make `_strm::transform_sender_for` stateless #2758

Job	Run time
macos-CPU (MacOS) (clang, Debug)	4m 3s
CPU (Windows) (msvc, Release)	15m 17s
macos-CPU (MacOS) (clang, Release)	3m 49s
CPU (Windows) (msvc, Debug)	12m 54s
CPU (gcc 11, Release)	1m 18s
CPU (gcc 11, Release, ASAN)	1m 34s
CPU (clang 16, Debug)	1m 33s
CPU (clang 16, Release)	1m 28s
CPU (clang 16, Release, ASAN)	1m 33s
CPU (gcc 12, Release, TSAN)	1m 46s
CPU (gcc 13, Debug)	1m 13s
CPU (gcc 11, Debug)	1m 31s
CI (CPU)	3s
CI (CPU) (MacOS)	5s
CI (CPU) (Windows)	9s
	48m 16s

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