From 1c895e463fe5f2c9301b4f3c73e9b31a8199c7bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 20:38:18 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] test: Rename a shell-interface test file

---
 .../tests/{test_shell_interface.py => test_run_cmd.py}            | 0
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 rename projects/shell-interface/tests/{test_shell_interface.py => test_run_cmd.py} (100%)

diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_shell_interface.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_run_cmd.py
similarity index 100%
rename from projects/shell-interface/tests/test_shell_interface.py
rename to projects/shell-interface/tests/test_run_cmd.py

From fbd303c1da138c0d9528e266f5d4c8ce0f3e7c68 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:02:50 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] refactor: Move ensure_directory to shell-interface

---
 .../butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py    |  2 +-
 .../src/shell_interface/__init__.py           |  2 +
 .../src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py    | 25 ++++++++
 .../tests/test_ensure_directory.py            | 61 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py   | 28 +--------
 .../tests/test_ensure_directory.py            | 59 ------------------
 6 files changed, 90 insertions(+), 87 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
 delete mode 100644 projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_ensure_directory.py

diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
index 57c32973..9d5ebd54 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def _open_device(
     topmost_created_ancestor = None
     try:
         _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
-        topmost_created_ancestor = sdm.ensure_directory(mount_dir)
+        topmost_created_ancestor = sh.ensure_directory(mount_dir)
         decrypted = sdm.open_encrypted_device(cfg.device(), cfg.DevicePassCmd)
         sdm.mount_device(decrypted, mount_dir=mount_dir, compression=cfg.compression())
     except Exception:
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
index 8fc8af1b..6d6840d3 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
     PassCmdError,
     ShellInterfaceError,
     StrPathList,
+    ensure_directory,
     get_group,
     get_user,
     pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd,
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
     "PassCmdError",
     "ShellInterfaceError",
     "StrPathList",
+    "ensure_directory",
     "get_group",
     "get_user",
     "pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd",
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
index 9897aaa4..431d03c2 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
@@ -134,6 +134,31 @@ def pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
     return completed_process
 
 
+def ensure_directory(directory: Path) -> Path | None:
+    """Ensure a directory exists, creating it with root privileges if needed.
+
+    Parameters:
+    -----------
+    directory
+        directory that should exist
+
+    Returns:
+    --------
+    Path | None
+        The first missing ancestor that had to be created, or ``None`` if the
+        directory already existed
+    """
+    if directory.is_dir():
+        return None
+    first_created = next(
+        (parent for parent in reversed(directory.parents) if not parent.is_dir()),
+        directory,
+    )
+    cmd: StrPathList = ["sudo", "mkdir", "-p", directory]
+    run_cmd(cmd=cmd)
+    return first_created
+
+
 def get_user() -> str:
     """Get user who started ButterBackup
 
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ab27b55a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import typing as t
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+import shell_interface as sh
+
+
+def sudo_mkdir(path: Path) -> None:
+    """
+    Create a directory with sudo privileges
+    """
+    sudo_mkdir_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "mkdir", "-p", path]
+    sh.run_cmd(cmd=sudo_mkdir_cmd)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
+    """
+    Create a temporary directory owned by root for testing
+    """
+    root_owned_path = tmp_path / "root_owned"
+    root_owned_path.mkdir()
+    current_user = sh.get_user()
+    current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
+    chown_to_root: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "chown", "root:root", root_owned_path]
+    chown_to_user: sh.StrPathList = [
+        "sudo",
+        "chown",
+        f"{current_user}:{current_group}",
+        root_owned_path,
+    ]
+    sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_root)
+    try:
+        yield root_owned_path
+    finally:
+        sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_user)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("destination", ["destDir", "dest dir with spaces"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "first_created",
+    [None, "subdir", "sub dir/with spaces/", "very/deeply/nested/subdir"],
+)
+def test_ensure_directory_creates_directory(
+    root_owned_tmp_path: Path, first_created: str | None, destination: str
+) -> None:
+    if first_created is None:
+        first_created_p = root_owned_tmp_path / destination
+        destination_p = root_owned_tmp_path / destination
+    else:
+        first_created_p = root_owned_tmp_path / first_created
+        destination_p = root_owned_tmp_path / first_created / destination
+        sudo_mkdir(first_created_p.parent)
+
+    result_created = sh.ensure_directory(destination_p)
+    result_noop = sh.ensure_directory(destination_p)
+    assert destination_p is not None
+    assert destination_p.is_dir()
+    assert result_noop is None
+    assert result_created == first_created_p
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py b/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
index 6ad55f32..95bcae79 100644
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
     "close_decrypted_device",
     "decrypted_device",
     "encrypt_device",
-    "ensure_directory",
     "generate_passcmd",
     "get_filesystem",
     "get_mounted_devices",
@@ -166,31 +165,6 @@ def decrypted_device(device: Path, pass_cmd: str) -> Iterator[Path]:
         )
 
 
-def ensure_directory(directory: Path) -> Path | None:
-    """Ensure a directory exists, creating it with root privileges if needed.
-
-    Parameters:
-    -----------
-    directory
-        directory that should exist
-
-    Returns:
-    --------
-    Path | None
-        The first missing ancestor that had to be created, or ``None`` if the
-        directory already existed
-    """
-    if directory.is_dir():
-        return None
-    first_created = next(
-        (parent for parent in reversed(directory.parents) if not parent.is_dir()),
-        directory,
-    )
-    cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "mkdir", "-p", directory]
-    sh.run_cmd(cmd=cmd)
-    return first_created
-
-
 @contextlib.contextmanager
 def mounted_device(
     device: Path,
@@ -234,7 +208,7 @@ def mounted_device(
     if is_mounted(device):
         unmount_device(device)
     if destination is not None:
-        ensure_directory(destination)
+        sh.ensure_directory(destination)
     ctx: contextlib.AbstractContextManager[Path] = (
         _temporary_directory()
         if destination is None
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_ensure_directory.py b/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
deleted file mode 100644
index aa413f23..00000000
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-import typing as t
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import pytest
-import shell_interface as sh
-
-import storage_device_managers as sdm
-
-
-@pytest.fixture
-def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
-    """
-    Create a temporary directory owned by root for testing
-    """
-    root_owned_path = tmp_path / "root_owned"
-    root_owned_path.mkdir()
-    current_user = sh.get_user()
-    current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
-    chown_to_root: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "chown", "root:root", root_owned_path]
-    chown_to_user: sh.StrPathList = [
-        "sudo",
-        "chown",
-        f"{current_user}:{current_group}",
-        root_owned_path,
-    ]
-    sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_root)
-    try:
-        yield root_owned_path
-    finally:
-        sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_user)
-
-
-def test_ensure_directory_creates_missing_directory(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    destination = tmp_path / "mount"
-    assert not destination.exists()
-    assert sdm.ensure_directory(destination) == destination
-    assert destination.exists()
-
-
-def test_ensure_directory_returns_first_created_ancestor(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    expected = tmp_path / "grandparent"
-    destination = expected / "parent" / "child"
-    assert not destination.exists()
-    assert sdm.ensure_directory(destination) == expected
-    assert destination.exists()
-
-
-def test_ensure_directory_creates_missing_directory_in_root_owned_path(
-    root_owned_tmp_path: Path,
-) -> None:
-    expected = root_owned_tmp_path / "nested"
-    destination = expected / "mount"
-    assert not destination.exists()
-    assert sdm.ensure_directory(destination) == expected
-    assert destination.exists()
-
-
-def test_ensure_directory_skips_existing_directory(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
-    assert sdm.ensure_directory(tmp_path) is None

From 87f1b27223d1941ce907f62a2f23f651fdb2e370 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:02:50 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] refactor: Move chown to shell-interface

---
 .../src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py      |  5 +-
 .../src/butter_backup/device_managers.py      |  7 ++-
 .../test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py               |  5 +-
 .../tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py           | 11 +----
 .../src/shell_interface/__init__.py           |  2 +
 .../src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py    | 47 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../tests/test_chown.py                       | 11 ++---
 .../tests/test_ensure_directory.py            | 13 ++---
 .../src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py   | 48 -------------------
 .../tests/test_mount_unmount.py               |  2 +-
 10 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 83 deletions(-)
 rename projects/{storage-device-managers => shell-interface}/tests/test_chown.py (89%)

diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py
index a57ca468..ee7b9572 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 from typing import overload
 
 import shell_interface as sh
-import storage_device_managers as sdm
 from loguru import logger
 
 from . import config_parser as cp
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ def adapt_ownership(snapshot_root: Path) -> None:
         # correct ownership.
         # Therefore, it is believed that writing test that fails if `recursive=True` is
         # currently impossible.
-        sdm.chown(snapshot_root, user, group, recursive=False)
+        sh.chown(snapshot_root, user, group, recursive=False)
 
     def snapshot(self, *, src: Path, backup_repository: Path) -> Path:
         timestamp = dt.datetime.now()
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ def adapt_ownership(backup_repository: Path) -> None:
             user=user,
             group=group,
         )
-        sdm.chown(backup_repository, user, group, recursive=True)
+        sh.chown(backup_repository, user, group, recursive=True)
 
     def copy_files(self, backup_repository: Path) -> None:
         restic_cmd: sh.StrPathList = [
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py
index 928410a1..b7963f35 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def prepare_device_for_butterbackend(device: Path) -> cp.BtrFSRsyncConfig:
                 initial_subvol,
             ]
             sh.run_cmd(cmd=subvol_cmd)
-            sdm.chown(mounted, user, group, recursive=True)
+            sh.chown(mounted, user, group, recursive=True)
 
     config = cp.BtrFSRsyncConfig(
         BackupRepositoryFolder=backup_repository_folder,
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ def prepare_device_for_resticbackend(
         sdm.mkfs(decrypted, file_system)
         with sdm.mounted_device(decrypted) as mounted:
             backup_repo = mounted / backup_repository_folder
-            mkdir_repo: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "mkdir", backup_repo]
             restic_init: sh.StrPathList = [
                 "sudo",
                 "restic",
@@ -71,9 +70,9 @@ def prepare_device_for_resticbackend(
                 "-r",
                 backup_repo,
             ]
-            sh.run_cmd(cmd=mkdir_repo)
+            sh.ensure_directory(backup_repo)
             sh.pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(repository_passcmd, restic_init)
-            sdm.chown(mounted, user, group, recursive=True)
+            sh.chown(mounted, user, group, recursive=True)
     config = cp.ResticConfig(
         BackupRepositoryFolder=backup_repository_folder,
         DevicePassCmd=device_passcmd,
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py b/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py
index cf1597ac..caa8a5a6 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 import pytest
 import shell_interface as sh
-import storage_device_managers as sdm
 
 from butter_backup import backup_backends as bb
 from butter_backup import config_parser as cp
@@ -65,7 +64,7 @@ def test_btrfs_backend_gracefully_handles_existing_snapshots_owned_by_root(
     latest_snapshot = sorted(snapshot_root.iterdir())[-1]
     for cur in itertools.chain(snapshot_root.glob("*"), snapshot_root.glob("*/*")):
         print(f"Changing ownership of {cur} to root:root")
-        sdm.chown(cur, "root", "root", recursive=False)
+        sh.chown(cur, "root", "root", recursive=False)
     sh.run_cmd(cmd=["sudo", "rm", "-rf", latest_snapshot / first_config.FilesDest])
 
     second_config = run_backup_cycle(empty_config, second_source, device)
@@ -140,7 +139,7 @@ def test_do_backup_for_btrfs_rsync_preserves_ownership_of_source_files(
         source_dir = tmp_path / cur.name
         shutil.copytree(cur, source_dir)
         rm_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "rm", "-r", source_dir]
-        sdm.chown(source_dir, f"{test_owner_uid}", f"{test_group_gid}", recursive=True)
+        sh.chown(source_dir, f"{test_owner_uid}", f"{test_group_gid}", recursive=True)
         config = run_backup_cycle(empty_config, source_dir, device)
         # remove source dir to avoid permission issues with pytest and "user" 1337
         sh.run_cmd(cmd=rm_cmd)
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py b/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
index dc9879ce..f4cdf8bc 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
@@ -33,18 +33,11 @@ def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
     root_owned_path.mkdir()
     current_user = sh.get_user()
     current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
-    chown_to_root: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "chown", "root:root", root_owned_path]
-    chown_to_user: sh.StrPathList = [
-        "sudo",
-        "chown",
-        f"{current_user}:{current_group}",
-        root_owned_path,
-    ]
-    sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_root)
+    sh.chown(root_owned_path, "root", "root", recursive=False)
     try:
         yield root_owned_path
     finally:
-        sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_user)
+        sh.chown(root_owned_path, current_user, current_group, recursive=False)
 
 
 def _invalidate_sudo_session() -> None:
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
index 6d6840d3..f460a0e3 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
     PassCmdError,
     ShellInterfaceError,
     StrPathList,
+    chown,
     ensure_directory,
     get_group,
     get_user,
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@
     "PassCmdError",
     "ShellInterfaceError",
     "StrPathList",
+    "chown",
     "ensure_directory",
     "get_group",
     "get_user",
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
index 431d03c2..f56025c5 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
@@ -186,3 +186,50 @@ def get_group(user: str) -> str:
     raw_group = run_cmd(cmd=["id", "-gn", user], capture_output=True)
     group = raw_group.stdout.decode().splitlines()[0]
     return group
+
+
+def chown(
+    file_or_folder: Path,
+    /,
+    user: int | str,
+    group: int | str | None = None,
+    *,
+    recursive: bool,
+) -> None:
+    """Change user and group of a device or folder
+
+    This function will change the ownership as specified. It requires root
+    privileges and will ask for them if not available. If no group is given,
+    only the owner is changed.
+
+    If recursive is true, ownership information of all files and folders
+    contained by `file_or_folder` will be adapted.
+
+    If `file_or_folder` points to a file, `recursive` must be `False`.
+    Otherwise a ValueError will be raised.
+
+
+    Parameters:
+    -----------
+    user
+        user ID, either as name or as UID
+    group
+        group ID, either as name or as GID
+    recursive
+        whether or not to change ownership for content
+
+    Raises:
+    --------
+    ValueError
+        if `file_or_folder` is a file but `recursive` is `True`
+    """
+    if file_or_folder.is_file() and recursive:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "First argument must point to a directory if `recursive` is `True`!"
+        )
+
+    user_spec = str(user) if group is None else f"{user}:{group}"
+    chown_cmd: StrPathList = ["sudo", "chown", user_spec, file_or_folder]
+    if recursive:
+        chown_cmd.append("--recursive")
+    run_cmd(cmd=chown_cmd)
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_chown.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py
similarity index 89%
rename from projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_chown.py
rename to projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py
index 0fc3a92e..e3518999 100644
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_chown.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py
@@ -4,9 +4,8 @@
 from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
 
 import pytest
-import shell_interface as sh
 
-import storage_device_managers as sdm
+import shell_interface as sh
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -30,14 +29,14 @@ def test_chown_raises_valueerror():
         NamedTemporaryFile() as temp_file,
     ):
         file = Path(temp_file.name)
-        sdm.chown(file, file.owner(), recursive=True)
+        sh.chown(file, file.owner(), recursive=True)
 
 
 def test_chown_file(directory_with_content):
     _, file = directory_with_content
     assert file.owner() == "root"
     expected_user = sh.get_user()
-    sdm.chown(file, expected_user, recursive=False)
+    sh.chown(file, expected_user, recursive=False)
     result_user = file.owner()
     assert result_user == expected_user
 
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ def test_chown_recursive(directory_with_content):
 
     expected_user = sh.get_user()
     expected_group = sh.get_group(expected_user)
-    sdm.chown(directory, expected_user, expected_group, recursive=True)
+    sh.chown(directory, expected_user, expected_group, recursive=True)
 
     result_users = {cur.owner() for cur in all_files_and_folders}
     result_group = {cur.group() for cur in all_files_and_folders}
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ def test_chown_directory_not_recursive(directory_with_content):
     initial_nested_owners = {cur.owner() for cur in nested_items}
     assert initial_nested_owners == expected_nested_owners
 
-    sdm.chown(directory, expected_user, recursive=False)
+    sh.chown(directory, expected_user, recursive=False)
 
     result_root_owner = directory.owner()
     result_nested_owners = {cur.owner() for cur in nested_items}
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
index ab27b55a..1267bcea 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
@@ -23,18 +23,13 @@ def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
     root_owned_path.mkdir()
     current_user = sh.get_user()
     current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
-    chown_to_root: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "chown", "root:root", root_owned_path]
-    chown_to_user: sh.StrPathList = [
-        "sudo",
-        "chown",
-        f"{current_user}:{current_group}",
-        root_owned_path,
-    ]
-    sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_root)
+    sh.chown(root_owned_path, user="root", group="root", recursive=False)
     try:
         yield root_owned_path
     finally:
-        sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_to_user)
+        sh.chown(
+            root_owned_path, user=current_user, group=current_group, recursive=False
+        )
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("destination", ["destDir", "dest dir with spaces"])
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py b/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
index 95bcae79..a3e009b8 100644
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
     "UnmountError",
     "ValidCompressions",
     "ValidFileSystems",
-    "chown",
     "close_decrypted_device",
     "decrypted_device",
     "encrypt_device",
@@ -625,50 +624,3 @@ def generate_passcmd() -> str:
     alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
     passphrase = "".join(secrets.choice(alphabet) for _ in range(n_chars))
     return f"echo {passphrase}"
-
-
-def chown(
-    file_or_folder: Path,
-    /,
-    user: int | str,
-    group: int | str | None = None,
-    *,
-    recursive: bool,
-) -> None:
-    """Change user and group of a device or folder
-
-    This function will change the ownership as specified. It requires root
-    privileges and will ask for them if not available. If no group is given,
-    only the owner is changed.
-
-    If recursive is true, ownership information of all files and folders
-    contained by `file_or_folder` will be adapted.
-
-    If `file_or_folder` points to a file, `recursive` must be `False`.
-    Otherwise a ValueError will be raised.
-
-
-    Parameters:
-    -----------
-    user
-        user ID, either as name or as UID
-    group
-        group ID, either as name or as GID
-    recursive
-        whether or not to change ownership for content
-
-    Raises:
-    --------
-    ValueError
-        if `file_or_folder` is a file but `recursive` is `True`
-    """
-    if file_or_folder.is_file() and recursive:
-        raise ValueError(
-            "First argument must point to a directory if `recursive` is `True`!"
-        )
-
-    user_spec = str(user) if group is None else f"{user}:{group}"
-    chown_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "chown", user_spec, file_or_folder]
-    if recursive:
-        chown_cmd.append("--recursive")
-    sh.run_cmd(cmd=chown_cmd)
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_mount_unmount.py b/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_mount_unmount.py
index 096e5ee3..3c399557 100644
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_mount_unmount.py
+++ b/projects/storage-device-managers/tests/test_mount_unmount.py
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ def test_mounted_device_does_not_delete_content_on_umount_error(
         sdm.mounted_device(device, **compression_kwargs) as md,
     ):
         sentinel = md / "sentinel-file"
-        sdm.chown(md, user, recursive=True)
+        sh.chown(md, user, recursive=True)
         sentinel.write_text("This file should not be deleted.")
     assert sentinel.exists(), "Sentinel file was deleted after unmount error."
     assert sentinel.read_text() == sentinel_text

From aabca2c3b3c0d54fb36a658b682974f444b8846c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:19:28 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] refactor: Replace two manual mkdir with ensure_directory

---
 projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py | 3 +--
 projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py                | 3 +--
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py
index b7963f35..c52e5e6d 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/device_managers.py
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ def prepare_device_for_butterbackend(device: Path) -> cp.BtrFSRsyncConfig:
         sdm.mkfs(decrypted, "btrfs")
         with sdm.mounted_device(decrypted) as mounted:
             backup_repository = mounted / backup_repository_folder
-            mkdir_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "mkdir", backup_repository]
-            sh.run_cmd(cmd=mkdir_cmd)
+            sh.ensure_directory(backup_repository)
 
             initial_subvol = backup_repository / date.today().strftime(
                 cp.BtrFSRsyncConfig.SubvolTimestampFmt
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py
index e3518999..803e4ed2 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_chown.py
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@
 @pytest.fixture
 def directory_with_content(tmp_path):
     subfolder = tmp_path / "subfolder"
-    mkdir_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "mkdir", subfolder]
-    sh.run_cmd(cmd=mkdir_cmd)
+    sh.ensure_directory(subfolder)
 
     file = tmp_path / "important-file"
     touch_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "touch", file]

From 713506b5e28b22a9decfd1954101b35f08fec0cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:34:34 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] refactor: Move refresh_sudo to shell_interface

Moving this helper caused some mock based tests to fail. They were
rewritten to stop using mocking. Instead, they use a spy to ensure the
expected refresh commands were issued.

Working on this revealed an edge-case bug. When no files or folders were
configured to be backed up, the restic backend crashed due to a crash of
restic. This is prevented by a guard now.
---
 .../src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py      |  23 ++--
 .../butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py    |  15 +--
 .../test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py               |   2 +-
 .../backup_backends/test_restic_backend.py    |   2 +-
 .../tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py           | 104 +++++++++++-------
 .../src/shell_interface/__init__.py           |   2 +
 .../src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py    |  20 ++++
 7 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 63 deletions(-)

diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py
index ee7b9572..acbc8571 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/backup_backends.py
@@ -10,13 +10,6 @@
 from . import config_parser as cp
 
 
-def _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd: str | None) -> None:
-    if sudo_pass_cmd is not None:
-        sh.pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
-            sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"], capture_output=True
-        )
-
-
 class BackupBackend(abc.ABC):
     @abc.abstractmethod
     def do_backup(self, mount_dir: Path, sudo_pass_cmd: str | None = None) -> None: ...
@@ -51,12 +44,12 @@ def do_backup(self, mount_dir: Path, sudo_pass_cmd: str | None = None) -> None:
         backup_root = self.snapshot(
             src=src_snapshot, backup_repository=backup_repository
         )
-        _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
+        sh.refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
         self.adapt_ownership(backup_root)
 
         for src, dest_name in self.config.Folders.items():
             dest = backup_root / dest_name
-            _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
+            sh.refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
             self.rsync_folder(src, dest, self.config.ExcludePatternsFile)
 
         files_dest = backup_root / self.config.FilesDest
@@ -64,7 +57,7 @@ def do_backup(self, mount_dir: Path, sudo_pass_cmd: str | None = None) -> None:
             files_dest.unlink()
         files_dest.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
         for src in self.config.Files:
-            _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
+            sh.refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
             self.rsync_file(src, files_dest)
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -149,9 +142,9 @@ class ResticBackend(BackupBackend):
     def do_backup(self, mount_dir: Path, sudo_pass_cmd: str | None = None) -> None:
         logger.info(f"Beginne mit Restic-Backup für Speichermedium {self.config.Name}.")
         backup_repository = mount_dir / self.config.BackupRepositoryFolder
-        _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
+        sh.refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
         self.copy_files(backup_repository)
-        _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
+        sh.refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
         self.adapt_ownership(backup_repository)
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -167,6 +160,12 @@ def adapt_ownership(backup_repository: Path) -> None:
         sh.chown(backup_repository, user, group, recursive=True)
 
     def copy_files(self, backup_repository: Path) -> None:
+        if len(self.config.FilesAndFolders) == 0:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Es wurden keine Dateien oder Ordner zum Sichern angegeben. "
+                "Es wird kein Backup durchgeführt."
+            )
+            return
         restic_cmd: sh.StrPathList = [
             "sudo",
             "restic",
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
index 9d5ebd54..1dd7ef77 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
@@ -99,13 +99,6 @@ def _get_default_file_system(backend: ValidBackends) -> ValidFileSystems:
             t.assert_never(backend)
 
 
-def _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd: str | None) -> None:
-    if sudo_pass_cmd is not None:
-        sh.pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
-            sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"], capture_output=True
-        )
-
-
 def _skip_device(
     config: cp.DeviceConfiguration,
     *,
@@ -144,7 +137,7 @@ def _open_device(
     mount_dir = base_dir / cfg.Name
     topmost_created_ancestor = None
     try:
-        _refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
+        sh.refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd)
         topmost_created_ancestor = sh.ensure_directory(mount_dir)
         decrypted = sdm.open_encrypted_device(cfg.device(), cfg.DevicePassCmd)
         sdm.mount_device(decrypted, mount_dir=mount_dir, compression=cfg.compression())
@@ -245,7 +238,7 @@ def close(
                     device=cfg.Name,
                 )
                 continue
-            _refresh_sudo(parsed_config.SudoPassCmd)
+            sh.refresh_sudo(parsed_config.SudoPassCmd)
             sdm.unmount_device(map_name)
             sdm.close_decrypted_device(map_name)
 
@@ -287,7 +280,7 @@ def backup(
         ):
             continue
         backend = bb.BackupBackend.from_config(cfg)
-        _refresh_sudo(parsed_config.SudoPassCmd)
+        sh.refresh_sudo(parsed_config.SudoPassCmd)
         open_dir = parsed_config.OpenDirectory
         dest = open_dir / cfg.Name if open_dir is not None else None
         with (
@@ -300,7 +293,7 @@ def backup(
             # A backup could take so long that the sudo session expires. In this
             # case the user would have to enter the password again to unmount and
             # close the device. To prevent this, the sudo session is refreshed.
-            _refresh_sudo(parsed_config.SudoPassCmd)
+            sh.refresh_sudo(parsed_config.SudoPassCmd)
 
 
 @app.command()
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py b/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py
index caa8a5a6..9a071d03 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_btrfs_rsync_backend.py
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def test_btrfs_backend_refreshes_sudo_session_in_do_backup(
         UUID=uuid4(),
     )
     backend = bb.BtrFSRsyncBackend(config=config)
-    mock_refresh = mocker.patch("butter_backup.backup_backends._refresh_sudo")
+    mock_refresh = mocker.patch("butter_backup.backup_backends.sh.refresh_sudo")
     mocker.patch.object(
         bb.BtrFSRsyncBackend, "get_source_snapshot", return_value=tmp_path
     )
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_restic_backend.py b/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_restic_backend.py
index 8e743d7d..51128b40 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_restic_backend.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/tests/backup_backends/test_restic_backend.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def test_restic_backend_refreshes_sudo_session_in_do_backup(
         UUID=uuid4(),
     )
     backend = bb.ResticBackend(config=config)
-    mock_refresh = mocker.patch("butter_backup.backup_backends._refresh_sudo")
+    mock_refresh = mocker.patch("butter_backup.backup_backends.sh.refresh_sudo")
     mocker.patch.object(bb.ResticBackend, "copy_files")
     mocker.patch.object(bb.ResticBackend, "adapt_ownership")
 
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py b/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
index f4cdf8bc..d2021719 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import os
+import subprocess
 import typing as t
 from pathlib import Path
 
@@ -40,10 +41,33 @@ def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
         sh.chown(root_owned_path, current_user, current_group, recursive=False)
 
 
+def _assert_sudo_refresh_occurred_before_privileged_cmd(
+    refresh_idx: list[int], other_sudo_idx: list[int]
+) -> None:
+    # Ensure that the sudo refresh and other privileged commands occurred alternating.
+    # Ideally, we would check that no two refreshes occurred without a privileged
+    # command in between, but this is believed to be too strict. In the test setup, some
+    # privileged commands may be skipped, e.g. because there is nothing to back up.
+    assert len(refresh_idx) > 0
+    assert len(other_sudo_idx) > 0
+    assert min(refresh_idx) < min(other_sudo_idx)
+    assert max(refresh_idx) < max(other_sudo_idx)
+
+
 def _invalidate_sudo_session() -> None:
     sh.run_cmd(cmd=["sudo", "-k"])
 
 
+def _is_sudo_refresh(call: t.Any) -> bool:
+    ret: bool = call.args and call.args[0][:2] == ["sudo", "-Sv"]
+    return ret
+
+
+def _is_non_refresh_sudo_cmd(call: t.Any) -> bool:
+    ret: bool = call.args and call.args[0][0] == "sudo" and not _is_sudo_refresh(call)
+    return ret
+
+
 def test_sudo_pass_cmd_is_used_in_open(
     runner: CliRunner,
     encrypted_device: cp.DeviceConfiguration,
@@ -61,18 +85,19 @@ def test_sudo_pass_cmd_is_used_in_open(
     config_file = tmp_path / "config.json"
     config_file.write_text(wrapped_config.model_dump_json())
 
-    mock_pipe = mocker.patch("shell_interface.pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd")
-    mocker.patch(
-        "storage_device_managers.open_encrypted_device",
-        return_value=Path("/dev/mapper/test"),
-    )
-    mocker.patch("storage_device_managers.mount_device")
+    spy = mocker.spy(subprocess, "run")
 
-    runner.invoke(app, ["open", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    open_result = runner.invoke(app, ["open", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    assert open_result.exit_code == 0, open_result.output
 
-    mock_pipe.assert_called_once_with(
-        sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"], capture_output=True
-    )
+    sudo_refresh_calls = [
+        i for i, c in enumerate(spy.call_args_list) if _is_sudo_refresh(c)
+    ]
+    other_privileged_calls = [
+        i for i, c in enumerate(spy.call_args_list) if _is_non_refresh_sudo_cmd(c)
+    ]
+    assert sudo_refresh_calls and other_privileged_calls
+    assert max(sudo_refresh_calls) < min(other_privileged_calls)
 
 
 def test_open_uses_sudo_to_create_mount_dir(
@@ -95,7 +120,7 @@ def test_open_uses_sudo_to_create_mount_dir(
     runner.invoke(app, ["close", "--config", str(config_file)])
 
 
-def test_sudo_pass_cmd_is_used_in_backup(
+def test_sudo_session_is_refreshed_around_backup(
     runner: CliRunner,
     encrypted_device: cp.DeviceConfiguration,
     mocker,
@@ -105,28 +130,32 @@ def test_sudo_pass_cmd_is_used_in_backup(
     wrapped_config = cp.Configuration(
         DeviceConfigurations=[encrypted_device], SudoPassCmd=sudo_pass_cmd
     )
+
+    match encrypted_device:
+        case cp.BtrFSRsyncConfig():
+            expected_nof_refreshes = 3
+        case cp.ResticConfig():
+            expected_nof_refreshes = 4
+        case _:
+            t.assert_never(encrypted_device)
+
     config_file = tmp_path / "config.json"
     config_file.write_text(wrapped_config.model_dump_json())
 
-    mock_pipe = mocker.patch("shell_interface.pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd")
-    mocker.patch("storage_device_managers.decrypted_device")
-    mocker.patch("storage_device_managers.mounted_device")
-    mocker.patch(
-        "butter_backup.backup_backends.BackupBackend.from_config",
-        return_value=mocker.MagicMock(),
-    )
+    spy = mocker.spy(subprocess, "run")
+    result = runner.invoke(app, ["backup", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
 
-    runner.invoke(app, ["backup", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    refresh_idx = [i for i, c in enumerate(spy.call_args_list) if _is_sudo_refresh(c)]
+    other_idx = [
+        i for i, c in enumerate(spy.call_args_list) if _is_non_refresh_sudo_cmd(c)
+    ]
 
-    expected_nof_calls = 2  # One before opening the device and one post backup
-    result_calls = mock_pipe.call_args_list
-    expected_calls = [
-        ((sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"]), {"capture_output": True})
-    ] * expected_nof_calls
-    assert result_calls == expected_calls
+    assert len(refresh_idx) == expected_nof_refreshes
+    _assert_sudo_refresh_occurred_before_privileged_cmd(refresh_idx, other_idx)
 
 
-def test_sudo_pass_cmd_is_used_in_close(
+def test_sudo_session_is_refreshed_before_close(
     runner: CliRunner,
     encrypted_device: cp.DeviceConfiguration,
     mocker,
@@ -138,21 +167,20 @@ def test_sudo_pass_cmd_is_used_in_close(
     )
     config_file = tmp_path / "config.json"
     config_file.write_text(wrapped_config.model_dump_json())
-    map_name = str(encrypted_device.map_name())
 
-    mock_pipe = mocker.patch("shell_interface.pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd")
-    mocker.patch(
-        "storage_device_managers.get_mounted_devices",
-        return_value={map_name: [tmp_path / "mnt"]},
-    )
-    mocker.patch("storage_device_managers.unmount_device")
-    mocker.patch("storage_device_managers.close_decrypted_device")
+    open_result = runner.invoke(app, ["open", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    assert open_result.exit_code == 0, open_result.output
+    spy = mocker.spy(subprocess, "run")
+    close_result = runner.invoke(app, ["close", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    assert close_result.exit_code == 0, close_result.output
 
-    runner.invoke(app, ["close", "--config", str(config_file)])
+    refresh_idx = [i for i, c in enumerate(spy.call_args_list) if _is_sudo_refresh(c)]
+    other_idx = [
+        i for i, c in enumerate(spy.call_args_list) if _is_non_refresh_sudo_cmd(c)
+    ]
 
-    mock_pipe.assert_called_once_with(
-        sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"], capture_output=True
-    )
+    assert len(refresh_idx) == 1
+    _assert_sudo_refresh_occurred_before_privileged_cmd(refresh_idx, other_idx)
 
 
 @_requires_sudo_pass_cmd
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
index f460a0e3..52027d3c 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
     get_group,
     get_user,
     pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd,
+    refresh_sudo,
     run_cmd,
 )
 
@@ -22,5 +23,6 @@
     "get_group",
     "get_user",
     "pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd",
+    "refresh_sudo",
     "run_cmd",
 ]
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
index f56025c5..408a7622 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
@@ -233,3 +233,23 @@ def chown(
     if recursive:
         chown_cmd.append("--recursive")
     run_cmd(cmd=chown_cmd)
+
+
+def refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd: str | None) -> None:
+    """
+    Refresh sudo credentials, if a password command is providedo
+
+    Some use cases, most notably butter-backup and the library storage-device-managers,
+    require elevated privileges to run. Passing a password command for each and every
+    command that requires elevated privileges is cumbersome and error-prone.
+
+    A trade-off is to refresh the sudo cache once after long-running operations, so that
+    the user does not have to enter their password multiple times.
+
+    This function will run the provided password command and pipe its output to the
+    `sudo -Sv` command, which refreshes the sudo cache. If no password command is
+    provided, this function does nothing. Without a password command, the user will be
+    prompted for their password once needed.
+    """
+    if sudo_pass_cmd is not None:
+        pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"], capture_output=True)

From 2bf2956c857766d3da6c95704d0dc883dd3f5d22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:45:24 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] refactor: Move rmdir wrapper to shell-interface

---
 .../butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py    | 19 +--------------
 .../src/shell_interface/__init__.py           |  2 ++
 .../src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py    | 18 ++++++++++++++
 projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py    | 24 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../tests/test_ensure_directory.py            | 19 ---------------
 .../shell-interface/tests/test_rmdir_up_to.py | 24 +++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py
 create mode 100644 projects/shell-interface/tests/test_rmdir_up_to.py

diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
index 1dd7ef77..6cd7fde9 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
@@ -149,28 +149,11 @@ def _open_device(
             f"Speichermedium {cfg.Name} konnte nicht geöffnet werden. Es wird übersprungen."
         )
         if topmost_created_ancestor is not None:
-            _rmdir_ancestor_path(start=topmost_created_ancestor, stop=base_dir)
+            sh.rmdir_up_to(start=topmost_created_ancestor, stop=base_dir)
     else:
         typer.echo(f"Speichermedium {cfg.Name} wurde in {mount_dir} geöffnet.")
 
 
-def _rmdir_ancestor_path(start: Path, stop: Path) -> None:
-    """
-    Remove all directories from `start` to `stop` (inclusive).
-
-    The directories are removed in a bottom-up manner. Execution stops at the first
-    non-empty directory or directly after removing stop, whatever comes first.
-    """
-    if not start.is_relative_to(stop):
-        raise ValueError(f"Start path {start} is not a subpath of stop path {stop}.")
-    current = start
-    while current.is_relative_to(stop):
-        with contextlib.suppress(sh.ShellInterfaceError):
-            cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "rmdir", current]
-            sh.run_cmd(cmd=cmd)
-        current = current.parent
-
-
 @app.command()
 def open(  # noqa: A001
     config: t.Annotated[Path | None, CONFIG_OPTION] = None,
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
index 52027d3c..28bb40f6 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
     get_user,
     pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd,
     refresh_sudo,
+    rmdir_up_to,
     run_cmd,
 )
 
@@ -24,5 +25,6 @@
     "get_user",
     "pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd",
     "refresh_sudo",
+    "rmdir_up_to",
     "run_cmd",
 ]
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
index 408a7622..5682fcdf 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import contextlib
 import getpass
 import os
 import subprocess
@@ -253,3 +254,20 @@ def refresh_sudo(sudo_pass_cmd: str | None) -> None:
     """
     if sudo_pass_cmd is not None:
         pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(sudo_pass_cmd, ["sudo", "-Sv"], capture_output=True)
+
+
+def rmdir_up_to(start: Path, stop: Path) -> None:
+    """
+    Remove all directories from `start` to `stop` (inclusive).
+
+    The directories are removed in a bottom-up manner. Execution stops at the first
+    non-empty directory or directly after removing stop, whatever comes first.
+    """
+    if not start.is_relative_to(stop):
+        raise ValueError(f"Start path {start} is not a subpath of stop path {stop}.")
+    current = start
+    while current.is_relative_to(stop):
+        with contextlib.suppress(ShellInterfaceError):
+            cmd: StrPathList = ["sudo", "rmdir", current]
+            run_cmd(cmd=cmd)
+        current = current.parent
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3be1cda8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from collections import abc
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+import shell_interface as sh
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> abc.Iterable[Path]:
+    """
+    Create a temporary directory owned by root for testing
+    """
+    root_owned_path = tmp_path / "root_owned"
+    root_owned_path.mkdir()
+    current_user = sh.get_user()
+    current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
+    sh.chown(root_owned_path, user="root", group="root", recursive=False)
+    try:
+        yield root_owned_path
+    finally:
+        sh.chown(
+            root_owned_path, user=current_user, group=current_group, recursive=False
+        )
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
index 1267bcea..85bcdac4 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_ensure_directory.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import typing as t
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
@@ -14,24 +13,6 @@ def sudo_mkdir(path: Path) -> None:
     sh.run_cmd(cmd=sudo_mkdir_cmd)
 
 
-@pytest.fixture
-def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
-    """
-    Create a temporary directory owned by root for testing
-    """
-    root_owned_path = tmp_path / "root_owned"
-    root_owned_path.mkdir()
-    current_user = sh.get_user()
-    current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
-    sh.chown(root_owned_path, user="root", group="root", recursive=False)
-    try:
-        yield root_owned_path
-    finally:
-        sh.chown(
-            root_owned_path, user=current_user, group=current_group, recursive=False
-        )
-
-
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("destination", ["destDir", "dest dir with spaces"])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "first_created",
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_rmdir_up_to.py b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_rmdir_up_to.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f8e4333a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/tests/test_rmdir_up_to.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+import shell_interface as sh
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "start", ["subdir", "sub dir/with spaces/", "very/deeply/nested/subdir", None]
+)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "stop", ["stopDir", "stop dir with spaces", "deeply/nested/stopDir"]
+)
+def test_rmdir_up_to_works(
+    root_owned_tmp_path: Path, start: str | None, stop: str
+) -> None:
+    stop_p = root_owned_tmp_path / stop
+    start_p = stop_p if start is None else stop_p / start
+    sh.ensure_directory(start_p)
+    assert start_p.exists()
+    sh.rmdir_up_to(start_p, stop_p)
+    assert not start_p.exists()
+    assert not stop_p.exists()
+    assert stop_p.parent.exists()

From 3551881162ba5377b1865a4b0d3d378d2d63db95 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:52:27 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] refactor: Move run_cmd functions to dedicated file

This reduces the length of the main shell-interface file, improving
maintainability.
---
 .../butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py    |   1 -
 .../src/shell_interface/__init__.py           |   8 +-
 .../src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py            | 131 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py    | 128 +----------------
 4 files changed, 137 insertions(+), 131 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py

diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
index 6cd7fde9..12693e73 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/src/butter_backup/cli.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-import contextlib
 import enum
 import json
 import os
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
index 28bb40f6..27962eb5 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/__init__.py
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 from importlib import metadata
 
-from .shell_interface import (
+from .run_cmd import (
     PassCmdError,
     ShellInterfaceError,
+    pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd,
+    run_cmd,
+)
+from .shell_interface import (
     StrPathList,
     chown,
     ensure_directory,
     get_group,
     get_user,
-    pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd,
     refresh_sudo,
     rmdir_up_to,
-    run_cmd,
 )
 
 __version__ = metadata.version(__name__)
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..583fc72d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+import os
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+StrPathList = list[str | Path]
+_CMD_LIST = list[str] | list[Path] | StrPathList
+
+try:
+    from loguru import logger  # type: ignore[import, unused-ignore]
+
+    logger.disable("shell_interface")
+except ModuleNotFoundError:
+    logger = SimpleNamespace()  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
+    logger.debug = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
+    logger.error = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
+
+
+class PassCmdError(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+class ShellInterfaceError(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+def run_cmd(
+    *,
+    cmd: _CMD_LIST,
+    env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+    capture_output: bool = False,
+) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]:
+    """
+    Run provided command in shell
+
+    This function will run the provided command in a shell. The command must be
+    provided as a list of tokens.
+
+    The main difference to using `subprocess.run` directly is that this function
+    checks the return code of the command by default, while `subprocess.run`
+    does not. If a non-zero return code is encountered, a `ShellInterfaceError`
+    is raised.
+
+    Parameters:
+    -----------
+    cmd
+        command to run in shell
+    env
+        environment variables to set for the command; if `None`, the current
+        environment is used
+    capture_output
+        whether to capture the output of the command; if `True`, the output is
+        returned as part of the `CompletedProcess` object
+
+    Returns:
+    --------
+    subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]
+        object containing information about the completed process
+
+    Raises:
+    -------
+    ShellInterfaceError
+        if the command returns a non-zero return code
+    """
+    if env is None:
+        env = dict(os.environ)
+    logger.debug(f"Shell-Befehl ist `{cmd}`.")
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=capture_output, check=True, env=env)
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{cmd}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
+        logger.error(errmsg)
+        raise ShellInterfaceError(errmsg) from e
+    return result
+
+
+def pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
+    pass_cmd: str, command: _CMD_LIST, *, capture_output: bool = False
+) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]:
+    """
+    Pipe result of first command to second command
+
+    This function will run the first command in a shell and pipe its output to
+    the second command. The first command must be provided as a string, while
+    the second command must be provided as a list of tokens. This allows to take a plain
+    command as input from a user without having to deal with tokenization.
+
+    The return code of both commands is checked. If a non-zero return code is
+    encountered, a `ShellInterfaceError` is raised.
+
+    Parameters:
+    -----------
+    pass_cmd
+        command to run in shell and whose output is piped to the second command
+    command
+        command to run in shell and whose input is piped from the first command
+    capture_output
+        whether to capture the output of the real command; if `True`, the output is
+        returned as part of the `CompletedProcess` object
+
+    Returns:
+    --------
+    subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]
+        object containing information about the completed process of the second
+        command
+
+    Raises:
+    -------
+    PassCmdError
+        if the password command returns a non-zero return code
+    ShellInterfaceError
+        if the real command returns a non-zero return code
+    """
+    logger.debug(f"Shell-Befehl ist `{command}`.")
+    try:
+        pwd_proc = subprocess.run(
+            pass_cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True, check=True
+        )
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{pass_cmd}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
+        logger.error(errmsg)
+        raise PassCmdError(errmsg) from e
+    try:
+        completed_process = subprocess.run(
+            command, input=pwd_proc.stdout, check=True, capture_output=capture_output
+        )
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{command}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
+        logger.error(errmsg)
+        raise ShellInterfaceError(errmsg) from e
+    return completed_process
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
index 5682fcdf..977498c3 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/shell_interface.py
@@ -2,137 +2,11 @@
 
 import contextlib
 import getpass
-import os
-import subprocess
 from pathlib import Path
-from types import SimpleNamespace
 
-try:
-    from loguru import logger  # type: ignore[import, unused-ignore]
-
-    logger.disable("shell_interface")
-except ModuleNotFoundError:
-    logger = SimpleNamespace()  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-    logger.debug = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-    logger.error = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
+from .run_cmd import ShellInterfaceError, pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd, run_cmd
 
 StrPathList = list[str | Path]
-_CMD_LIST = list[str] | list[Path] | StrPathList
-
-
-class PassCmdError(RuntimeError):
-    pass
-
-
-class ShellInterfaceError(RuntimeError):
-    pass
-
-
-def run_cmd(
-    *,
-    cmd: _CMD_LIST,
-    env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
-    capture_output: bool = False,
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]:
-    """
-    Run provided command in shell
-
-    This function will run the provided command in a shell. The command must be
-    provided as a list of tokens.
-
-    The main difference to using `subprocess.run` directly is that this function
-    checks the return code of the command by default, while `subprocess.run`
-    does not. If a non-zero return code is encountered, a `ShellInterfaceError`
-    is raised.
-
-    Parameters:
-    -----------
-    cmd
-        command to run in shell
-    env
-        environment variables to set for the command; if `None`, the current
-        environment is used
-    capture_output
-        whether to capture the output of the command; if `True`, the output is
-        returned as part of the `CompletedProcess` object
-
-    Returns:
-    --------
-    subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]
-        object containing information about the completed process
-
-    Raises:
-    -------
-    ShellInterfaceError
-        if the command returns a non-zero return code
-    """
-    if env is None:
-        env = dict(os.environ)
-    logger.debug(f"Shell-Befehl ist `{cmd}`.")
-    try:
-        result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=capture_output, check=True, env=env)
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-        errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{cmd}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
-        logger.error(errmsg)
-        raise ShellInterfaceError(errmsg) from e
-    return result
-
-
-def pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
-    pass_cmd: str, command: _CMD_LIST, *, capture_output: bool = False
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]:
-    """
-    Pipe result of first command to second command
-
-    This function will run the first command in a shell and pipe its output to
-    the second command. The first command must be provided as a string, while
-    the second command must be provided as a list of tokens. This allows to take a plain
-    command as input from a user without having to deal with tokenization.
-
-    The return code of both commands is checked. If a non-zero return code is
-    encountered, a `ShellInterfaceError` is raised.
-
-    Parameters:
-    -----------
-    pass_cmd
-        command to run in shell and whose output is piped to the second command
-    command
-        command to run in shell and whose input is piped from the first command
-    capture_output
-        whether to capture the output of the real command; if `True`, the output is
-        returned as part of the `CompletedProcess` object
-
-    Returns:
-    --------
-    subprocess.CompletedProcess[bytes]
-        object containing information about the completed process of the second
-        command
-
-    Raises:
-    -------
-    PassCmdError
-        if the password command returns a non-zero return code
-    ShellInterfaceError
-        if the real command returns a non-zero return code
-    """
-    logger.debug(f"Shell-Befehl ist `{command}`.")
-    try:
-        pwd_proc = subprocess.run(
-            pass_cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True, check=True
-        )
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-        errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{pass_cmd}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
-        logger.error(errmsg)
-        raise PassCmdError(errmsg) from e
-    try:
-        completed_process = subprocess.run(
-            command, input=pwd_proc.stdout, check=True, capture_output=capture_output
-        )
-    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
-        errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{command}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
-        logger.error(errmsg)
-        raise ShellInterfaceError(errmsg) from e
-    return completed_process
 
 
 def ensure_directory(directory: Path) -> Path | None:

From 5f0fccba795f9d5f537ba05eb87a7d8b00b9a24f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 21:58:00 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] refactor: Drop loguru from both libraries

The logging functionality was never used, for years. A major release
seems to be the best opportunity to get rid of it.
---
 .github/workflows/ci-shell-interface.yml      |  3 +-
 .../workflows/ci-storage-device-managers.yml  |  3 +-
 projects/shell-interface/pyproject.toml       |  5 ----
 .../src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py            | 15 ----------
 .../storage-device-managers/pyproject.toml    |  5 ----
 .../src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py   | 30 +------------------
 uv.lock                                       | 14 ---------
 7 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 72 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-shell-interface.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-shell-interface.yml
index 13e446cd..9445b137 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-shell-interface.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-shell-interface.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         python-version: ["3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
-        dependency-extras: ["", "--extra logging"]
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --package shell-interface ${{ matrix.dependency-extras }}
+        run: uv sync --package shell-interface
       - name: Check formatting with ruff
         run: uv run --package shell-interface ruff format --check projects/shell-interface
       - name: Check import ordering with ruff
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-storage-device-managers.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-storage-device-managers.yml
index 35276280..9be49609 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-storage-device-managers.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-storage-device-managers.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         python-version: ["3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
-        dependency-extras: ["", "--extra logging"]
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: uv sync --package storage-device-managers ${{ matrix.dependency-extras }}
+        run: uv sync --package storage-device-managers
       - name: Check formatting with ruff
         run: uv run --package storage-device-managers ruff format --check projects/storage-device-managers
       - name: Check import ordering with ruff
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/pyproject.toml b/projects/shell-interface/pyproject.toml
index 7e35dda6..d7f5918a 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/pyproject.toml
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/pyproject.toml
@@ -15,11 +15,6 @@ Repository = "https://github.com/MaxG87/shell-interface"
 Issues = "https://github.com/MaxG87/shell-interface/issues"
 Changelog = "https://github.com/MaxG87/shell-interface/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
 
-[project.optional-dependencies]
-logging = [
-    "loguru",
-]
-
 [dependency-groups]
 dev = [
     "hypothesis>=6.155.7",
diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py
index 583fc72d..ed3cd394 100644
--- a/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py
+++ b/projects/shell-interface/src/shell_interface/run_cmd.py
@@ -1,20 +1,10 @@
 import os
 import subprocess
 from pathlib import Path
-from types import SimpleNamespace
 
 StrPathList = list[str | Path]
 _CMD_LIST = list[str] | list[Path] | StrPathList
 
-try:
-    from loguru import logger  # type: ignore[import, unused-ignore]
-
-    logger.disable("shell_interface")
-except ModuleNotFoundError:
-    logger = SimpleNamespace()  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-    logger.debug = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-    logger.error = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-
 
 class PassCmdError(RuntimeError):
     pass
@@ -64,12 +54,10 @@ def run_cmd(
     """
     if env is None:
         env = dict(os.environ)
-    logger.debug(f"Shell-Befehl ist `{cmd}`.")
     try:
         result = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=capture_output, check=True, env=env)
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{cmd}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
-        logger.error(errmsg)
         raise ShellInterfaceError(errmsg) from e
     return result
 
@@ -111,14 +99,12 @@ def pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
     ShellInterfaceError
         if the real command returns a non-zero return code
     """
-    logger.debug(f"Shell-Befehl ist `{command}`.")
     try:
         pwd_proc = subprocess.run(
             pass_cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True, check=True
         )
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{pass_cmd}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
-        logger.error(errmsg)
         raise PassCmdError(errmsg) from e
     try:
         completed_process = subprocess.run(
@@ -126,6 +112,5 @@ def pipe_pass_cmd_to_real_cmd(
         )
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
         errmsg = f"Shell-Befehl `{command}` ist fehlgeschlagen."
-        logger.error(errmsg)
         raise ShellInterfaceError(errmsg) from e
     return completed_process
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/pyproject.toml b/projects/storage-device-managers/pyproject.toml
index 7ad3d59d..c612ed21 100644
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/pyproject.toml
+++ b/projects/storage-device-managers/pyproject.toml
@@ -20,11 +20,6 @@ Repository = "https://github.com/MaxG87/storage-device-managers"
 Issues = "https://github.com/MaxG87/storage-device-managers/issues"
 Changelog = "https://github.com/MaxG87/storage-device-managers/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
 
-
-[project.optional-dependencies]
-logging = ["loguru"]
-
-
 [dependency-groups]
 dev = [
     "hypothesis>=6.155.7",
diff --git a/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py b/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
index a3e009b8..3ddf300b 100644
--- a/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
+++ b/projects/storage-device-managers/src/storage_device_managers/__init__.py
@@ -7,22 +7,12 @@
 from collections.abc import Iterator
 from importlib import metadata
 from pathlib import Path
-from types import SimpleNamespace
 from uuid import UUID, uuid4
 
 import shell_interface as sh
 
 from storage_device_managers._findmnt import MountOptions, get_mounted_devices
 
-try:
-    from loguru import logger  # type: ignore[import, unused-ignore]
-
-    logger.disable("storage_device_managers")
-except ModuleNotFoundError:
-    logger = SimpleNamespace()  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-    logger.success = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-    logger.info = lambda msg: None  # type: ignore[assignment, unused-ignore]
-
 __version__ = metadata.version(__name__)
 
 __all__ = [
@@ -154,14 +144,10 @@ def decrypted_device(device: Path, pass_cmd: str) -> Iterator[Path]:
         if cryptsetup returns a non-zero exit code
     """
     decrypted = open_encrypted_device(device, pass_cmd)
-    logger.success(f"Speichermedium {device} erfolgreich entschlüsselt.")
     try:
         yield decrypted
     finally:
         close_decrypted_device(decrypted)
-        logger.success(
-            f"Verschlüsselung des Speichermediums {device} erfolgreich geschlossen."
-        )
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
@@ -215,16 +201,10 @@ def mounted_device(
     )
     with ctx as mount_dir:
         mount_device(device, mount_dir, compression)
-        logger.success(
-            f"Speichermedium {device} erfolgreich nach {mount_dir} gemountet."
-        )
         try:
             yield Path(mount_dir)
         finally:
             unmount_device(device)
-            logger.success(
-                "Speichermedium {device} erfolgreich ausgehangen.", device=device
-            )
 
 
 @contextlib.contextmanager
@@ -257,7 +237,6 @@ def symbolic_link(src: Path, dest: Path) -> Iterator[Path]:
     absolute_dest = dest.absolute()
     ln_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "ln", "-s", src.absolute(), absolute_dest]
     sh.run_cmd(cmd=ln_cmd)
-    logger.success(f"Symlink von {src} nach {dest} erfolgreich erstellt.")
     try:
         yield absolute_dest
     finally:
@@ -265,7 +244,6 @@ def symbolic_link(src: Path, dest: Path) -> Iterator[Path]:
         # all, the aimed for state has been reached.
         rm_cmd: sh.StrPathList = ["sudo", "rm", "-f", absolute_dest]
         sh.run_cmd(cmd=rm_cmd)
-        logger.success(f"Symlink von {src} nach {dest} erfolgreich entfernt.")
 
 
 def _mount_btrfs_device(
@@ -368,13 +346,7 @@ def is_mounted(device: Path) -> bool:
         True if `device` is mounted, False otherwise
     """
     device_as_str = str(device)
-    try:
-        mount_dest = get_mounted_devices()[device_as_str]
-        logger.info(f"Mount des Speichermediums {device} in {mount_dest} gefunden.")
-    except KeyError:
-        logger.info(f"Kein Mountpunkt für Speichermedium {device} gefunden.")
-        return False
-    return True
+    return device_as_str in get_mounted_devices()
 
 
 def sync_device(device: Path) -> None:
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index 03680230..81b58176 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -854,11 +854,6 @@ name = "shell-interface"
 version = "2.0.0"
 source = { editable = "projects/shell-interface" }
 
-[package.optional-dependencies]
-logging = [
-    { name = "loguru" },
-]
-
 [package.dev-dependencies]
 dev = [
     { name = "hypothesis" },
@@ -873,8 +868,6 @@ typecheck = [
 ]
 
 [package.metadata]
-requires-dist = [{ name = "loguru", marker = "extra == 'logging'" }]
-provides-extras = ["logging"]
 
 [package.metadata.requires-dev]
 dev = [
@@ -915,11 +908,6 @@ dependencies = [
     { name = "shell-interface" },
 ]
 
-[package.optional-dependencies]
-logging = [
-    { name = "loguru" },
-]
-
 [package.dev-dependencies]
 dev = [
     { name = "hypothesis" },
@@ -938,11 +926,9 @@ typecheck = [
 [package.metadata]
 requires-dist = [
     { name = "loguru", specifier = ">=0.7.3" },
-    { name = "loguru", marker = "extra == 'logging'" },
     { name = "msgspec", specifier = ">=0.21.1" },
     { name = "shell-interface", editable = "projects/shell-interface" },
 ]
-provides-extras = ["logging"]
 
 [package.metadata.requires-dev]
 dev = [

From c79226f2c689577352741d81530b390f78e14833 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Max=20G=C3=B6rner?=
 <5477952+MaxG87@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 22:01:58 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] refactor: Create top-level conftest.py to share fixtures

---
 .../tests/conftest.py => conftest.py             |  0
 .../tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py              | 16 ----------------
 2 files changed, 16 deletions(-)
 rename projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py => conftest.py (100%)

diff --git a/projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py b/conftest.py
similarity index 100%
rename from projects/shell-interface/tests/conftest.py
rename to conftest.py
diff --git a/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py b/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
index d2021719..a61adacf 100644
--- a/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
+++ b/projects/butter-backup/tests/cli/test_sudo_pass_cmd.py
@@ -25,22 +25,6 @@ def runner():
     return CliRunner()
 
 
-@pytest.fixture
-def root_owned_tmp_path(tmp_path: Path) -> t.Iterable[Path]:
-    """
-    Create a temporary directory owned by root for testing
-    """
-    root_owned_path = tmp_path / "root_owned"
-    root_owned_path.mkdir()
-    current_user = sh.get_user()
-    current_group = sh.get_group(current_user)
-    sh.chown(root_owned_path, "root", "root", recursive=False)
-    try:
-        yield root_owned_path
-    finally:
-        sh.chown(root_owned_path, current_user, current_group, recursive=False)
-
-
 def _assert_sudo_refresh_occurred_before_privileged_cmd(
     refresh_idx: list[int], other_sudo_idx: list[int]
 ) -> None: