Implement Caching Strategy

[Carrington-dev]

Description

Implement intelligent caching to optimize configuration loading performance.

Tasks

• Add file-based source caching
• Add cloud provider result caching
• Implement TTL-based cache invalidation
• Add manual cache refresh methods
• Add cache statistics
• Implement LRU cache for frequently accessed values
• Add option to disable caching
• Add cache warming on initialization
• Write performance benchmarks
• Document caching behavior

Acceptance Criteria

• Significant performance improvement
• Cache invalidation works correctly
• Memory usage reasonable
• Configurable behavior