diff --git a/src/material/form-field/_form-field-native-select.scss b/src/material/form-field/_form-field-native-select.scss
index f41291505ee5..c089b9d32c26 100644
--- a/src/material/form-field/_form-field-native-select.scss
+++ b/src/material/form-field/_form-field-native-select.scss
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ $mat-form-field-select-horizontal-end-padding: $mat-form-field-select-arrow-widt
       border-right: math.div($mat-form-field-select-arrow-width, 2) solid transparent;
       border-top: $mat-form-field-select-arrow-height solid;
       position: absolute;
-      right: 0;
+      inset-inline-end: 0;
       top: 50%;
       margin-top: -#{math.div($mat-form-field-select-arrow-height, 2)};
 
@@ -64,10 +64,6 @@ $mat-form-field-select-horizontal-end-padding: $mat-form-field-select-arrow-widt
 
       color: token-utils.slot(form-field-enabled-select-arrow-color, $fallbacks);
 
-      [dir='rtl'] & {
-        right: auto;
-        left: 0;
-      }
     }
 
     &.mat-focused .mat-mdc-form-field-infix::after {
@@ -81,11 +77,7 @@ $mat-form-field-select-horizontal-end-padding: $mat-form-field-select-arrow-widt
     // Add padding on the end of the native select so that the content does not
     // overlap with the Material Design arrow.
     .mat-mdc-form-field-input-control {
-      padding-right: $mat-form-field-select-horizontal-end-padding;
-      [dir='rtl'] & {
-        padding-right: 0;
-        padding-left: $mat-form-field-select-horizontal-end-padding;
-      }
+      padding-inline-end: $mat-form-field-select-horizontal-end-padding;
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure-overrides.scss b/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure-overrides.scss
index 9bcc1572612f..0c5a2b7fb45f 100644
--- a/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure-overrides.scss
+++ b/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure-overrides.scss
@@ -91,27 +91,13 @@ $_is-external-build: true;
   // an icon prefix or suffix. We can't rely on MDC's styles for this because we use a different
   // structure for our form-field in order to support arbitrary height input elements.
   .mat-mdc-form-field-has-icon-prefix .mat-mdc-text-field-wrapper {
-    padding-left: 0;
+    padding-inline-start: 0;
     // Signal to the TypeScript label calculation code that the label should be offset 16px less
     // due to resetting the padding above.
     --mat-mdc-form-field-label-offset-x: -16px;
   }
   .mat-mdc-form-field-has-icon-suffix .mat-mdc-text-field-wrapper {
-    padding-right: 0;
-  }
-  [dir='rtl'] {
-    // Undo the above padding removals which only apply in LTR languages.
-    .mat-mdc-text-field-wrapper {
-      padding-left: 16px;
-      padding-right: 16px;
-    }
-    // ...and apply the correct padding resets for RTL languages.
-    .mat-mdc-form-field-has-icon-suffix .mat-mdc-text-field-wrapper {
-      padding-left: 0;
-    }
-    .mat-mdc-form-field-has-icon-prefix .mat-mdc-text-field-wrapper {
-      padding-right: 0;
-    }
+    padding-inline-end: 0;
   }
 
   // Before the switch to the tokens MDC was setting a specific placeholder color when the input
@@ -172,14 +158,7 @@ $_is-external-build: true;
   // TODO(mmalerba): port this fix into MDC
   .mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field {
     &.mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field .mdc-notched-outline__notch {
-      border-left: 1px solid transparent;
-    }
-  }
-
-  [dir='rtl'] .mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field {
-    &.mat-mdc-form-field.mat-mdc-form-field .mdc-notched-outline__notch {
-      border-left: none;
-      border-right: 1px solid transparent;
+      border-inline-start: 1px solid transparent;
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure.scss b/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure.scss
index e84c27a5a683..9c50d5aab646 100644
--- a/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure.scss
+++ b/src/material/form-field/_mdc-text-field-structure.scss
@@ -155,32 +155,26 @@ $fallbacks: m3-form-field.get-tokens();
     height: 56px;
     overflow: visible;
     $shape-var: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-    padding-right: max(16px, #{$shape-var});
-    padding-left: max(16px, calc(#{$shape-var} + 4px));
-
-    [dir='rtl'] & {
-      padding-right: max(16px, calc(#{$shape-var} + 4px));
-      padding-left: max(16px, #{$shape-var});
-    }
+    padding-inline-end: max(16px, #{$shape-var});
+    padding-inline-start: max(16px, calc(#{$shape-var} + 4px));
   }
 
   .mdc-floating-label {
     position: absolute;
-    left: 0;
+    inset-inline-start: 0;
     transform-origin: left top;
     line-height: 1.15rem;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
     text-overflow: ellipsis;
     white-space: nowrap;
     cursor: text;
     overflow: hidden;
     will-change: transform;
 
-    [dir='rtl'] & {
-      right: 0;
-      left: auto;
+    // `transform-origin` has no logical equivalent. Use `:dir()` rather than `[dir='rtl']` so
+    // that the direction of the closest element with a `dir` attribute is used.
+    &:dir(rtl) {
       transform-origin: right top;
-      text-align: right;
     }
 
     .mdc-text-field & {
@@ -196,23 +190,13 @@ $fallbacks: m3-form-field.get-tokens();
     }
 
     .mdc-text-field--outlined & {
-      left: 4px;
-      right: auto;
-    }
-
-    [dir='rtl'] .mdc-text-field--outlined & {
-      left: auto;
-      right: 4px;
+      inset-inline-start: 4px;
+      inset-inline-end: auto;
     }
 
     .mdc-text-field--filled & {
-      left: 16px;
-      right: auto;
-    }
-
-    [dir='rtl'] .mdc-text-field--filled & {
-      left: auto;
-      right: 16px;
+      inset-inline-start: 16px;
+      inset-inline-end: auto;
     }
 
     .mdc-text-field--disabled & {
@@ -332,14 +316,9 @@ $fallbacks: m3-form-field.get-tokens();
 
   .mdc-floating-label--required {
     &:not(.mdc-floating-label--hide-required-marker)::after {
-      margin-left: 1px;
-      margin-right: 0;
+      margin-inline-start: 1px;
+      margin-inline-end: 0;
       content: '*';
-
-      [dir='rtl'] & {
-        margin-left: 0;
-        margin-right: 1px;
-      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -353,13 +332,9 @@ $fallbacks: m3-form-field.get-tokens();
     width: 100%;
     max-width: 100%;
     height: 100%;
-    text-align: left;
+    text-align: start;
     pointer-events: none;
 
-    [dir='rtl'] & {
-      text-align: right;
-    }
-
     .mdc-text-field--outlined & {
       z-index: 1;
     }
@@ -417,45 +392,27 @@ $fallbacks: m3-form-field.get-tokens();
   }
 
   .mdc-notched-outline__leading {
-    border-left: 1px solid;
-    border-right: none;
-    border-top-right-radius: 0;
-    border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
-    border-top-left-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-    border-bottom-left-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
+    border-inline-start: 1px solid;
+    border-inline-end: none;
+    border-start-end-radius: 0;
+    border-end-end-radius: 0;
+    border-start-start-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
+    border-end-start-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
 
     .mdc-text-field--outlined .mdc-notched-outline & {
       $shape-var: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
       width: max(12px, #{$shape-var});
     }
-
-    [dir='rtl'] & {
-      border-left: none;
-      border-right: 1px solid;
-      border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
-      border-top-left-radius: 0;
-      border-top-right-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-      border-bottom-right-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-    }
   }
 
   .mdc-notched-outline__trailing {
     flex-grow: 1;
-    border-left: none;
-    border-right: 1px solid;
-    border-top-left-radius: 0;
-    border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
-    border-top-right-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-    border-bottom-right-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-
-    [dir='rtl'] & {
-      border-left: 1px solid;
-      border-right: none;
-      border-top-right-radius: 0;
-      border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
-      border-top-left-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-      border-bottom-left-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
-    }
+    border-inline-start: none;
+    border-inline-end: 1px solid;
+    border-start-start-radius: 0;
+    border-end-start-radius: 0;
+    border-start-end-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
+    border-end-end-radius: token-utils.slot(form-field-outlined-container-shape, $fallbacks);
   }
 
   .mdc-notched-outline__notch {
@@ -480,16 +437,11 @@ $fallbacks: m3-form-field.get-tokens();
     }
 
     .mdc-notched-outline--notched & {
-      padding-left: 0;
-      padding-right: 8px;
+      padding-inline-start: 0;
+      padding-inline-end: 8px;
       border-top: none;
     }
 
-    [dir='rtl'] .mdc-notched-outline--notched & {
-      padding-left: 8px;
-      padding-right: 0;
-    }
-
     .mdc-notched-outline--no-label & {
       display: none;
     }
diff --git a/src/material/form-field/form-field.scss b/src/material/form-field/form-field.scss
index 00b2c60540e4..6dcf14da0f5e 100644
--- a/src/material/form-field/form-field.scss
+++ b/src/material/form-field/form-field.scss
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ $_icon-prefix-infix-padding: 4px;
   // This allows the form-field to shrink down when used inside flex or grid layouts.
   min-width: 0;
   // To avoid problems with text-align.
-  text-align: left;
+  text-align: start;
 
   @include vendor-prefixes.smooth-font();
   font-family: token-utils.slot(form-field-container-text-font, $fallbacks);
@@ -67,10 +67,6 @@ $_icon-prefix-infix-padding: 4px;
       font-size: $token-value;
     }
   }
-
-  [dir='rtl'] & {
-    text-align: right;
-  }
 }
 
 // Container that contains the prefixes, infix and suffixes. These elements should
@@ -145,13 +141,13 @@ $_icon-prefix-infix-padding: 4px;
 // The prefix/suffix needs a little extra padding between the icon and the infix. Because we need to
 // support arbitrary height input elements, we use a different DOM structure for prefix and suffix
 // icons, and therefore can't rely on MDC for these styles.
-.mat-mdc-form-field-icon-prefix,
-[dir='rtl'] .mat-mdc-form-field-icon-suffix {
-  padding: 0 $_icon-prefix-infix-padding 0 0;
+.mat-mdc-form-field-icon-prefix {
+  padding: 0;
+  padding-inline-end: $_icon-prefix-infix-padding;
 }
-.mat-mdc-form-field-icon-suffix,
-[dir='rtl'] .mat-mdc-form-field-icon-prefix {
-  padding: 0 0 0 $_icon-prefix-infix-padding;
+.mat-mdc-form-field-icon-suffix {
+  padding: 0;
+  padding-inline-start: $_icon-prefix-infix-padding;
 }
 
 // Scale down icons in the subscript and floating label to be the same size
@@ -193,12 +189,12 @@ $_icon-prefix-infix-padding: 4px;
 // left border is completely hidden. (Though the border is transparent, it still creates a triangle
 // shaped artifact where it meets the top and bottom borders.)
 .mat-mdc-form-field .mdc-notched-outline__notch {
-  margin-left: -1px;
+  margin-inline-start: -1px;
   @include vendor-prefixes.clip-path(inset(-9em -999em -9em 1px));
 
-  [dir='rtl'] & {
-    margin-left: 0;
-    margin-right: -1px;
+  // `clip-path` has no logical equivalent. Use `:dir()` rather than `[dir='rtl']` so that the
+  // direction of the closest element with a `dir` attribute is used.
+  &:dir(rtl) {
     @include vendor-prefixes.clip-path(inset(-9em 1px -9em -999em));
   }
 }