diff --git a/lib/money/helpers.rb b/lib/money/helpers.rb
index 4b9c1a47..a752fec4 100644
--- a/lib/money/helpers.rb
+++ b/lib/money/helpers.rb
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ module Helpers
 
     DECIMAL_ZERO = BigDecimal(0).freeze
     MAX_DECIMAL = 21
+    # Largest supported BigDecimal#exponent (number of integer digits). Rejects
+    # values like "1e1000000000" that are cheap to store but expand into huge
+    # Integers or Strings in #subunits or #to_s.
+    MAX_INTEGER_DIGITS = 1000
 
     def value_to_decimal(num)
       value =
diff --git a/lib/money/money.rb b/lib/money/money.rb
index 6b5d2c2e..f382b747 100644
--- a/lib/money/money.rb
+++ b/lib/money/money.rb
@@ -124,6 +124,9 @@ def new_from_money(amount, currency)
   def initialize(value, currency)
     raise ArgumentError if value.nan?
     raise ArgumentError if value.infinite?
+    if value.exponent > Helpers::MAX_INTEGER_DIGITS
+      raise ArgumentError, "value exceeds the supported range of #{Helpers::MAX_INTEGER_DIGITS} integer digits"
+    end
 
     @currency = currency
     @value = BigDecimal(value.round(@currency.minor_units))
diff --git a/sig/money/helpers.rbs b/sig/money/helpers.rbs
index c377a1b9..b2c249e8 100644
--- a/sig/money/helpers.rbs
+++ b/sig/money/helpers.rbs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ class Money
   module Helpers
     DECIMAL_ZERO: BigDecimal
     MAX_DECIMAL: Integer
+    MAX_INTEGER_DIGITS: Integer
 
     def self.value_to_decimal: (Numeric | String | Money | nil num) -> BigDecimal
     def self.value_to_currency: (String | Currency | NullCurrency | nil currency) -> (Currency | NullCurrency)
diff --git a/spec/money_spec.rb b/spec/money_spec.rb
index 50da21ef..87aa59ac 100644
--- a/spec/money_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/money_spec.rb
@@ -465,6 +465,47 @@
     expect { Money.new(-Float::INFINITY) }.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
   end
 
+  describe "magnitude bound" do
+    it "raises when constructed with an exponent-form string beyond the supported range" do
+      expect { Money.new("1e1000000000", "USD") }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /supported range/)
+      expect { Money.new("-1e1000000000", "USD") }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /supported range/)
+    end
+
+    it "raises when constructed with an out-of-range BigDecimal" do
+      expect { Money.new(BigDecimal("1e1000"), "USD") }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /supported range/)
+    end
+
+    it "raises when converting out-of-range subunits back to money" do
+      expect { Money.from_subunits("1e1000000000", "USD") }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /supported range/)
+    end
+
+    it "raises when arithmetic leaves the supported range" do
+      expect { Money.new("1e999", "USD") * 10 }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /supported range/)
+    end
+
+    it "raises when loaded from YAML with an out-of-range value" do
+      yaml = "--- !ruby/object:Money\nvalue: '1e1000000000'\ncurrency: USD\n"
+      expect { yaml_load(yaml) }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /supported range/)
+    end
+
+    it "accepts the largest in-range value and converts it to subunits unchanged" do
+      max = "9" * Money::Helpers::MAX_INTEGER_DIGITS
+      expect(Money.new(max, "USD").value).to eq(BigDecimal(max))
+      expect(Money.new(max, "USD").subunits).to eq(Integer(max) * 100)
+      expect(Money.new("-#{max}", "USD").subunits).to eq(-Integer(max) * 100)
+    end
+
+    it "accepts values larger than a DECIMAL(21,3) column" do
+      expect(Money.new("1e25", "USD") * 10**25).to eq(Money.new("1e50", "USD"))
+      expect(Money.new("1e25", "USD").subunits).to eq(10**27)
+    end
+
+    it "still accepts ordinary exponent-form strings" do
+      expect(Money.new("1.5e3", "USD")).to eq(Money.new(1500, "USD"))
+      expect(Money.new("1e-10", "USD")).to eq(Money.new(0, "USD"))
+    end
+  end
+
   it "is comparable with non-money objects" do
     expect(money).not_to eq(nil)
   end