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Rendering HTML

In this section we will look at how to get tornado to return an HTML file as a response to a request.

First inside of the project directory, lets create a directory called templates, in here we will create a file called index.html with the following HTML in it.

<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Testing</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello World from an HTML File</h1>
</body>
</html>

Now that we have our HTML file setup, let's tell our server to display it. We will need to tell our server where to find out templates (html files) and then tell the MainHandler to display the HTML file. The create_server function should look like:

def create_server():
    # list of all of the handlers
    handlers = [
            (r"/", MainHandler)
        ]
    # Dictionary with the location of the templates directory
    settings = {
        "template_path" : Path(__file__).parent / "templates"
    }
    # returns the server
    return web.Application(handlers, **settings)

Notice, now we have a dictionary called settings where the template_path is being listed with the path to the templates directory. The settings are then passed to the web.Application function so that the server knows where to find the templates directory.

Now we need to update the MainHandler class to use the index.html now.

# Creating a handler for the path '/'
class MainHandler(web.RequestHandler):
    # Creating function to handle the GET request type
    def get(self):
        # Now returns the index.html file
        self.render("index.html")

You can now save the main.py and run the script with

python main.py

When you open your browser to localhost:8888 you should see:

tornado_hello_world_html

The fact that you can now see Hello World from an HTML File, should tell you that you are pulling in the index.html file from the templates directory.

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