diff --git a/.agents/skills/java-engineering-excellence/SKILL.md b/.agents/skills/java-engineering-excellence/SKILL.md
index 677cfe0bf..a37d10ee2 100644
--- a/.agents/skills/java-engineering-excellence/SKILL.md
+++ b/.agents/skills/java-engineering-excellence/SKILL.md
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ ts-java-spring-boot-realworld/
 | `io.rest-assured:spring-mock-mvc` (test) | 4.5.1 | 5.4.x |
 | `com.diffplug.spotless` | 6.2.1 | 6.25.x |
 | `org.flywaydb:flyway-core` | (managed) | 10.x (Boot 3.5 managed) |
-| Selenium (test) | 4.15.0 | 4.20.x |
+| Selenium (test) | 4.46.0 (`ext['selenium.version']` overrides the Boot BOM's 3.141.59) | 4.46.x |
 
 ## General Approach: Java 11 → 21 / Spring Boot 2.x → 3.x Upgrades
 
diff --git a/build.gradle b/build.gradle
index 03c56f755..e087cd2ec 100644
--- a/build.gradle
+++ b/build.gradle
@@ -55,6 +55,10 @@ configurations {
     }
 }
 
+// The Spring Boot 2.6.3 BOM manages org.seleniumhq.selenium at 3.141.59, which would drag
+// selenium-java's own modules back to 3.x and split the classpath.
+ext['selenium.version'] = '4.46.0'
+
 dependencies {
     implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
     implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-validation'
@@ -82,7 +86,7 @@ dependencies {
     testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-inline:4.0.0'
     
     // Selenium E2E testing
-    testImplementation 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.15.0'
+    testImplementation 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.46.0'
     testImplementation 'io.github.bonigarcia:webdrivermanager:5.6.2'
     testImplementation 'org.testng:testng:7.8.0'
     testImplementation 'com.aventstack:extentreports:5.1.1'
diff --git a/src/test/java/io/spring/selenium/pages/BasePage.java b/src/test/java/io/spring/selenium/pages/BasePage.java
index 425f696ef..208313e40 100644
--- a/src/test/java/io/spring/selenium/pages/BasePage.java
+++ b/src/test/java/io/spring/selenium/pages/BasePage.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.spring.selenium.pages;
 
+import java.time.Duration;
 import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
 import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
 import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
@@ -11,11 +12,11 @@ public abstract class BasePage {
 
   protected WebDriver driver;
   protected WebDriverWait wait;
-  protected static final long DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10;
+  protected static final Duration DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = Duration.ofSeconds(10);
 
   public BasePage(WebDriver driver) {
     this.driver = driver;
-    this.wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS);
+    this.wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
     PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
   }