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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<meta name="description" content="AOP：面向切面编程，相对于OOP面向对象编程
Spring的AOP是通过JDK的动态代理和CGLIB实现的。
AOP的术语通知(有的地方叫增强)(Advice)
需要完成的工作叫做通知，就是你写的业务逻辑中需要比如事务、日志等先定义好，然">
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SpringbootAOP面向切面编程
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2023-08-07
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jiyonggang
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<p>AOP：面向切面编程，相对于OOP面向对象编程</p>
<p>Spring的AOP是通过JDK的动态代理和CGLIB实现的。</p>
<h3 id="AOP的术语"><a href="#AOP的术语" class="headerlink" title="AOP的术语"></a>AOP的术语</h3><p>通知(有的地方叫增强)(Advice)</p>
<p>需要完成的工作叫做通知，就是你写的业务逻辑中需要比如事务、日志等先定义好，然后需要的地方再去用</p>
<p>连接点(Join point)</p>
<p>就是spring中允许使用通知的地方，基本上每个方法前后抛异常时都可以是连接点</p>
<p>切点(Poincut)</p>
<p>其实就是筛选出的连接点，一个类中的所有方法都是连接点，但又不全需要，会筛选出某些作为连接点做为切点。如果说通知定义了切面的动作或者执行时机的话，切点则定义了执行的地点</p>
<p>切面(Aspect)</p>
<p>其实就是通知和切点的结合，通知和切点共同定义了切面的全部内容，它是干什么的，什么时候在哪执行</p>
<p>引入(Introduction)</p>
<p>在不改变一个现有类代码的情况下，为该类添加属性和方法,可以在无需修改现有类的前提下，让它们具有新的行为和状态。其实就是把切面（也就是新方法属性：通知定义的）用到目标类中去</p>
<p>目标(target)</p>
<p>被通知的对象。也就是需要加入额外代码的对象，也就是真正的业务逻辑被组织织入切面。</p>
<p>织入(Weaving)</p>
<p>把切面加入程序代码的过程。切面在指定的连接点被织入到目标对象中，在目标对象的生命周期里有多个点可以进行织入：</p>
<ul>
<li>编译期：切面在目标类编译时被织入，这种方式需要特殊的编译器</li>
<li>类加载期：切面在目标类加载到JVM时被织入，这种方式需要特殊的类加载器，它可以在目标类被引入应用之前增强该目标类的字节码</li>
<li>运行期：切面在应用运行的某个时刻被织入，一般情况下，在织入切面时，AOP容器会为目标对象动态创建一个代理对象，Spring AOP就是以这种方式织入切面的。</li>
</ul>
<p>用于连接的bean</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-text"><code class="language-text">@RestController
public class AopController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String sayHello(){
System.out.println("hello");
return "hello";
}
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-text"><code class="language-text">@Aspect
@Component
public class AopAdvice {
@Pointcut("execution (* com.shangguan.aop.controller.*.*(..))")
public void test() {
}
@Before("test()")
public void beforeAdvice() {
System.out.println("beforeAdvice...");
}
@After("test()")
public void afterAdvice() {
System.out.println("afterAdvice...");
}
@Around("test()")
public void aroundAdvice(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) {
System.out.println("before");
try {
proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("after");
}
}<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>ProceedingJoinPoint和JoinPoint是两个用于表示目标方法连接点的接口，它们都可以在切面方法中作为参数获取目标方法的信息，例如方法名，参数，返回值等。它们的区别在于：</p>
<ul>
<li>ProceedingJoinPoint是JoinPoint的子接口，它只能用在@Around类型的切面方法中，而JoinPoint可以用在任何类型的切面方法中。</li>
<li>ProceedingJoinPoint提供了一个额外的proceed()方法，它可以让切面方法控制目标方法的执行，例如决定是否执行，何时执行，传递什么参数等。而JoinPoint没有这个方法，它只能获取目标方法的信息，不能影响目标方法的执行。</li>
<li>ProceedingJoinPoint的proceed()方法可以接受一个Object[]类型的参数，表示传递给目标方法的参数。如果不传递任何参数，则使用原始的参数。而JoinPoint没有这个功能，它只能获取原始的参数。</li>
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