? + +## Observability & Monitoring + +1. Have you worked with Splunk? + +2. What are Splunk APM and Splunk RUM? + +3. How would you implement full-stack observability using APM and RUM? + +4. Suppose user login is intermittently failing. How would you diagnose the issue? + +5. What metrics, logs, traces, and application components would you check while troubleshooting intermittent login failures? + +## API Gateway & Request Flow + +1. What is an API Gateway? + +2. How does a request travel from an external user to an internal Kubernetes cluster? + +3. How does DNS, the Application Load Balancer, Ingress, Kubernetes Service, and Pod work together in the request flow? + +## Multi-Region AWS & Disaster Recovery + +1. Suppose the same application is deployed in two EKS clusters across two regions, such as US East and US West. How would routing and failover work? + +2. How would you configure Route 53 for multi-region traffic routing? + +3. How would you implement health checks and automatic failover between two EKS regions? + +4. What would happen if one region becomes unhealthy? + +## CI/CD + +1. Can you walk me through your CI/CD pipeline process? + +2. What happens from the time a developer commits code until the application is deployed to EKS? + +3. How do you integrate Git, Jenkins, Maven, SonarQube, Docker, ECR, Kubernetes, and Argo CD into a CI/CD pipeline? + +4. What happens when the SonarQube quality gate fails? + +5. How do you perform container vulnerability scanning in the CI/CD pipeline? + +6. How does Argo CD deploy an updated application version to EKS? + +7. How do you monitor a deployment after it is released? + +8. What would you do if an issue is detected immediately after deployment? + +## Terraform + +1. Can you explain your Terraform project and what you worked on? + +2. How did you use Terraform to manage AWS infrastructure? + +3. How did you design reusable Terraform modules? + +4. How did you manage Terraform infrastructure across development, QA, staging, and production environments? + +5. Which AWS resources did you provision using Terraform? + +6. Where did you store the Terraform state? + +7. Why did you use an S3 bucket and DynamoDB for Terraform state management and locking? + +8. How did you organize your Terraform code into modules? + +9. What Terraform commands do you run before applying infrastructure changes? + +## AWS Infrastructure & DevOps Design + +1. Suppose you need to deploy a microservice in AWS. How would you design the infrastructure and DevOps workflow starting from a code commit? + +2. How would you design the AWS infrastructure using Terraform for a production microservice? + +3. How would you design the VPC, subnets, Internet Gateway, NAT Gateway, security groups, IAM roles, EKS, ECR, Application Load Balancer, Route 53, and CloudWatch for the application? + +4. What would the complete workflow look like from a Git commit to deployment in EKS? + +5. How would you integrate security and quality checks into the deployment workflow? + +6. How would you handle application rollback if a deployment causes issues? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/72.DevOps and SRE 3_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/72.DevOps and SRE 3_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4eeb86e --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/72.DevOps and SRE 3_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ +# DevOps & SRE Interview Questions + +## Experience & Introduction + +1. Can you introduce yourself and explain your experience as a DevOps Engineer? + +2. What are your current roles and responsibilities? + +3. How does your typical day start as a DevOps Engineer? + +## DevOps & SRE + +1. What is the difference between DevOps and SRE? + +2. What is the primary focus of DevOps? + +3. What is the primary focus of SRE? + +4. What are SLA, SLO, and error budgets? + +5. How does SRE help improve reliability and reduce MTTR? + +## Kubernetes & EKS Troubleshooting + +1. Suppose you have an EKS environment with a Kubernetes cluster configured using Terraform, running multiple microservices. A client reports that one feature of the application is not working, but your Grafana and Prometheus dashboards show no abnormalities. How would you troubleshoot the issue? + +2. How would you troubleshoot an application issue when infrastructure monitoring is completely healthy? + +3. How would you trace a request from the Load Balancer to the Kubernetes Ingress, Service, and Pod? + +4. Which Kubernetes commands would you use to troubleshoot a failing application? + +5. How would you analyze application logs when a specific feature is failing? + +6. What application-level errors would you look for when infrastructure metrics are healthy? + +## Incident Management & On-Call + +1. Suppose you are an on-call engineer on a weekend and receive a P1 alert that the payment system is down. What steps would you take? + +2. How would you prioritize a P1 incident involving a payment system? + +3. What would you do immediately after receiving a P1 alert? + +4. How would you troubleshoot a P1 incident when not all teams are available? + +5. How would you handle a payment outage caused by a third-party service? + +6. What would you do if there was no recent deployment and the payment system suddenly stopped working? + +7. How would you determine whether the issue is within your infrastructure or with a third-party provider? + +8. How would you communicate with stakeholders during a major incident? + +9. When would you rollback a deployment during a P1 incident? + +10. How would you handle an incident when the rollback is not applicable? + +## SOP & Operational Processes + +1. What is the role and importance of SOPs in your day-to-day work? + +2. Where do you use SOPs in production operations? + +3. Why would you need an SOP for something simple like restarting a service? + +4. When should an SOP be followed instead of relying on personal experience? + +5. How can SOPs help during production deployments and major incidents? + +## Task & Shift Management + +1. Suppose you are assigned three or four tasks during your shift while also being responsible for production monitoring. How would you plan your day? + +2. How would you balance planned work, monitoring, and incident response? + +3. What would you do if a P1 incident occurs while you are working on a planned task? + +4. How would you prioritize your work during a production incident? + +5. How would you continue your planned work after resolving an incident? + +## Incident Call & Communication + +1. During a P1 incident call, what would be your contribution? + +2. Would you wait until someone calls your name before contributing during an incident? + +3. How would you take ownership of the infrastructure or deployment area during an incident? + +4. How would you communicate your troubleshooting progress during an incident bridge? + +5. How would you handle troubleshooting while sharing your screen with a large incident team? + +6. How would you explain your troubleshooting steps while working on an incident? + +7. How would you handle an incident when senior leaders, directors, or executives are present on the call? + +## Knowledge Sharing & Team Collaboration + +1. How would you ensure that your technical knowledge is transferred to other team members? + +2. How would you make sure knowledge sharing is retained instead of being forgotten after a training session? + +3. How would you rotate responsibilities within a DevOps team to improve team capability? + +4. How would you use hands-on practice to improve knowledge retention? + +5. How would you use post-incident RCA sessions for knowledge sharing? + +6. How would you maintain technical documentation so knowledge does not remain with a single individual? + +## RCA & Problem Management + +1. Have you worked on problem management? + +2. Have you written an RCA or supported another team with RCA activities? + +3. How do you perform Root Cause Analysis after a production incident? + +4. What information do you collect while preparing an RCA? + +5. How do you identify the root cause of a production incident? + +6. What preventive actions would you implement after an incident? + +7. How would you prevent the same issue from happening again? + +## Incident Troubleshooting + +1. What is your primary role during a production incident? + +2. How do you determine whether an issue is related to infrastructure, Kubernetes, application code, or an external dependency? + +3. How do you troubleshoot Kubernetes infrastructure during an incident? + +4. How do you use CloudWatch, Prometheus, Grafana, and Kubernetes logs during troubleshooting? + +5. How do you handle an incident when the infrastructure is healthy but the application is failing? + +## Adaptability & Learning + +1. How comfortable are you with learning and adopting new technologies? + +2. How would you respond if your organization replaced an existing monitoring tool with a new platform? + +3. How do you adapt when a technology or tool used by your team changes? + +4. How do you ensure that you can work effectively with a new tool in a production environment? + +5. How would you handle a situation where you are experienced with one technology but the organization moves to another technology? + +## Work Environment + +1. Are you comfortable working from the office? + +2. Are you comfortable working in a hybrid environment? + +3. Are you comfortable relocating to Bangalore? + +4. Are you comfortable working in shifts? + +5. Are you comfortable working in rotational shifts including night shifts? + +6. Are you comfortable working with non-fixed weekly offs? + +7. How do you manage your work effectively while working in a shift-based support model? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/73.HR_3_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/73.HR_3_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ecec5e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/73.HR_3_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +# HR Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Interview Experience + +1. Can you give a quick overall introduction about yourself and your interview experience? + +2. How was your conversation with the technical interviewer? + +3. How was your overall interview experience? + +## Current Organization & Experience + +1. Which organization are you currently working with? + +2. What are your current roles and responsibilities? + +3. How long have you been working with your current organization? + +4. Why did you leave your current company? + +5. What was your last working day? + +6. Are you currently working or looking for a new opportunity? + +## Company Knowledge + +1. How much do you know about Topstream as a company? + +## Location & Relocation + +1. You are currently based in Hyderabad. Are you comfortable relocating to Noida? + +2. Have you been exploring opportunities in Hyderabad and Bangalore? + +3. Since Hyderabad is your current location, why would you choose Noida over Hyderabad? + +4. If you receive an offer in Hyderabad and an offer from our organization in Noida, how would you decide? + +5. Are you comfortable working from Noida for the long term? + +6. When would you be able to relocate to Noida? + +7. How would you arrange accommodation after relocating to Noida? + +## Canada Experience & Relocation + +1. When you went to Canada for higher education, what was your plan after completing your studies? + +2. Was your plan to work in Canada after completing your education? + +3. Why did you return to India after completing your studies? + +4. Were you getting job opportunities in Canada? + +5. How did your experience in Canada help you adapt to new environments? + +## Technical Skills & Scripting + +1. What scripting languages do you use in your day-to-day work? + +2. Do you primarily use Python or Bash? + +3. What tasks have you automated using Bash scripting? + +4. What tasks have you automated using Python? + +## Career Goals & Stability + +1. What are your long-term career goals? + +2. Are you looking for a long-term opportunity with the organization? + +3. Since your family is in Hyderabad, are you comfortable staying in Noida for the long term? + +4. Are you looking for stability and continuous growth in your next organization? + +## Compensation & Employment + +1. What was your last compensation? + +2. When did you leave your previous organization? + +3. Did you leave your previous organization without another offer? + +4. Why did you decide to leave without having another offer? + +5. What are you doing currently after leaving your previous organization? + +6. Do you have any work experience in Canada? + +7. What was your role in Canada? + +8. How did you fund your education in Canada? + +## Relocation & Joining + +1. If you get selected, when can you join the organization in Noida? + +2. Do you have any friends or contacts in Noida who can help you find accommodation? + +3. How would you search for accommodation after relocating to Noida? + +## Work Experience Background + +1. How did you get the opportunity to start your career in DevOps? + +2. How did you transition from your previous experience into DevOps? + +3. What was your experience before entering the DevOps field? + +4. Why did you choose DevOps as your career? + +## Final HR Questions + +1. Do you have any questions for us? + +2. Do you have any questions regarding the benefits? + +3. Do you have any questions regarding relocation assistance? + +4. Do you have any questions regarding accommodation support? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/74.K8s_3_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/74.K8s_3_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd947bb --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/74.K8s_3_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ +# Kubernetes & DevOps Interview Questions + +## Kubernetes Deployment + +1. Was the application deployed using Helm charts or Kubernetes manifests? + +2. What kind of applications have you usually deployed? + +3. How do you deploy Java-based Spring Boot microservices using Helm and Kubernetes? + +4. How do you manage environment-specific configurations for Development, QA, and Production? + +## Kubernetes Architecture + +1. When you run `kubectl apply` or trigger a Helm deployment, what happens in the background? + +2. What happens internally when a Kubernetes deployment is triggered? + +3. What is the role of the Kubernetes API Server during a deployment? + +4. What is stored in `etcd` during a Kubernetes deployment? + +5. What does the Deployment Controller do after the desired state changes? + +6. What does the Kubernetes Scheduler do when a new Pod needs to be assigned to a node? + +7. What does the Kubelet do after a Pod is scheduled to a worker node? + +8. How does the container runtime participate in starting a Kubernetes Pod? + +## Kubernetes Components + +1. What is the difference between the Kubernetes Scheduler and Controller Manager? + +2. What is the responsibility of the Kubernetes Scheduler? + +3. What are the factors considered by the Kubernetes Scheduler when selecting a node? + +4. What is the responsibility of the Kubernetes Controller Manager? + +5. Which controllers are managed by the Kubernetes Controller Manager? + +## Kubernetes Ingress + +1. What is the role of Ingress in Kubernetes? + +2. Why would you use an Ingress instead of exposing every application with a separate LoadBalancer service? + +3. How does Ingress route traffic to different microservices? + +4. How can you configure path-based routing using Ingress? + +5. How can you configure host-based routing using Ingress? + +6. How does an AWS Load Balancer Controller work with Kubernetes Ingress? + +7. How does external traffic flow from an Application Load Balancer to a Kubernetes Service and then to a Pod? + +8. Does Kubernetes Ingress support TLS termination? + +## Service Mesh & Istio + +1. If Istio is already running as a service mesh in your Kubernetes cluster, do you still need a separate Kubernetes Ingress Controller? + +2. What is the role of the Istio Ingress Gateway? + +3. How does Istio handle external traffic routing? + +4. How does Istio perform TLS termination and advanced traffic management? + +5. Does Istio support the Kubernetes Gateway API? + +6. Can you use the Kubernetes Gateway API instead of Istio VirtualService resources? + +## Kubernetes YAML + +1. Can you write a Deployment YAML for a sample Nginx application? + +2. What fields are required in a Kubernetes Deployment YAML? + +3. How would you define CPU and memory requests and limits in a Kubernetes Deployment? + +## Python & Kubernetes Automation + +1. Can you write a Python script that checks whether Kubernetes containers have resource limits configured? + +2. How would you modify the script to add standard resource limits when they are missing? + +3. How would you apply different CPU and memory requests and limits to Kubernetes containers? + +## Helm + +1. Can you explain the structure of a Helm chart? + +2. What is the purpose of `Chart.yaml`? + +3. What is the purpose of `values.yaml`? + +4. What is the purpose of the `templates` directory? + +5. What is the purpose of the `helpers` template file? + +6. What is the purpose of the `charts` directory? + +7. What is the purpose of the `.helmignore` file? + +8. How do you manage different values for Development, QA, and Production using Helm? + +9. How do you deploy a Helm chart using a CI/CD pipeline? + +10. What is the purpose of the `helm upgrade --install` command? + +## CI/CD & DevOps + +1. What does your CI/CD pipeline look like? + +2. Which tools do you primarily use for source code management, build, deployment, and monitoring? + +3. How do you automate Docker container deployments into a Kubernetes cluster using Jenkins? + +4. How do you use Ansible for server configuration and software installation? + +5. How do you use Prometheus, Grafana, and CloudWatch for monitoring? + +6. How do you ensure reliable and zero-downtime application releases? + +## Cloud & Infrastructure + +1. What cloud infrastructure have you worked with? + +2. How do you manage cloud infrastructure using Terraform? + +3. How do you integrate Kubernetes and cloud infrastructure into your DevOps workflow? + +4. How would you deploy third-party applications into a hybrid cloud platform? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/75.Ansible_3_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/75.Ansible_3_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9f40c32 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/75.Ansible_3_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +# Ansible & DevOps Interview Questions + +## Ansible Fundamentals + +1. What are Ansible Facts? + +2. What information does Ansible collect as Facts? + +3. Which Ansible module is used to gather Facts? + +4. How can Ansible Facts be used to make playbooks dynamic and environment-aware? + +## Ansible Playbooks + +1. Can you explain one Ansible playbook that you have written? + +2. What steps would you include in an Ansible playbook for installing and starting an Apache web server? + +3. What is the purpose of the `hosts` section in an Ansible playbook? + +4. What is the purpose of `become` in Ansible? + +5. What is the purpose of `gather_facts` in Ansible? + +6. What is the purpose of the `tasks` section in an Ansible playbook? + +7. Which Ansible module would you use to install Apache on a Red Hat-based system? + +8. What is the purpose of `state: present` in an Ansible task? + +9. Which Ansible module would you use to start a service? + +10. What is the purpose of `state: started`? + +11. What is the purpose of `enabled: true` when managing a service? + +12. How would you verify that an Apache web server is running and accessible after an Ansible deployment? + +## Ansible Inventory + +1. Suppose the Ansible inventory file is deleted. How would you run the playbook? + +2. How can you provide the target server directly from the command line when the inventory file is unavailable? + +3. How would you execute an Ansible playbook against multiple servers without an inventory file? + +## Ansible Troubleshooting + +1. If an Ansible playbook returns an error while running, how would you troubleshoot it? + +2. How would you increase the verbosity of Ansible output while troubleshooting? + +3. How would you verify whether Ansible can connect to the target server? + +4. Which Ansible command can you use to test connectivity to managed hosts? + +5. How would you check the syntax of an Ansible playbook? + +6. How would you perform a dry run of an Ansible playbook without making changes? + +7. If package installation fails in Ansible, what would you check? + +8. How would you troubleshoot an Ansible permission-related failure? + +9. How would you troubleshoot an issue related to Ansible variables? + +10. How would you troubleshoot a service-related failure in an Ansible playbook? + +11. How would you troubleshoot an issue involving Jinja2 templates? + +## Ansible User Management + +1. Suppose you need to create 10 users across 100 Linux servers using Ansible. How would you automate it? + +2. How would you generate passwords for users using Ansible? + +3. Why should you avoid hardcoding passwords in an Ansible playbook? + +4. How would you securely manage user passwords in Ansible? + +5. How would you use Ansible loops to create multiple users in a single playbook? + +6. How would you avoid writing separate tasks for each user? + +7. How would you organize the list of users using Ansible variables? + +## Ansible AWX / Ansible Tower + +1. How experienced are you with Ansible AWX or Ansible Tower? + +2. What is an Ansible Workflow? + +3. What is the purpose of a Workflow in AWX or Ansible Tower? + +4. How would you create a workflow for server patching? + +5. How can you configure success and failure conditions in an Ansible Workflow? + +6. How would you connect multiple Ansible Job Templates in a Workflow? + +7. How can you manage and execute Ansible playbooks through the AWX web UI? + +8. Where should Ansible playbooks be stored when using AWX or Ansible Tower? + +## Git & Ansible + +1. Where do you store your Ansible playbooks? + +2. Why should Ansible playbooks be stored in a Git repository instead of locally? + +3. How would you integrate Git with AWX or Ansible Tower? + +## Ansible Galaxy + +1. What is Ansible Galaxy? + +2. What is the purpose of Ansible Galaxy? + +3. How can Ansible Galaxy help you reuse existing Ansible automation? + +4. What are Ansible Roles and Collections? + +5. How would you use Ansible Galaxy to install a pre-built role? + +6. When would you use an existing Ansible Galaxy role instead of writing your own playbook? + +## DevOps + +1. How do you use Ansible for server patching? + +2. How do you use Ansible for software installation? + +3. How do you integrate Ansible with your CI/CD pipeline? + +4. How do you use Ansible along with Terraform in your DevOps environment? + +5. How do you use Ansible with Docker and Kubernetes? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/76.4_Aug_2-2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/76.4_Aug_2-2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e311bbe --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/76.4_Aug_2-2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +# Senior Cloud Engineer Interview Questions + +## DevOps & Experience + +1. Can you introduce yourself and explain your DevOps experience? + +2. What are your current roles and responsibilities as an AWS DevOps Engineer? + +3. What tools and technologies do you use in your current organization? + +4. Which AWS services do you have hands-on experience with? + +## Day-to-Day Activities + +1. How does your typical day start as a DevOps Engineer? + +2. What do you check in Jenkins after your daily scrum call? + +3. How do you troubleshoot a failed Jenkins pipeline? + +4. How do you monitor Kubernetes clusters after deployment? + +5. Which tools do you use to monitor Kubernetes? + +## Datadog Monitoring + +1. Have you worked with Datadog? + +2. Suppose you have a Datadog dashboard containing metrics for application pools, databases, web servers, load balancers, and IIS. How would you manage the different monitoring thresholds? + +3. How would you create different alerts for different metrics in Datadog? + +4. How would you configure a 90% CPU utilization threshold in Datadog? + +5. How would you configure database read and write thresholds in Datadog? + +6. How would you create different notification channels for different Datadog alerts? + +7. How would you send different alerts to Microsoft Teams, Slack, and email? + +8. How would you configure warning and critical thresholds for Datadog monitors? + +9. How would you route infrastructure alerts to one communication channel and Kubernetes or application alerts to another? + +10. How would you configure critical production alerts to be sent to multiple channels? + +## Location & Work Environment + +1. Are you comfortable relocating from Hyderabad to Bangalore? + +2. Are you comfortable working from the office five days a week? + +3. Are you comfortable working in rotational shifts? + +4. Are you comfortable working in a client-support environment? + +## Availability & Compensation + +1. Are you currently serving your notice period? + +2. What was your last working day? + +3. When can you join? + +4. What is your current CTC? + +5. What are your salary expectations? + +## Role & Team + +1. How many members are there in the team? + +2. Are you comfortable working as part of an expanding team? + +3. Are you comfortable working in a Senior Cloud Engineer role? + +4. Are you comfortable working across the full cloud stack? + +5. Are you comfortable working on core cloud functionality? + +6. Are you comfortable with a role focused on monitoring and incident management? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/77.Aws_DevOps_4_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/77.Aws_DevOps_4_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..83f4df1 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/77.Aws_DevOps_4_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,223 @@ +# DevOps & SRE Interview Questions + +## AWS & EKS + +1. Who will provide the infrastructure and deployment requirements? + +2. How do you work with developers, architects, QA, and product owners to understand infrastructure and deployment requirements? + +3. What version of EKS have you worked with? + +4. How often do you upgrade your EKS clusters? + +5. What is the current EKS version? + +6. Suppose your production EKS cluster is running version 1.29 and you need to upgrade it to the latest supported version. How would you approach the upgrade? + +7. How would you ensure that a production EKS upgrade does not cause downtime or application failure? + +8. If AWS does not allow a direct upgrade from your current EKS version to the target version, how would you handle the upgrade? + +9. How would you perform an EKS blue/green cluster upgrade instead of multiple sequential in-place upgrades? + +## Terraform & Infrastructure Automation + +1. You mentioned that you reduced environment provisioning time by 45%. Can you explain how you achieved it? + +2. How did you use Terraform and Ansible to automate infrastructure provisioning? + +3. How did you make your Terraform infrastructure reusable and version controlled? + +4. How do you securely provide S3 access to a Pod running in EKS? + +5. How would you configure IAM Roles for Service Accounts (IRSA) for an EKS workload that needs access to S3? + +6. How do you design Terraform for multiple environments? + +7. As a senior DevOps engineer, how would you design the Terraform architecture for a project with multiple environments? + +8. Would you keep networking, EKS, IAM, and application infrastructure in one Terraform project or split them into multiple projects? + +9. Why would you divide Terraform infrastructure into multiple projects or logical layers? + +10. How would you design Terraform so that adding a new environment does not require changes to the base infrastructure design? + +11. How would you separate reusable Terraform modules from environment-specific configuration? + +## Kubernetes Troubleshooting + +1. Suppose you run `kubectl` or `helm upgrade`, but the Kubernetes Deployment is not getting updated and there are no events in `kubectl describe`. How would you troubleshoot it? + +2. If there are no Kubernetes events, where would you look to determine why a Deployment is not being reconciled? + +3. What is the role of the Kubernetes Deployment Controller? + +4. How would you verify whether the Kubernetes API Server accepted the updated Deployment? + +5. How would you check whether a new ReplicaSet was created for a Deployment? + +6. How would you troubleshoot a Kubernetes Deployment issue from the Controller Manager side? + +## DevSecOps + +1. What is the difference between DevOps and DevSecOps? + +2. What does security mean in a DevOps process? + +3. How does the Shift-Left security approach differ from traditional DevOps? + +4. Why should security be integrated throughout the software development lifecycle? + +5. What security practices have you implemented in your CI/CD pipeline? + +6. How do you scan source code for vulnerabilities? + +7. How do you scan Docker images for vulnerabilities? + +8. How do you scan Terraform or Infrastructure as Code for security issues? + +9. How do you prevent AWS access keys, passwords, and tokens from being committed to Git? + +10. If tools such as SonarQube have existed for many years, what is different about DevSecOps? + +11. How does DevSecOps change security ownership compared with traditional development and operations processes? + +## CI/CD Pipeline + +1. Which CI/CD tools do you use? + +2. Have you implemented DevSecOps in your current CI/CD pipeline? + +3. How long does your complete CI/CD pipeline typically take? + +4. What are the different stages in your CI/CD pipeline? + +5. Can you explain the complete CI/CD pipeline for a Java Spring Boot microservice? + +6. How do you optimize a CI/CD pipeline without removing security and quality checks? + +7. How can you run independent CI/CD stages in parallel? + +8. If one parallel stage fails, what happens to the downstream stages? + +9. How would you reduce a 20-minute Java Spring Boot pipeline to approximately 10 minutes? + +10. How would caching improve Maven builds and Docker image builds? + +11. How would you optimize SonarQube, unit testing, Docker scanning, image pushing, and deployment stages? + +## Production Incident & Troubleshooting + +1. Can you describe a recent production incident where you faced a problem and how you fixed it? + +2. Suppose a new application deployment to EKS causes HTTP 5xx errors and users report that the application is unavailable. How would you troubleshoot it? + +3. What would you check when multiple Pods enter the `CrashLoopBackOff` state after a deployment? + +4. Why does Kubernetes self-healing not always solve application failures? + +5. If Kubernetes automatically recreates a failed Pod, but the replacement Pod fails again, what could be the root cause? + +6. As a DevOps engineer, what is your responsibility after Kubernetes has automatically recovered a service? + +7. How would you identify whether a production issue is caused by infrastructure, configuration, or application code? + +8. How would you improve your CI/CD pipeline after discovering that an invalid configuration reached production? + +## Istio & Service Mesh + +1. Have you worked with Istio? + +2. Which Istio architecture or deployment model have you worked with? + +3. What is the traditional Istio sidecar architecture? + +4. Suppose you have 40–50 microservices and do not want to inject a sidecar proxy into every Pod. How would you optimize the architecture? + +5. What is Istio Ambient Mode? + +6. How does Istio Ambient Mode reduce CPU and memory consumption compared with the traditional sidecar model? + +## Monitoring & Observability + +1. What type of monitoring do you perform in your current application? + +2. How do you use Prometheus, Grafana, and CloudWatch for infrastructure and application monitoring? + +3. What Kubernetes and application metrics do you monitor? + +4. How do you monitor logs in your environment? + +5. How do you centralize Kubernetes and application logs? + +6. How do ELK Stack, Fluent Bit/Fluentd, Elasticsearch, and Kibana work together? + +7. How do you correlate logs with Prometheus and Grafana metrics during an incident? + +## Application Monitoring + +1. How do you monitor application performance? + +2. What application-level metrics do you monitor? + +3. How do you measure request rate, latency, response time, and HTTP error rates? + +4. How do you obtain application latency metrics instead of only infrastructure metrics? + +5. How does Spring Boot Actuator work with Micrometer and Prometheus? + +6. How does an application expose metrics to Prometheus? + +## OpenTelemetry + +1. Have you worked with OpenTelemetry? + +2. What do you use OpenTelemetry for? + +3. What is the difference between OpenTelemetry and Prometheus? + +4. Can OpenTelemetry replace Prometheus? + +5. Can OpenTelemetry replace Grafana? + +6. Why do you need a backend or database when using OpenTelemetry? + +7. Where does OpenTelemetry send the telemetry data it collects? + +8. How would you design an observability stack using OpenTelemetry, Prometheus, Grafana, and a distributed tracing tool? + +9. For a new project, would you choose OpenTelemetry or Prometheus? + +10. Why would you use both OpenTelemetry and Prometheus? + +11. How would OpenTelemetry help you avoid vendor lock-in? + +## Availability & Downtime Reporting + +1. How do you define application downtime? + +2. Is downtime only when the service completely stops? + +3. How would you identify downtime caused by retries, database connectivity issues, or dependency failures? + +4. How would you generate a monthly application health and downtime report? + +5. What Service Level Indicators (SLIs) would you use to measure application health? + +6. How would you monitor application availability, failed business transactions, HTTP 5xx errors, response-time breaches, and dependency failures? + +7. How would you calculate the start time, end time, and duration of each availability incident? + +8. How would you generate a monthly report from recorded monitoring events? + +## HR & Availability + +1. Have you already resigned from your current organization? + +2. What is your last working day? + +3. Do you currently have any other offers? + +4. Are you currently in the final stages with other companies? + +5. Do you have any questions for me? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/78.Grafana_observability_5_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/78.Grafana_observability_5_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b62c0e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/78.Grafana_observability_5_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ +# Grafana & Observability Interview Questions + +## Grafana & Monitoring + +1. What are your day-to-day activities with respect to monitoring and observability? + +2. How do you monitor the health and performance of applications and infrastructure? + +3. What metrics do you monitor in Grafana and Prometheus? + +4. How do you create and maintain Grafana dashboards? + +5. How do you configure alerts in Grafana to reduce false positives and downtime? + +6. How do you use Loki, ELK Stack, and Splunk for logging and observability? + +## Grafana Mimir + +1. What is Grafana Mimir? + +2. What is the difference between Prometheus and Grafana Mimir? + +3. How does Prometheus work with Grafana Mimir? + +4. How does Grafana use Mimir as a data source? + +## Grafana Plugins & Data Sources + +1. What Grafana plugins have you worked with? + +2. Which data sources have you integrated with Grafana? + +3. How have you integrated Prometheus with Grafana? + +4. How have you integrated AWS CloudWatch with Grafana? + +5. How have you integrated Elasticsearch with Grafana? + +6. How have you integrated Splunk with Grafana? + +7. How have you integrated Loki with Grafana? + +## Loki & ELK + +1. What is the difference between Loki and ELK Stack? + +2. How does Loki work with Grafana? + +3. What are the main components of the ELK Stack? + +4. How do you use Elasticsearch and Kibana for log monitoring? + +## Grafana Infinity Plugin + +1. What is the Grafana Infinity plugin? + +2. What types of data sources can be connected to Grafana using the Infinity plugin? + +3. How can you use the Infinity plugin with REST APIs? + +4. How can you use the Infinity plugin with JSON and XML data? + +5. How have you used the Infinity plugin in your organization? + +6. What types of internal APIs or operational data can be integrated using the Infinity plugin? + +## Grafana AI + +1. Can you tell me five AI use cases of Grafana? + +2. How can AI be used for anomaly detection in Grafana? + +3. How can AI be used for predictive capacity planning? + +4. How can AI be used for intelligent alerting? + +5. How can AI be used for root cause analysis? + +6. Which Grafana components can be used for AI-powered root cause analysis? + +7. Can you create or draft Grafana dashboards using Grafana Assistant? + +8. How can Grafana Assistant generate dashboards using natural language? + +## Grafana Dashboard Design + +1. Suppose you have country and GDP-per-capita data. How would you present it in a better Grafana dashboard instead of a table? + +2. Which Grafana visualization would you use to display countries and their GDP per capita on a map? + +3. How would you configure a Geomap visualization for country and GDP-per-capita data? + +4. How would you represent GDP per capita using marker size or color in a Geomap? + +5. How would you configure tooltips in a Grafana Geomap? + +6. How would you choose the best visualization for a customer requirement? + +## Grafana Automotive Dashboard + +1. Suppose you have automobile data containing make, model, origin, cylinders, displacement, horsepower, weight, and acceleration. What would be your dashboard approach? + +2. Which visualization would you use to compare fuel efficiency across automobile manufacturers? + +3. Which visualization would you use to analyze the relationship between horsepower and miles per gallon? + +4. Which visualization would you use to show the distribution of horsepower or fuel efficiency? + +5. Would you use a time-series visualization for automobile data that does not contain a timestamp? + +6. Why should you avoid using a time-series chart when there is no time field? + +7. How would you design the dashboard when customers are confused by multiple metrics such as miles per gallon, cylinders, and displacement? + +8. How would you use Grafana dashboard variables to simplify a dashboard with many metrics? + +9. How would you organize multiple metrics into separate Grafana panels? + +10. How would you allow customers to switch between metrics instead of displaying everything in one visualization? + +11. What Grafana best practices would you follow when designing dashboards for customers? + +## Grafana Transformations + +1. What Grafana transformations have you used in your projects? + +2. What is the Group By transformation in Grafana? + +3. How have you used Group By to aggregate metrics? + +4. What is the Filter by Value transformation in Grafana? + +5. How would you use transformations to display only relevant metrics or services? + +## Grafana & Customer Requirements + +1. How do you decide which Grafana visualization is best suited for a customer's requirement? + +2. How would you design an interactive Grafana dashboard for a customer? + +3. How would you make a Grafana dashboard easier for customers to understand? + +4. How would you avoid overcrowding a Grafana dashboard with too many metrics? + +## General Observability + +1. How do you work with development, SRE, and operations teams to improve observability? + +2. How do you use monitoring and observability to support production releases? + +3. How do you investigate alerts and identify the root cause of production issues? + +4. How do you implement preventive monitoring so similar incidents are detected earlier? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/79.6_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/79.6_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..734e4a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/79.6_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,177 @@ +# DevOps Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Experience + +### Can you introduce yourself and explain your DevOps experience? + +### What have you automated using Python scripting in your current project? + +### What achievements have you gained through automation? + +## GitHub Actions & CI/CD + +### Do you have experience with GitHub Actions? + +### What is the difference between GitHub Actions and Jenkins? + +### Are you currently using GitHub Actions or Jenkins as your CI tool? + +### Have you heard of Harness? + +### Do you have experience with Argo CD? + +### In which scenarios have you used Argo CD? + +### How does your GitOps deployment workflow work with Argo CD? + +## GitHub Actions Troubleshooting + +### Suppose a GitHub Actions workflow does not trigger after you push your code. How would you troubleshoot it? + +### How would you verify whether the workflow is configured to trigger for the correct branch? + +### Where should GitHub Actions workflow files be located? + +### How would you determine whether a GitHub Actions workflow was triggered but failed immediately or was not triggered at all? + +### What could cause GitHub Actions secrets to be unavailable or mismatched? + +### Where can GitHub Actions secrets be configured? + +### What would you check first when a GitHub Actions Kubernetes deployment fails? + +### How would you verify that GitHub Actions can authenticate and connect to the Kubernetes cluster? + +## GitHub Branch Protection + +### How do you implement branch protection in GitHub? + +### How would you configure a branch to require pull requests before merging? + +### How would you require code reviews before merging a pull request? + +### How would you require GitHub Actions status checks to pass before merging? + +## Docker Troubleshooting + +### Suppose a Docker container keeps restarting. How would you troubleshoot the issue? + +### How would you identify whether the issue is with the container or the application running inside it? + +### Which Docker commands would you use to troubleshoot a restarting container? + +### What information can you obtain using `docker ps`? + +### How would you use `docker logs` to troubleshoot a container? + +### How would you use `docker inspect` to troubleshoot a container? + +## Kubernetes Troubleshooting + +### The container works successfully on your local machine but fails in Kubernetes. What could be the reasons? + +### How would you troubleshoot a container that works locally but fails in Kubernetes? + +### Which Kubernetes commands would you use to investigate the issue? + +### How would you use `kubectl describe pod` to troubleshoot a failing Pod? + +### How would you check Kubernetes events for Pod failures? + +### How would you troubleshoot missing ConfigMaps, Secrets, or environment variables? + +### How would you troubleshoot image-related issues in Kubernetes? + +## Kubernetes Secrets + +### How do you manage secrets in Kubernetes? + +### How do you pass sensitive information to containers in Kubernetes? + +### How would you reference Kubernetes Secrets from a Deployment? + +### How can Kubernetes Secrets be exposed as environment variables? + +### How can Kubernetes Secrets be mounted as volumes? + +## ImagePullBackOff + +### Have you faced an ImagePullBackOff error? + +### How would you troubleshoot an ImagePullBackOff error? + +### How would you verify whether the image name and tag are correct? + +### How would you verify whether an image exists in the container registry? + +### How would you troubleshoot private container registry credentials? + +### What would you check when using Amazon ECR with EKS and an image cannot be pulled? + +### What IAM permissions are required for EKS worker nodes to pull images from Amazon ECR? + +## Production Incident Management + +### Suppose a new application version is deployed successfully, but some users report that the application is down. What approach would you follow from start to finish? + +### How would you determine the impact of a production issue? + +### What would you check in Grafana and CloudWatch during a production incident? + +### How would you verify the health of Kubernetes Pods after a deployment? + +### How would you check Kubernetes Pod events and application logs? + +### How would you verify whether a Kubernetes rollout completed successfully? + +### What would you do to restore the service as quickly as possible during a production incident? + +## Rancher & ServiceNow + +### Do you know about Rancher? + +### Have you worked with ServiceNow production processes? + +### Have you created or handled ServiceNow tickets and change requests? + +## SDLC & Agile + +### What SDLC or development methodology does your team follow? + +### How does your team follow Agile Scrum methodology? + +### What happens during Sprint Planning? + +### How do developers use feature branches and pull requests? + +### What checks are performed before merging code? + +### How do you promote changes from lower environments to production? + +### When do you raise a ServiceNow change request for a production deployment? + +### What happens after the required production approvals are completed? + +### What post-deployment validations do you perform? + +### How do you participate in Sprint Reviews and process improvement activities? + +## Team & Work Environment + +### How big is your current team? + +### What shift model does your team follow? + +### How often do your shifts rotate? + +### Are you willing to work in a 24x7 shift model? + +### Are you comfortable providing on-call support, including weekends? + +### How are weekly offs managed when working on weekends? + +## Final Questions + +### Could you please tell me about the team structure and the kind of projects I would be working on? + +### What are the expectations from the candidate during the first three months or six months? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/80.Aws_Terraform_7_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/80.Aws_Terraform_7_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c5c0ddf --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/80.Aws_Terraform_7_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ +# AWS & Terraform Interview Questions + +## Terraform + +### How many years of experience do you have with Terraform and AWS? + +### Can you briefly explain Terraform architecture and its components? + +### Can you write Terraform code to provision EC2 instances across two regions? + +### What is the Terraform state file? + +### What information does the Terraform state file maintain? + +### What are the Terraform lifecycle stages? + +## AWS Services + +### Which AWS services have you worked with? + +### Which AWS services do you have hands-on experience with? + +## AWS VPC & Networking + +### Can you explain VPC architecture and its components? + +### How would you design a production VPC across multiple Availability Zones? + +### What is the difference between Security Groups and Network ACLs? + +### When would you use Security Groups versus Network ACLs? + +## AWS Infrastructure & EKS + +### Have you set up end-to-end AWS infrastructure for application deployment? + +### How would you design AWS infrastructure for containerized applications? + +### How would you deploy microservices to an EKS cluster? + +### How do you deploy Docker images to ECR and EKS using Helm and Argo CD? + +## Kubernetes Autoscaling + +### How do you configure Horizontal Pod Autoscaling in Kubernetes? + +### What is required before configuring HPA in an EKS cluster? + +### How does HPA scale Pods based on CPU or memory utilization? + +### Why are CPU and memory requests important for HPA? + +### How would you configure minimum and maximum replicas for an HPA? + +## AWS & DevOps Troubleshooting + +### What common issues do you troubleshoot on a daily basis? + +### How do you troubleshoot CrashLoopBackOff issues in Kubernetes? + +### How do you troubleshoot OOMKilled Pods? + +### How do you troubleshoot ImagePullBackOff errors? + +### How do you troubleshoot Pending Pods? + +### How do you troubleshoot failing readiness and liveness probes? + +### How do you troubleshoot high CPU and memory usage in Kubernetes? + +### How do you troubleshoot Kubernetes nodes becoming NotReady? + +### How do you troubleshoot ALB health-check failures? + +### How do you troubleshoot Kubernetes Ingress problems? + +### How do you troubleshoot DNS resolution failures? + +### How do you troubleshoot Security Group restrictions? + +### How do you troubleshoot application-to-RDS connectivity issues? + +### How do you troubleshoot Jenkins pipeline failures? + +### How do you troubleshoot Docker image-related issues? + +### How do you troubleshoot authentication failures in CI/CD? + +### How do you troubleshoot Helm deployment failures? + +### How do you troubleshoot Argo CD OutOfSync conditions? + +### How do you troubleshoot Terraform state-locking issues? + +### How do you troubleshoot Terraform infrastructure drift? + +### How do you troubleshoot failed Terraform applies? + +### How do you troubleshoot unexpected Terraform plan changes? + +### What is your approach to restoring services during a production incident? + +## AWS Load Balancers + +### What are the different types of load balancers available in AWS? + +### What is an Application Load Balancer? + +### What is a Network Load Balancer? + +### What is a Gateway Load Balancer? + +### What is a Classic Load Balancer? + +### What is the difference between an Application Load Balancer and a Network Load Balancer? + +### At which OSI layer does an Application Load Balancer operate? + +### At which OSI layer does a Network Load Balancer operate? + +### When would you use an Application Load Balancer for EKS microservices? + +### When would you use a Network Load Balancer? + +### When would you use a Gateway Load Balancer? + +### Which load balancer would you prefer for new AWS implementations? + +## AWS Messaging + +### What is Amazon SNS? + +### What is Amazon SQS? + +### What is the difference between SNS and SQS? + +### How does SNS publish messages to multiple subscribers? + +### How does SQS process messages from a queue? + +### When would you use SNS instead of SQS? + +### When would you use SQS instead of SNS? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/81.Aws_Ecs.7_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/81.Aws_Ecs.7_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e8be24a --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/81.Aws_Ecs.7_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +# AWS, ECS & DevOps Interview Questions + +## AWS VPC & EKS Architecture + +### How would you design a VPC and load balancer for an EKS production environment? + +### How would you connect an Application Load Balancer to an EKS cluster? + +### How would you design public and private subnets for an EKS production environment? + +### How would you route traffic from Route 53 to the Application Load Balancer and then to Kubernetes services? + +### How would you configure the AWS Load Balancer Controller with EKS? + +### How would you configure TLS termination for an Application Load Balancer? + +### How would you isolate sensitive or HIPAA-related microservices from other APIs in an EKS cluster? + +### How would you isolate sensitive workloads without increasing application latency? + +### How would you configure communication between isolated microservices inside an EKS cluster? + +## Terraform State Management + +### Where would you store the Terraform state file? + +### How would you protect the Terraform state file when multiple DevOps engineers are running Terraform at the same time? + +### How would you prevent concurrent Terraform operations from corrupting the state file? + +### How would you reduce the blast radius by separating Terraform state files? + +## AWS Security Hub + +### Suppose a Security Hub issue or bug occurs in production. How would you recover without impacting production workloads? + +### How would you determine whether the issue is caused by Security Hub, an integration, or an automated remediation? + +### How would you handle an automated security remediation that is making incorrect changes? + +## CloudFront Troubleshooting + +### Suppose CloudFront was working correctly but suddenly starts showing CORS issues. How would you troubleshoot and resolve the problem? + +### How would you determine whether a CORS issue is caused by the browser, CloudFront, Application Load Balancer, or API Gateway? + +### What CloudFront, backend, DNS, and deployment changes would you check during CORS troubleshooting? + +### How would you configure CloudFront to handle preflight requests correctly? + +## VPC Peering & RDS Connectivity + +### Suppose RDS is in a private subnet and EKS is running in a different VPC. How would you connect them using VPC Peering? + +### How would you design VPC Peering while keeping network latency low? + +### What prerequisites do you check before creating a VPC Peering connection? + +### How would you configure routes for VPC Peering? + +### How would you secure database connectivity across VPCs? + +### What alternatives to VPC Peering could you consider for connecting multiple VPCs? + +## IAM & Least Privilege + +### Suppose an ECS service needs to pull images from ECR, write data to S3, read messages from SNS or SQS, and access event-driven services. How would you design the IAM policy? + +### How would you follow the principle of least privilege when assigning IAM permissions to ECS? + +### How would you separate permissions by responsibility for an ECS task? + +### How would you restrict ECS permissions to specific AWS resources? + +## CI/CD Branching & Pipeline Strategy + +### What branching strategy do you use in your CI/CD pipeline? + +### How would you design a Git branching strategy for multiple environments? + +### What stages would you include in a CI/CD pipeline if you were limited to five or six stages? + +### How would you promote the same artifact across Development, QA, and Production? + +### What would be your CI/CD pipeline stages from code checkout to production deployment? + +### How would you integrate SonarQube and Trivy into the pipeline? + +### How would you deploy the same Docker image across different environments without rebuilding it? + +## ECS Deployment Strategy + +### How would you implement blue-green deployment in an ECS cluster? + +### How would you define the blue and green environments in ECS? + +### How would you switch production traffic from the blue environment to the green environment? + +### How would you use an Application Load Balancer and AWS CodeDeploy for ECS blue-green deployment? + +### How would you use separate target groups for blue and green ECS task sets? + +### How would you validate the green environment before shifting production traffic? + +### How would you perform Canary or Linear traffic shifting in an ECS blue-green deployment? + +## ECS & Microservices + +### How many microservices have you worked with in production? + +### How would you design an ECS environment for a large number of microservices? + +### What deployment strategy would you recommend for a large ECS-based microservices platform? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/82.10_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/82.10_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7c4958e --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/82.10_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +# DevOps Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Experience + +### Can you tell me about yourself, your experience, and your qualifications? + +## Jenkins & CI/CD + +### Which CI/CD tool are you using? + +### Can you share your screen and write a Jenkins pipeline? + +### Why did you implement this pipeline? + +### What was the business requirement for implementing this pipeline? + +## Education + +### When did you pass out? + +### In which field or branch did you graduate? + +## Certifications + +### Do you have any certifications? + +### Do you have any cloud or DevOps certifications? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/83.DevOps.12_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/83.DevOps.12_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d1561bb --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/83.DevOps.12_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +# DevOps Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Experience + +### Can you tell us a little bit about yourself and why you are interested in this role? + +## GitHub Actions & CI/CD + +### Let's say you have a GitHub Actions pipeline that is failing intermittently in production. Can you talk me through how you would triage and resolve that issue? + +### What would you check when comparing successful and failed GitHub Actions runs? + +### How would you troubleshoot issues related to credentials, dependencies, network connectivity, and rate limits in GitHub Actions? + +### What would you check for recent changes in a GitHub Actions workflow? + +## Kubernetes Troubleshooting + +### Let's say you have a Kubernetes application and the Pods are not starting. How would you troubleshoot the failing Pods? + +### What Kubernetes commands would you use to troubleshoot a failing Pod? + +### What information would you look for in the Pod events? + +### How would you troubleshoot image pull problems, scheduling issues, missing configuration, health-check failures, and resource problems? + +### How would you troubleshoot a Pod that keeps restarting? + +## Harness + +### Do you have any experience with Harness? + +### What would your approach be to learning Harness if you have not worked with it before? + +### How would you learn and understand an existing Harness architecture? + +### How would you build and test a simple deployment pipeline in a non-production Harness environment? + +## Deployment Strategies + +### Can you explain the different deployment strategies you have worked with? + +### How does a rolling deployment work? + +### How does a blue-green deployment work? + +### When would you choose a rolling deployment versus a blue-green deployment? + +## Behavioral & Performance + +### Can you tell me about a time that you received critical feedback on your performance and how you responded to that feedback? + +### Can you tell me about an effort you were working on where something went wrong and how you responded to the issue? + +### Can you give an example of a time when your first attempt to solve a problem did not work, but you continued researching and trying different approaches? + +### Can you tell us about a situation that demonstrates ownership and follow-through? + +## JFrog Artifactory + +### Do you have experience with JFrog Artifactory? + +### How have you used JFrog Artifactory in your CI/CD pipeline? + +### Where do you connect JFrog Artifactory in your pipeline? + +### How do you configure Maven to publish artifacts to JFrog Artifactory? + +### How do you version artifacts when publishing them to Artifactory? + +## Incident Management & Operations + +### Do you have experience interacting directly with end users and vendors? + +### How much experience do you have in an operational role involving incident management and incident response? + +### Have you worked in a 24x7 on-call production environment? + +## Monitoring & Observability + +### What monitoring and observability tools have you used? + +### How have you used Prometheus and Grafana for Kubernetes and EKS monitoring? + +### How have you used AWS CloudWatch for monitoring AWS resources? + +### How have you used Splunk for monitoring or observability? + +## Production Incident Troubleshooting + +### Can you tell me about a production issue where something went wrong after a deployment and how you handled it? + +### How would you troubleshoot a successful deployment where new Pods enter CrashLoopBackOff and users start seeing errors? + +### How would you compare a new deployment with the last stable release? + +### How would you identify whether a production failure is caused by application configuration? + +## Security & Vulnerability Management + +### How do you identify security vulnerabilities in your applications? + +### How do you integrate security scanning into your CI/CD pipeline? + +### How do you use SonarQube for code quality and security scanning? + +### How do you use Trivy to scan Docker images for vulnerabilities? + +### What happens when a critical vulnerability is found during the CI/CD pipeline? + +### How do you work with developers to remediate application vulnerabilities? + +### How do you remediate vulnerabilities in container images? + +## Terraform Troubleshooting + +### Can you give an example of a Terraform issue where resources were planned for recreation even though they already existed? + +### How would you troubleshoot Terraform configuration drift? + +### How would you compare Terraform state with the actual AWS resources? + +### How would you use Terraform import when resources already exist outside Terraform? + +## GitHub Actions Components + +### Can you explain the main components of GitHub Actions? + +### What is the difference between a workflow, a job, and a step in GitHub Actions? + +### What is a GitHub Actions workflow? + +### What triggers can be used to start a GitHub Actions workflow? + +### What is a job in GitHub Actions? + +### How can multiple GitHub Actions jobs run? + +### What is a step in GitHub Actions? + +### How do steps within the same job execute? + +## Candidate & Role + +### Why should we select you over other candidates applying for this role? + +## Final Questions + +### What does success look like during the first three to six months in this role? + +### What would be the expectations around platform modernization and production support during the first three to six months? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/84.Monitoring.13_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/84.Monitoring.13_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..56ccab6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/84.Monitoring.13_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +# AWS & DevOps Interview Questions + +## Monitoring & Observability + +### If you already have CloudWatch, why would you use Prometheus and Grafana? + +### What is the difference between CloudWatch and Prometheus? + +### Why would you use Grafana along with Prometheus and CloudWatch? + +## Amazon S3 + +### Suppose you have an S3 bucket with two different folders or object prefixes. How would you make one object public with read-only access? + +### How would you give read-only access to one S3 prefix and read-write access to another prefix? + +### How would you restrict read-write access to a specific S3 prefix so that it is allowed only from a specific IP address? + +### How can you implement folder-level permissions in Amazon S3? + +### How do S3 object prefixes work when implementing prefix-level access control? + +## SSL & Apache + +### Suppose you have a Linux EC2 instance with Apache installed. How would you install an SSL certificate? + +### How would you configure HTTPS on Apache? + +### Which security group rule is required for HTTPS access? + +### Where would you store the SSL certificate and private key on the server? + +### How would you verify that the SSL certificate is configured correctly? + +## EC2 vs ECS + +### When can you use ECS instead of an EC2 instance for application deployment? + +### Which is more cost-effective, EC2 or ECS? + +### When would you choose EC2 over ECS Fargate? + +### When would ECS Fargate be more cost-effective? + +## Amazon RDS + +### Have you worked with Amazon RDS? + +### What is IOPS in Amazon RDS? + +### Why is IOPS important for an RDS database? + +### What happens when a database workload requires more IOPS than the configured storage can provide? + +## Site-to-Site VPN + +### What is a Site-to-Site VPN? + +### How does a Site-to-Site VPN establish a secure connection between networks? + +### Suppose an RDS database is in one AWS account and an EC2 instance is in another AWS account. How would you connect them using a Site-to-Site VPN? + +### How would you design the network when both the EC2 instance and RDS database must remain private? + +### Where would you configure the VPN tunnel between the two AWS environments? + +### What routing configuration is required for communication between the EC2 instance and RDS database? + +### What security group rules would be required for the EC2-to-RDS connection? + +### Can you explain the complete flow of an EC2 instance in one AWS account communicating with an RDS database in another AWS account using a Site-to-Site VPN? + +## Practical Task + +### Can you create a flow diagram showing how an EC2 instance in one AWS account communicates with an RDS database in another AWS account through a VPN? + +### Can you explain where the VPN, private networks, routing, and security groups would be configured in this architecture? diff --git a/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/85.SRE.17_Aug_2026.md b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/85.SRE.17_Aug_2026.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f09040e --- /dev/null +++ b/1_COMPANYWISE_REAL_INTERVIEW_QA/85.SRE.17_Aug_2026.md @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ +# AI SRE & DevOps Interview Questions + +## Introduction & Experience + +### Can you give a brief introduction about yourself, your goals, responsibilities, and past projects? + +### What is your experience with AWS, DevOps, SRE, and cloud automation? + +## SRE & Incident Management + +### Suppose a new tenant in a multi-tenant SaaS platform triggers cascading failures in shared services and impacts other customers. What would be your approach? + +### How would you calculate the blast radius of a production incident? + +### How would you restore service quickly during a cascading failure? + +### How would you communicate a major production incident to stakeholders? + +### How would you perform Root Cause Analysis after restoring the service? + +### Have you implemented rate limiting? + +### How have you used AWS WAF for rate limiting and IP-based blocking? + +### Have you implemented tenant isolation or resource allocation? + +### How would you isolate tenants or allocate resources in a multi-tenant architecture? + +## Cloud Migration & Reliability + +### Suppose your organization is migrating a high-traffic service to a new cloud provider. How would you ensure reliability and minimum downtime? + +### How would you use blue-green deployment during a cloud migration? + +### How would you validate a migration before handing the application over to the client? + +### How would you compare pre-migration and post-migration performance? + +### How would you verify that there is no data loss after migration? + +### How would you implement a rollback strategy during a cloud migration? + +## SLO, SLI & Error Budgets + +### Do you define SLOs and SLIs in your projects? + +### What SLIs would you use to measure service reliability? + +### How would you define an SLO for application availability? + +### How would you define a 99.99% availability SLO? + +### How would you measure availability and unavailability? + +### How do you use error budgets in production operations? + +## GitHub Actions & Jenkins + +### Have you created or maintained GitHub Actions or Jenkins pipelines? + +### How would you create a CI/CD pipeline using GitHub Actions? + +### How would you create a Jenkins declarative pipeline? + +### What is the difference between GitHub Actions, Jenkins, and GitLab CI? + +### How would you design a build and deployment workflow? + +### How would you implement rollback in a CI/CD pipeline? + +## CI/CD Deployment Workflow + +### How would you design a CI/CD workflow triggered by a code commit or pull request? + +### What stages would you include in a CI/CD pipeline? + +### How would you build and validate a Docker image? + +### How would you tag and push a Docker image to Amazon ECR? + +### How would you deploy a Docker image to an ECS service? + +### How would you deploy a Python Lambda application through a CI/CD pipeline? + +### How would you package Python dependencies for a Lambda deployment? + +### How would you use Amazon S3 during a Lambda deployment? + +### How would you provision ECS, Lambda, and S3 infrastructure using CloudFormation or Terraform? + +## AWS Authentication & Security + +### How do you authenticate a CI/CD pipeline with AWS? + +### What is your approach to using AWS access keys and secret keys in CI/CD? + +### How would you use IAM roles instead of long-lived AWS credentials? + +### How do you follow the principle of least privilege for AWS services? + +### How do you securely manage secrets in CI/CD pipelines? + +## AI & DevOps Automation + +### Can you give an example where AI meaningfully improved your development speed, incident resolution, or automation? + +### How have you used AI to automate repetitive operational tasks? + +### How would you design an end-to-end AI automation pipeline for unstructured customer feedback? + +### How would you design the data ingestion layer for an AI automation pipeline? + +### How could Amazon S3 and Lambda be used for AI data ingestion? + +### How could API Gateway be used in an AI automation workflow? + +### How would you remove duplicate input data in an AI pipeline? + +### How would you identify and protect sensitive information in customer feedback? + +### How could Amazon SQS be used in an AI processing pipeline? + +### How would you select an AI model for processing unstructured customer feedback? + +### How would you use Amazon Bedrock for AI processing? + +### Have you worked with NLP models or other AI models? + +## AI-Powered Customer Support + +### Suppose your organization wants to automate repetitive customer support tasks using AI while maintaining a seamless handoff to human agents. How would you design the hybrid workflow? + +### How would you classify customer requests before routing them to an AI system or human agent? + +### Which customer requests should require human approval? + +### How would you use RAG for common customer queries? + +### How would you use AI to answer standard questions such as order status or product information? + +### How would you design human approval for sensitive customer requests? + +## AI-Powered Incident Management + +### How would you use AI to improve incident management performance? + +### How would you collect logs, alerts, and error information for AI-based incident analysis? + +### How would you use RAG to retrieve runbooks and previous incident knowledge? + +### How could AI summarize previous incidents and troubleshooting information? + +### How would you integrate AI-based incident management with Jira or ServiceNow? + +### How would you ensure human approval before executing sensitive remediation actions? + +## Python, Bash & Coding + +### What programming or scripting languages do you use for automation? + +### How have you used Python for operational automation? + +### How have you used Bash scripting for production automation? + +### Can you write a script to process a large timestamped API log file? + +### Given a log file containing timestamped API requests, how would you identify any 10-minute window where failed requests exceed 50? + +### How would you calculate the start and end timestamps for the 10-minute window? + +### How would you process a large log file without loading the entire file into memory? + +### How would you design the solution using a sliding-window approach? + +## Monitoring & Automation + +### How do you monitor production incidents and infrastructure health? + +### Which monitoring tools have you used? + +### How would you use CloudWatch and Splunk for incident investigation? + +### How would you automate repetitive ServiceNow incidents? + +### How can shell scripts be used to automatically restart services based on ticket descriptions? + +### How would you automate AWS WorkSpaces image and bundle creation? + +## Security & DevSecOps + +### How do you implement least-privilege IAM policies in your CI/CD pipeline? + +### How do you manage secrets securely? + +### How do you use AWS KMS for encryption? + +### How do you scan source code for vulnerabilities? + +### How do you scan Docker images for vulnerabilities? + +### How do you configure security thresholds that automatically fail a CI/CD pipeline? + +### How do you use SonarQube and Trivy in a CI/CD pipeline? + +## AWS Bedrock + +### Have you worked with Amazon Bedrock? + +### What are Foundation Models in Amazon Bedrock? + +### What are Knowledge Bases in Amazon Bedrock? + +### How have you used Amazon Bedrock in your projects? + +### How would you design an application using Amazon Bedrock and a knowledge base? + +## Role & Responsibilities + +### Is this role focused primarily on AI, AIOps, or AI automation? + +### Is the role part of an ongoing project or a new initiative? + +### What technologies and skills are expected for a Senior AI SRE role? + +### What AI agents or Copilot-based tools have you worked with? + +### What coding skills are required for this role?