diff --git a/internal/umodel/import_test.go b/internal/umodel/import_test.go
index 85ed675..d37a676 100644
--- a/internal/umodel/import_test.go
+++ b/internal/umodel/import_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/alibaba/UnifiedModel/internal/graphstore"
@@ -38,6 +39,72 @@ func TestValidateAcceptsValidUModelElements(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestValidateReportsAuthoringWarnings(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := NewService(graphstore.NewMemoryStore(), WithImportRoot("/"))
+	result, err := svc.Validate(context.Background(), "demo", []model.UModelElement{
+		{
+			Kind:   "entity_set",
+			Domain: "devops",
+			Name:   "devops.service",
+			Spec:   map[string]any{},
+		},
+		{
+			Kind:   "metric_set",
+			Domain: "devops",
+			Name:   "devops.metric.service",
+			Spec: map[string]any{"metrics": []any{
+				map[string]any{"name": "request_count", "type": "counter", "generator": "sum(rate(http_requests_total[1m]))"},
+				map[string]any{"name": "latency_p99", "type": "gauge", "data_format": "ms", "generator": "histogram_quantile(0.99, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[1m]))"},
+			}},
+		},
+		{
+			Kind:   "entity_set_link",
+			Domain: "devops",
+			Name:   "devops.service_candidate_related_to_devops.deployment",
+			Spec: map[string]any{
+				"src":              map[string]any{"domain": "devops", "kind": "entity_set", "name": "devops.service"},
+				"dest":             map[string]any{"domain": "devops", "kind": "entity_set", "name": "devops.deployment"},
+				"entity_link_type": "candidate_related_to",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Kind:   "entity_set_link",
+			Domain: "devops",
+			Name:   "devops.service_related_to_devops.deployment",
+			Spec: map[string]any{
+				"src":              map[string]any{"domain": "devops", "kind": "entity_set", "name": "devops.service"},
+				"dest":             map[string]any{"domain": "devops", "kind": "entity_set", "name": "devops.deployment"},
+				"entity_link_type": "related_to",
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("validate: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !result.Valid || len(result.Errors) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("authoring warnings must not reject valid elements, got %+v", result)
+	}
+
+	want := map[string][]string{
+		"elements[0].spec.fields":           {"entity_set", "may limit"},
+		"elements[1].spec.metrics[0].unit":  {"metric", "unit", "data_format"},
+		"elements[2].spec.entity_link_type": {"provisional", "explicit"},
+	}
+	for field, parts := range want {
+		if !hasWarningContaining(result.Warnings, field, parts...) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected warning %s containing %v, got %+v", field, parts, result.Warnings)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, field := range []string{
+		"elements[1].spec.metrics[1].unit",
+		"elements[3].spec.entity_link_type",
+	} {
+		if hasWarningField(result.Warnings, field) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected warning for %s: %+v", field, result.Warnings)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestValidateReportsUnsupportedEnvelopeVersionOnVersionField(t *testing.T) {
 	svc := NewService(graphstore.NewMemoryStore(), WithImportRoot("/"))
 	result, err := svc.Validate(context.Background(), "demo", []model.UModelElement{{
@@ -232,3 +299,27 @@ func writeFile(t *testing.T, path, content string) {
 		t.Fatalf("write %s: %v", path, err)
 	}
 }
+
+func hasWarningContaining(warnings []model.ErrorDetail, field string, parts ...string) bool {
+	for _, warning := range warnings {
+		if warning.Field != field {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, part := range parts {
+			if !strings.Contains(warning.Reason, part) {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func hasWarningField(warnings []model.ErrorDetail, field string) bool {
+	for _, warning := range warnings {
+		if warning.Field == field {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
diff --git a/internal/umodel/service.go b/internal/umodel/service.go
index 762efdb..991bd6b 100644
--- a/internal/umodel/service.go
+++ b/internal/umodel/service.go
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ func (s *Service) Validate(ctx context.Context, workspace string, elements []mod
 			})
 			continue
 		}
+		hasSchemaErrors := len(res.Errors) > 0
 		for _, e := range res.Errors {
 			errors = append(errors, model.ErrorDetail{
 				Field:  fmt.Sprintf("elements[%d].%s", i, e.Path),
@@ -118,6 +119,9 @@ func (s *Service) Validate(ctx context.Context, workspace string, elements []mod
 				Reason: w.Reason,
 			})
 		}
+		if !hasSchemaErrors {
+			warnings = appendAuthoringWarnings(warnings, i, element)
+		}
 	}
 	return model.ValidationResult{
 		Valid:    len(errors) == 0,
@@ -126,6 +130,53 @@ func (s *Service) Validate(ctx context.Context, workspace string, elements []mod
 	}, nil
 }
 
+func appendAuthoringWarnings(warnings []model.ErrorDetail, index int, element model.UModelElement) []model.ErrorDetail {
+	switch element.Kind {
+	case "entity_set":
+		fields, ok := element.Spec["fields"].([]any)
+		if !ok || len(fields) == 0 {
+			warnings = append(warnings, model.ErrorDetail{
+				Field:  fmt.Sprintf("elements[%d].spec.fields", index),
+				Reason: "entity_set has no fields; this may limit schema guidance for entity writes and filters",
+			})
+		}
+	case "metric_set":
+		metrics, ok := element.Spec["metrics"].([]any)
+		if !ok {
+			return warnings
+		}
+		for i, metric := range metrics {
+			spec, ok := metric.(map[string]any)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			unit, ok := spec["unit"].(string)
+			dataFormat, hasDataFormat := spec["data_format"].(string)
+			if (!ok || strings.TrimSpace(unit) == "") && (!hasDataFormat || strings.TrimSpace(dataFormat) == "") {
+				warnings = append(warnings, model.ErrorDetail{
+					Field:  fmt.Sprintf("elements[%d].spec.metrics[%d].unit", index, i),
+					Reason: "metric has no unit or data_format; define display formatting so query results are interpretable",
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	case "entity_set_link":
+		linkType, ok := element.Spec["entity_link_type"].(string)
+		if ok && weakEntityLinkType(linkType) {
+			warnings = append(warnings, model.ErrorDetail{
+				Field:  fmt.Sprintf("elements[%d].spec.entity_link_type", index),
+				Reason: "entity_link_type is weak or provisional; use explicit topology semantics for hard entity links",
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	return warnings
+}
+
+func weakEntityLinkType(value string) bool {
+	normalized := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(value))
+	return strings.HasPrefix(normalized, "candidate_") ||
+		strings.HasPrefix(normalized, "maybe_")
+}
+
 func (s *Service) PutElements(ctx context.Context, batch model.UModelElementBatch) (model.WriteResult, error) {
 	if batch.Workspace == "" {
 		return model.WriteResult{}, apperrors.New(apperrors.CodeInvalidArgument, "workspace is required")